MATLAB在储粮害虫图像处理中的应用

在对粮虫图像处理过程中,介绍了Matlab图像处理工具箱中的函数,实现了图像处理与分析的技术,边缘检测及轮廓提取,通过形态学方法进行图像特征抽取与分析,采用小波变换的处理方法去除粮虫图像噪声,达到了比较好的效果。     

一种新的储粮害虫图像边缘检测的元胞自动机法

采用元胞自动机进行虫体图像边缘检测,并与其他几种边缘检测算子的检测结果进行比较。同时以包括元胞自动机在内的6种边缘检测结果为基础,结合RBF神经网络算法和SVM支持向量机算法,对粮虫图像进行了识别。识别结果表明,基于元胞自动机边缘检测的粮虫识别正确率优于其它边缘检测算法。     

储粮害虫图像的灰关联分析方法研究

对储粮害虫进行实时监测是非常必要的，其中基于图像识别的检测是目前研究较多的一种方法。本文提出了一种基于灰关联分析的图像边缘检测的新算法，并将其应用于储粮害虫图像的边缘检测，计算表明，该方法能有效地检测粮虫图像的边缘信息。     

粮情检测系统打印格式及数据处理研究

现有的粮情检测系统打印格式过于固定,使用者无法根据自身的需要进行分析或编排,限制了使用者对粮温数据更充分的利用,从一定程度上也限制了粮情检测系统功能的发挥。本文通过对电子粮情检测系统的认真研究,采用一定的手段将OPI粮情检测系统内测得粮温数据导出,然后通过文本格式的转换,将粮温数据变成可以进行编辑的数值,根据不同格式的需要随心所欲地进行各种打印报告编排,通过改进,进一步提高了粮情分析效率,节省打印纸张,降低储粮成本。     

牧草观测自动化技术研究与系统设计

针对内蒙古自治区生态观测需求,特别是草地生态系统观测需求,选取牧草观测为研究内容,提出基于嵌入式技术和并行计算技术的实时远程可控可视的牧草观测自动化技术思路。采用特征像素图像识别方法,实现牧草覆盖度的自动测量、牧草的发育期图像自动识别。利用摄影测量技术结合图像处理技术获得像高转物高变换算法,实现层高与株高的自动测量。结合现代电子技术以及DSP技术、图像处理技术设计了牧草自动观测智能传感器,传感器在观测前端完成图像采集、处理与模式识别后,再将处理后的结果通过网络传向服务器端,可通过智能手机或PC访问服务器远程查看观测数据,实现牧草覆盖度、层（株）高以及牧草生长期的自动观测。测试结果表明,图像处理与实测覆盖度数值显著相关检验R_0.05>0.90,与实测株高数值显著相关检验R_0.05>0.85。相对于在后端PC系统进行图像处理,不但可以提高观测系统的数据运算处理速度,而且鲁棒性好,同时能够大大减轻数据传输压力,适合对体积、功耗、工作环境及稳定性要求极高的场合。     

苹果表面伤痕与果梗和花萼的辨识及检出方法

针对在水果表面品质检测的图像处理中,苹果的果梗和花萼很容易被错误辨识成缺陷,提出一种自动识别出苹果缺陷,并计算其大小的图像处理算法,如图像分割、图像去噪、区域标记与提取、感兴趣区域提取等,设计出一种能将采集到的苹果图片进行正确处理后,识别出果梗和花萼,得到真正缺陷大小的图像处理算法。运用C++语言进行编程,采用MFC基于对话框的非模态形式设计了图像处理软件,处理采集到的苹果样品图片,结果表明,该算法能正确计算缺陷大小,并且能得到果梗和花萼的辨识依据,可用于水果表面品质实时检测中。     

远程粮情暨空仓预警系统的应用与维护研究

远程粮情暨空仓预警系统是德州直属库根据中储粮总公司、山东分公司的要求为实现对承储库粮情的远程监控而实施的重点项目,于2011年11月正式投入使用,该系统将粮食储藏技术与现代信息技术有机结合,具备空仓预警、实时数据采集、粮情监管、分析等功能,并通过网络采集粮情数据,达到直属库对各承储库粮情远程监控的目的。本文结合该系统在本库的使用情况,对其应用效果和一些常见故障作了分析,并对系统完善和改进提出一些建议,以期能对系统的正常运行和科学储粮提供可靠的指导依据。     

XS—C1型粮仓害虫仓外检测系统应用试验报告

应用XS—C1型粮仓害虫仓外检测系统，在实仓进行了自然发生害虫和人为投放害虫的检测实验研究。结果表明：该系统可灵敏地检测出书虱、赤拟谷盗、玉米象和锯谷盗等害虫的成虫，与传统的扦样检测方法相比，有更高的灵敏度，并且实现了仓外电子测虫，对于提升储粮电子检测和科学保粮水平，有很高的应用价值。     

基于物联网和云平台技术的超低功耗多功能无线粮情测控系统设计的探讨

粮库的粮情测控系统从最先的功能单一、线缆布线方式逐步向无线测控发展,随着科技的进步,物联网和云平台技术的日趋成熟,基于物联网和云平台技术的超低功耗多功能无线粮情测控系统具备了实用性,进一步拓展了粮情测控系统的功能。对提升粮库的规范化、智能化、信息化建设水平具有重大意义。本文对基于物联网和云平台技术的超低功耗多功能无线粮情测控系统进行了探讨。     

减少储粮隐蔽性害虫损失的技术路径与研究

减少储粮隐蔽性害虫损失对更全方位地节粮减损具有重要意义。讨论了谷物储藏主要隐蔽性害虫及其危害,强调粮食入仓无虫粮应注意隐蔽性害虫的检测,及时杀虫处理。储粮一旦发现隐蔽性害虫,即使害虫密度远低于一般虫粮或基本无虫粮等级,也应尽快杀虫。低温、低水分和质量完好是减少隐蔽性害虫感染危害的重要途径。隐蔽性害虫检测可更早掌握害虫发生以利于早防治及避免进一步取食危害。现有隐蔽性害虫检测方法通常存在成本高、仪器复杂、操作费时、有些虫期检测难等问题,本文利用国家专利制成便携式二氧化碳检测仪循环取样检测二氧化碳气体浓度装置,大量测试证明其操作更加便捷,检测速度更快,灵敏度更高。据ISO 6639-4中整粒粮漂浮法进行改进,可通过小样样品(15粒)在5 min内判断样品隐蔽性害虫感染。     

Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts

Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l^?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10^?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed.     

Changes in Seed Yield and Quality with Maturity in Onion (Allium cepa L., cv. 'Early Cream Gold')

Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality.     

Location of a high-lysine gene and the DDT-resistance gene on barley chromosome 7

Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans.     

Simultaneous Determination of Four Phenolic Acids in Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Formula Granules by QAMS

[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol...     

Pollen and pollination experiments. III. The viability of apple and pear pollen as affected by irradiation and storage

Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed.     

Water Extraction Process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning

[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination...     

Present status and future strategy in breeding faba beans (Vicia Faba L.) for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses

Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses.     

Optimization of Extraction Technology and Determination of Content of Total Phenols of Leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms

[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho...     

Cytoplasmic male sterility,resistance to gall mite and mildew,and season of leafing out in black currants

Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F₁ hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf ₁) and recessive for the other (Rf ₂).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph ₃(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf ₁(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf ₁and Rf ₂were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf ₁, and 0.15 for Lf ₁-Sph ₃were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph ₃.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf ₁-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph ₃. Poor performance of lf ₁- (and possibly lf ₂-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off).     

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to parasitic angiosperms

Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques.