GA_3逆转乙烯利对黄瓜幼苗生长抑制效应的研究

本文研究了ＧＡ３逆转高浓度乙烯利抑制黄瓜幼苗生长的效应。ＧＡ３５×１０－６、１０×１０－６、２０×１０－６均能有效解除乙烯利对黄瓜幼苗生长产生的抑制作用，使受乙烯利胁迫的黄瓜幼苗外部形态和生长量接近于正常水平。     

乙烯利对黄瓜幼苗生长生育的影响及其与赤霉素（GA3）拮抗效应的初探

乙烯利是一种微效生长抑制剂，用５００ｐｐｍ处理黄瓜幼苗，使其茎的伸长，茎粗的增加和叶面积的扩展均受到严重抑制，茎叶，根干鲜重明显小于对照，经过乙烯利处理的黄瓜幼苗趋向于老化苗，用赤霉素喷叶处理老化苗，有效地逆转了乙烯利对幼苗形态的影响，使逆转苗更趋向于壮菌指标，在赤霉素的三种浓度中，１０ｐｐｍ的处理效果最好。     

龙眼授粉生物学研究

龙眼花粉萌发的适温为２０￣３０℃，添加２，４－Ｄ１０×１０＾－６￣２０×１０＾－６、ＧＡ３１５×１０＾－６￣３０×１０＾－６、ＮＡＡ２０×１０＾－６￣４０×１０＾－６，三十烷醇２×１０＾－６￣３×１０＾－６以及硼砂５０×１０＾－６￣２００×１０＾－６、钼酸铵１×１０＾－４￣５×１０＾－６，均可显著提高其花粉育性。龙眼授粉的有效时间为开花后１￣４天，以开花后２天内授粉着果率最高；授粉后５小时已有少量     

几种植物生长调节剂对葡萄果实大小品质的效应

对ＣＰＰＵ、ＧＡ３ＰＤＪ和Ｓ－ＡＢＡ等几中植物生长调节剂组合对葡萄果实大小和品质的影响进行了研究，结果表明：在盛花期前１０天ＧＡ３５０×１０＾－６配合盛花后１０天ＣＰＰＵ１０×１０＾－６和ＧＡ３１０×１０＾－６混合处理，增大白香蕉葡萄果穗和果粒重量的效果明显，同时增加了果实可溶性固形物含量和着色度。在盛花后１５天ＣＰＰＵ５×１０＾－６配合果实着色始期ＰＤＪ２５０×１０＾－６的处理，可明显增大藤稔葡     

无核枇杷生产技术研究

用２５０×１０＾－６,５００×１０＾－６和１０００×１０＾－６ＧＡ对“霸红”枇杷花穗进行喷雾均可诱导无核果实,花前处理效果好于其他时间处理。对ＧＡ诱导的无核枇杷幼果用ＣＰＰＵ＋ＧＡ处理可促进其膨大并减少脱落,多次使用效果更好。花后每月一次用３０×１０＾－６ＣＰＰＵ＋５００×１０＾－６ＧＡ喷雾４次获得了商品果大小的无核枇杷。     

乙烯利浸种对生姜增产效应的研究

本试验以不同浓度的乙烯利处理种姜，研究乙烯利对生姜发芽、植株生长的影响及增产效应，结果表明：２５０×１０－６～５００×１０－６为生姜浸种的适宜浓度，具有促进发芽、增加分枝、扩大叶面积和提高根茎产量的作用，一般比对照增产２０％以上。     

PP333对柠檬成花,花量及花质的影响

在四川重庆于１０月２３日和１１月３日对８年生枳砧尤力克柠檬用３００×１０＾－６，４５０×１０＾－６ＰＰ３３３进行叶面喷施，可极显著或显著地促进成花，提高花量和正常花的比例，对次年着果也有良好效果。     

乙烯利处理对黄瓜叶片生理活性及品质的影响

关于乙烯利在黄瓜上的应用研究，前人往往局限于调查雌花数多少、第1雌花节位高低、抑制徒长、提高产量等方面，而乙烯利对黄瓜叶片生理活性及品质的影响尚未见报道。本试验旨在通过选用不同浓度的乙烯利，在不同栽培环境下，对不同苗龄的黄瓜幼苗进行处理，以探讨乙烯利处理对黄瓜叶片生理活性、产品品质的影响，为黄瓜高产优质高效栽培提供依据。     

脐橙修剪及保果技术

脐橙修剪及保果技术１保果永安市在脐橙保果技术上有３种方法：一是在５月上旬对１～３级枝进行环剥保果，一般可比对照增加１倍的产量，不影响树势和第２年产量。二是在５～６月间喷布１５×１０－６２，４－Ｄ１～２次，或４０×１０－６～５０×１０－６九二○两次，夏...     

棚室黄瓜增产的几项措施

１．黄瓜幼苗生长到两片真叶时，喷浓度为２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ的乙烯利溶液，隔１周再喷一次，可使黄瓜增产８．８％～１３．５％。 ２．在黄瓜出苗后４０～５０天内，每天进行８ｈ左右的短日照处理，可促进雌花分化，增加雌花数量，从而增加产量。 ３．黄瓜幼苗喷施０．２％红糖液，可使秧苗粗壮，心叶快长。结瓜期喷施０．７５％～１％的红糖液，每天１次，可使瓜条直，产量高，口感好，并防治霜霉病。 ４．在黄瓜幼苗根部（不可太近以免烧根）或叶面撒施草木灰，１０天左右撤１次，共撒４～５次，既防病虫害，又能提高品质，一般增产１０％…     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.