Myocardial Bridges in Animals

Myocardial bridges in a number of different species is described and classified. In formulation of the classification special attention was given to the location, width, thickness of the muscular layer of the bridge and the number of commitant veins of the overbridged artery. Four types of myocardial bridges were recognized.     

AM真菌在白三叶-黑麦草体系中对抗逆信号的传导作用

白三叶-黑麦草混播草地是一种重要的栽培草地,丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)菌丝可以在地下形成菌丝桥,实现信号的传导。水杨酸(SA)、茉莉酸(JA)及乙烯(ET)是重要的植物信号介导物质。在温室条件下,利用AM真菌菌丝桥连接白三叶和多年生黑麦草,并用针刺处理模拟蚜虫取食,通过测定SA、JA等相关指标,研究菌丝桥连接的植物间抗逆信号的传导途径,为利用AM真菌提高植物抗逆性提供理论依据。结果表明,菌丝桥连接分别提高黑麦草地上生物量和总生物量9.97%和10.68%(P<0.05),而未影响白三叶的总生物量;黑麦草植株过氧化物酶(POD)活性在针刺后12 h降低了43.01%(P<0.05),白三叶POD酶活性升高了104.09%(P>0.05)。同时,菌丝桥连接使黑麦草和白三叶的SA浓度在针刺后12 h分别降低了12.99%(P>0.05)和24.18%(P<0.05),JA浓度分别升高了44.69%和79.32%(P<0.05)。综上,1)在白三叶-黑麦草体系中,AM真菌可通过菌丝桥,连接白三叶和黑麦草,实现养分再分配,进而促进黑麦草地上部分生长;2)在菌丝桥连接的情况下,当白三叶和黑麦草同时受到胁迫时,二者对胁迫响应不同;3)菌丝桥能够使植物对逆境胁迫做出更加快速的反应;4)菌丝桥可以在白三叶和多年生黑麦草之间传导抗逆性信号,且这个过程主要由JA介导。     

Distribution of myocardial bridges in domestic pig

Localisation and morphology of myocardial bridges in the heart of domestic pig remain an open issue. Since these structures significantly influence haemodynamics in the coronary arteries, their occurance may lead to numerous pathologies. In the examined group of 150 domestic pig's hearts, myocardial bridges were diagnosed in 47.3% of the material, mostly in males. In majority of cases the bridges were present above the posterior interventricular branch of the right coronary artery, less often above the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery, and seldom above other blood vessels. The presence of myocardial bridges usually referred to the medial and initial segments of the arteries examined.     

Myocardial bridges in domestic pig--morphological aspects

The morphology of myocardial bridges (MB) in the heart of the domestic pig remain an open issue. Despite numerous analyses of the subject, many controversies still exist. Opinions also differ when the influence of the MB on haemodynamic processes in the coronal vessel system is concerned. In the examined group of 150 domestic pig's hearts, the length of the detected MB varied from 1.8 to 39.7 mm while their thickness amounted to 0.8 - 4.7 mm. Both the longest and the thickest bridges were connected with the posterior interventricular branch. It was noticed that the MB muscle bands cross the long axis of the vessels located in the grooves mostly at almost a right angle. Three forms of perivascular space were educed using the criterion of the distance of the vessel from the surrounding muscularis externa.     

Scanning electron microscope study of the feather follicle wall attachment in chickens

1. A scanning electron microscope study showed indentations by the follicle wall cells into the feather shaft. In other areas altered cells or keratinised cell fragments form bridges which join the feather to the follicle.

2. In the early stage of growth the feather shaft is held in place by cell indentations, whereas later, bridges are seen which probably hold the feather more firmly.     

The pathogenesis of the lesions produced by Eimeria zuernii in calves.

The pathogenesis of the lesions caused by Eimeria zuernii in calves is described. The gross lesions and the development and resolution of the microscopic lesions of the large intestine are described in detail. The development of the first asexual generation causes few changes in the lower ileum. The second asexual generation and gametogony of E. zuernii appear to be the pathogenic stages of its development. It is during these stages of the life cycle that epithelium is lost, capillaries are exposed and that hemorrhage into the lumen of the large intestine occurs. Resolution of these lesions takes place in approximately ten days in calves which survivie.     

Taurine deficiency retinopathy in the cat

The literature on feline central retinal degeneration is reviewed and an experiment reported which investigates whether taurine is essential in cats fed a purified diet. The development of taurine deficiency retinopathy is described and illustrated. The histopathological, ultrastructural and ERG changes are also described. Other retinal degenerations in the cat are discussed.     

Prenatal development of the bovine lung

A light and electronmicroscopic study of the development of the bovine lung was conducted, using tissues from 60 abatoir collected fetuses of various ages. Standard categorical stages of development were used to classify development stages relative to fetal age. The sequencial development of the bovine lung is described and compared with that of other species in which similar studies have been made.     

世界动物卫生组织和食品法典委员会两种风险分析系统及其专业术语的比较

比较了世界动物卫生组织（OIE）法典中使用的Covello—Merkhofer系统和由美国国家科学院（USNAS）设计的Codex Alimentarius食品法典采用的风险分析系统及其专用术语的不同。     

Ultrastructural Aspects of the Prenatal Bovine Ovary Differentiation with a Special Focus on the Interstitial Cells

The aim of this investigation was to study the ultrastructural features during the development of fetal bovine ovaries (crown rump length ranging from 11.4 to 94.0 cm). An interesting observation was the occurrence of big elongated cells containing a variety of electron dense granules and light homogenous vacuoles/bodies. They were located between the stroma cells surrounding the germ cell cord ends, adjacent to the first formed primordial follicles, typically situated near blood vessels. ER alpha and ER beta receptor positive cells could be detected in the same regions by means of immunohistochemistry. Intercellular bridges linked the germ cells nests oogonia. Germ cell cords consisted of centrally located, large, pale oogonia, surrounded by elongated somatic cells with very long cytoplasm extensions. Primordial follicles with flat pale follicular cells could be observed on the inner end of the cords. Extrusions of the outer nuclear membrane could often been recognised in voluminous oocytes.     

Buying a property

Even in times of rapidly rising house prices it is unlikely that the full costs of buying and selling will be recouped if you resell under a year--especially if you have moved to another part of the country. While a newly qualified assistant should be considering the purchase of his own house as soon as practicable but he should beware the hazards such as contract races, gazumping , chains, bridges and unprofessional estate agents.     

Larval development of Sesarma catenate Ortmann (Brachyura,Grapsidae, Sesarminae) reared in the laboratory

Sesarma catenata larvae were raised in the laboratory and the development stages described in detail. Larval development comprises four zoea and one megalopa stage. Morphological features of the first zoea and megalopa stages of Sesarma catenata are compared with those of other Sesarminae species described in the literature. The genera Sesarma, Metasesarma, and Bresedium appear to be closely related taxa within the subfamily. The diagnostic value of some features of larval morphology is briefly discussed.     

Aural carcinoma with chondroid metaplasia at metastatic sites in a dog

A case of aural carcinoma with chondroid metaplasia at metastatic foci in an 8-year-old male pug is described. Multiple metastases in both lungs and the right submandibular, parotid, retropharyngeal, cervical and prescapular lymph nodes were detected. Histologically, the skin of the right ear canal appeared to be diffusely infiltrated by cords and nests of neoplastic epithelial cells, showing multifocal contiguity with the overlying hyperplastic squamous epithelium. Most of the carcinomatous cells were arranged in a glandular-like pattern, with formation of lumens containing epithelial cells attached to the peripheral cell layer by elongated intercellular bridges. Scattered foci of keratinization with central accumulations of compact, laminated keratin were also observed, and histochemical stains failed to detect mucinous secretory material. Even though histological and histochemical findings were compatible with a diagnosis of acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma, CAM5.2 immunostaining was detectable in the majority, although not all, neoplastic cells, confirming a diagnosis of poorly differentiated ceruminous gland carcinoma. Pulmonary metastatic nodules revealed multifocal areas of cartilaginous metaplasia with apparent transition of carcinomatous cells to chondroid cells, showing nuclear atypia and focal cytokeratin immunostaining. Carcinomatous cells surrounding chondroid areas also revealed focal vimentin and S100 immunoreactivity. Histological evidence of transition between the two components, as well as the presence of intermediate cells displaying both epithelial and mesenchymal immunohistochemical features, strongly indicated a final diagnosis of carcinosarcoma, in which chondrosarcomatous elements were derived from carcinoma cells.     

海南省火龙果产业发展形势及发展建议

热带水果是海南国际旅游岛建设的一张名片。火龙果种植是热带果树产业近年来发展的新、特、优、高项目。本文主要针对海南省火龙果产业发展形势,提出发展建议,为海南省火龙果产业发展提供指导。     

An experimental sod seeder

The design and development of an efficient sod‐seeder for the Ngongoni Veld of Natal is described.     

微卫星DNA在牛亲子鉴定方面的研究进展

微卫星DNA因具有长度多态性这一特点,而被广泛应用于个体的亲子鉴定。作者概述了微卫星DNA在牛亲子鉴定方面的研究进展及发展趋势。     

Criteria for the appointment for a full professorship in the course of history at the School of Veterinary Medicine of Dresden/Leipzig

First the history of the appointment for a full professorship is described in the various stages of development of the School of Veterinary Medicine Dresden. Then the significance of the habilitation degree introduced in 1903 is discussed in terms of the development of the School of Veterinary Medicine Dresden and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Leipzig, respectively. Commentary follows on the current discussion about the discontinuation of further development of the habilitation and possible alternatives to it, the Ph.D. and the assistant professorship.     

Summer lesion syndrome in salmon: a retrospective study

The factors involved in the development of 'summer lesion syndrome' were studied on 13 salmon farms based in the coastal waters of the west of Ireland. The primary causal factor in the development of the syndrome appeared to be overexposure to solar ultraviolet radiation. The pathology of the condition is described, the predisposing and reinforcing factors are considered and a hypothesis for the cause of the syndrome is proposed.     

Microsurgery: An Update for the Veterinary Profession

The history of microsurgery is reviewed and the development of instruments and suture materials briefly described. The implementation of microsurgical techniques to the human operating theater is detailed and the potential role of microtechniques in veterinary surgery projected.