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黄芪对半滑舌鳎非特异免疫活性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
试验使用单因素3重复试验方法,第1组为对照组,其余3组为试验组,每试验组设3个重复,每个重复15尾鱼。依据半滑舌鳎的营养需求配制适合其生长发育的基础饵料,同时将20、40、60 g黄芪分别熬制药液,分别添加至一定量的基础饵料中配制成免疫饵料。半滑舌鳎暂养为15 d,期间投喂基础饵料;免疫试验时间为30 d,期间对照组投喂基础饵料,试验组投喂免疫饵料。通过对半滑舌鳎血清溶菌酶活性、白细胞吞噬百分比、吞噬指数和免疫器官(脾脏)指数的研究,来探讨黄芪作为饲料添加剂的可行性及适宜用量。结果表明,在试验时间内,添加中草药黄芪对半滑舌鳎的非特异免疫活性有明显的提高作用,用60 g黄芪熬制浓缩液与基础饵料制成的免疫饵料对半滑舌鳎非特异免疫活性的提高效果最好。 相似文献
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使用单因素3重复试验方法,第1组为对照组,其他3组为试验组,每试验组设3个重复,每重复15尾鱼.依据半滑舌鳎的营养需求配制适合其生长发育的基础饵料,同时将20、40和60 g黄芩分别熬制药液,分别按一定量添加基础饵料中配制成免疫饵料.半滑舌鳎暂养15 d,期间投喂基础饵料;试验时间30 d,对照组投喂基础饵料,试验组投喂免疫饵料.通过对半滑舌鳎血清溶菌酶活性、白细胞吞噬百分比、吞噬指数和免疫器官(脾)指数的研究,探讨黄芩作为饲料添加剂的可行性及适宜用量.结果表明:在试验时间内,添加中草药黄芩对半滑舌鳎的非特异免疫活性有明显的提高作用,用60 g黄芩熬制浓缩液与基础饵料制成的免疫饵料对半滑舌鳎非特异免疫活性的提高效果最好. 相似文献
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本试验旨在探讨鱼腥草熬制浓缩液作为半滑舌鳎饲料添加剂的可行性及适宜用量。采用单因素试验设计,设对照组1个,试验组3个,每组3个重复,每个重复15尾鱼;依据半滑舌鳎的营养需求配制适合其生长发育的基础饵料,同时将20、40、60 g鱼腥草分别熬制为浓缩液,分别添加至一定量的基础饵料中配制成免疫饵料;半滑舌鳎暂养为15 d,各组均投喂基础饵料;免疫试验时间为30 d,对照组投喂基础饵料,试验组投喂免疫饵料。对半滑舌鳎血清溶菌酶活性、白细胞吞噬百分比、吞噬指数和免疫器官(脾脏)指数进行研究。结果表明,半滑舌鳎的血清溶菌酶活性、白细胞吞噬百分比及吞噬指数均有显著增高(P<0.05),免疫器官指数无显著变化(P>0.05)。因此,用鱼腥草熬制浓缩液作为半滑舌鳎饲料添加剂是可行的,其中用60 g鱼腥草熬制成的浓缩液与基础饵料制成的免疫饵料,可显著提高半滑舌鳎非特异免疫活性。 相似文献
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采用单因素6水平3重复的试验方法,通过探讨半滑舌鳎体表黏液溶菌酶(LSZ)、过氧化物酶(POD)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)等对黄芪多糖(APS)的免疫应答情况,确定APS对半滑舌鳎体表黏液免疫力的作用效果及其发挥作用的最佳剂量。结果表明,半滑舌鳎体表黏液的非特异性免疫活性对低剂量APS(300~600 mg/kg)的免疫应答表现为随APS添加剂量的增加而增强,对中高剂量的APS(900~1 800 mg/kg)的免疫应答则表现为随APS添加剂量的增加,达到较好免疫效果的时间就越早,随后则表现为较为强烈的抑制作用,且与APS的添加剂量呈正相关。可见,APS对半滑舌鳎体表黏液非特异免疫活性具有改善、增强亦或抑制的作用。从节约饵料成本与增强半滑舌鳎体表黏液非特异免疫活性的角度来看,半滑舌鳎人工配合饵料中添加APS最佳剂量应为600 mg/kg。 相似文献
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采用单因素6水平3重复的试验方法,通过探讨半滑舌鳎肠黏液溶菌酶(LSZ)、过氧化物酶(POD)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)等对黄芪多糖(APS)的免疫应答情况,确定APS对半滑舌鳎肠黏液免疫力的作用效果以及其发挥作用的较佳剂量。结果显示,半滑舌鳎肠黏液的非特异性免疫活性对低剂量APS(300 mg/kg或600 mg/kg)的免疫应答表现为随黄芪多糖(APS)添加剂量的增加而增强,对中高剂量的APS(900 mg/kg≤APS≤1 800 mg/kg)的免疫应答则表现为随APS添加剂量的增加,其达到较好免疫效果的时间越早,随后则表现为较为强烈的抑制作用,且与APS的添加剂量呈正相关。可见,APS对半滑舌鳎肠黏液非特异免疫活性在低剂量时具有改善和增强的作用,而较高剂量也会有抑制作用。从节约成本与增强半滑舌鳎肠黏液非特异免疫活性的角度来看,半滑舌鳎人工配合饵料中添加APS的较佳剂量应为600 mg/kg。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2020,(8)
试验选用初重(104±8.9)g半滑舌鳎600尾,随机分3个处理组,每组设4重复,每重复半滑舌鳎50尾,分别投喂不同脂肪含量颗粒饲料和杂鱼,试验期121 d。结果表明:投喂杂鱼可显著提高半滑舌鳎生长的终末体重(FBW)、增重率(WG)、特定生长率(SGR)及饲料系数(FCR)(P0.05),其蛋白质效率(PER)显著低于两种含量不同的颗粒饲料组(P0.05)。低脂含量的颗粒饲料(RQ)进行投喂的半滑舌鳎肝体指数(HSI)、脏体指数(VSI)和肥满度(CF)显著低于杂鱼和高脂含量颗粒饲料(CX)投喂组(P0.05)。综上所述,投喂杂鱼可以提高半滑舌鳎生长性能。用低脂肪含量的颗粒饲料进行投喂,既能节省其饵料利用率,又能使养成阶段的半滑舌鳎健康生产。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究3种益生菌复合发酵半滑舌鳎配合饵料的最适比例及时间。试验以半滑舌鳎配合饵料为底物,菌种总接种量为3%,35℃下进行酿酒酵母菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和植物乳杆菌的发酵处理,对照组未接种任何菌种。选取健康、平均体重(80.27±0.19) g的半滑舌鳎300尾,随机分为2组,每组3个重复,每重复50尾鱼。对照组半滑舌鳎饲喂配合饵料,试验组在配合饵料中添加10%发酵饵料(按照优化试验所得最适条件发酵饵料)。试验期56 d。结果显示,发酵后各组发酵饵料的活菌数均提高十万倍左右,3种菌种混合发酵效果显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。酿酒酵母菌∶枯草芽孢杆菌∶植物乳杆菌以1∶3∶2的比例发酵第5 d时发酵效果最优。与对照组相比,试验组半滑舌鳎体增重与特定生长率均显著提高(P<0.05)。研究表明,半滑舌鳎全价饵料在35℃下,以酿酒酵母菌∶枯草芽孢杆菌∶植物乳杆菌=1∶3∶2比例发酵5 d的效果较好,且发酵饵料可促进半滑舌鳎生长,提高饵料利用率。 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料.饲料世界》2017,(5)
在饲料中添加定量的黄芪多糖,探讨黄芪多糖对杂交鲌的免疫调节作用。用添加不同含量黄芪多糖的饲料,连续投喂杂交鲌30 d,测定试验鱼的增重、血清凝集抗体效价、溶菌酶的活性、谷丙转氨酶的活性、血清总蛋白含量和白细胞吞噬活性。进行攻毒嗜水气单胞菌活菌的复感染试验,测定相对免疫保护率。结果显示添加黄芪多糖的饲料投喂杂交鲌生长速度较对照组稍快;试验组鱼体的溶菌酶活性和白细胞吞噬活性,比对照组鱼体均有所提高;谷丙转氨酶活性的检测结果表明试验组鱼体的肝功能有所改善;对嗜水气单胞菌的抵抗能力,与空白对照组相比有所增强。说明黄芪多糖对杂交鲌免疫机能具有调节作用。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献