植物多糖对肠道健康保护作用的研究进展

植物多糖是一类生物活性物质,具有一定保健作用。近年来,人们关于植物多糖对肠道健康的作用开展了广泛的研究。植物多糖可通过改善肠道组织形态、维护肠道屏障完整性、增强免疫反应以及调节肠道菌群等,使得肠道内部环境处于良好状态。通过查阅近几年的文献,该文就植物多糖对肠道健康的保护作用与机制进行综述,为推进植物多糖的研究和应用提供理论支持。     

黄芪多糖、牛膝多糖和芦荟多糖对畜禽的免疫调节作用

多糖广泛存在于动物、植物和微生物（细菌和真菌）中，来自天然植物的植物多糖，具有无毒、无副作用、无残留等优点，因而受到人们广泛的关注。研究表明，植物多糖具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗感染、延缓衰老、提高机体免疫力等多种生理活性，广泛应用于医学研究和人类保健。[第一段]     

植物多糖对动物肠道免疫功能影响

作者综述了近年来植物多糖对肠道结构、功能的影响方面的研究进展．为明确植物多糖调控肠道免疫功能的机制,寻求有效的调控手段来维持肠道最佳免疫状态提供参考。     

植物多糖对动物肠道免疫功能影响的研究进展

作者综述了近年来植物多糖对肠道结构、功能的影响方而的研究进展,为明确植物多糖调控肠适免疫功能的机制,寻求有效的调控手段来维持肠适最佳兔疫状态提供参考。     

影响猪肉肉质的植物饲料添加剂研究进展

为适应人们对安全美味肉品的需求,文章总结了最近5年应用于猪生产改善肉质的植物的试验结果.研究表明,应用于猪生产可改善肉质的天然植物可分为药用植物、可食用植物、经济用植物三大类.天然植物可通过改善风味氨基酸组成、增加多不饱和脂肪酸含量而改善肉的风味和嫩度.植物中的活性成分可通过改善肌肉组织的抗氧化能力而改善肉质,降低滴水...     

植物多糖抗肿瘤作用研究进展

随着人类平均寿命的延长,恶性肿瘤已成为威胁人类生命健康最常见的疾病之一,抗肿瘤药物的研究已经成为国内外医学领域的研究热点。研究表明,植物多糖是潜在的新型抗肿瘤药物资源,因此,其抗肿瘤作用机制是目前该领域研究的重点。本文首先对几种植物多糖抗肿瘤活性相关研究进展作简要阐述,并列举出植物多糖常见的几种抗肿瘤机制,以期为抗肿瘤药物的开发以及恶性肿瘤的治疗提供新的理论依据。目前,对于恶性肿瘤的治疗主要依赖于化学药物。然而大部分抗肿瘤化学药物在杀死肿瘤细胞的同时,亦导致机体免疫力下降。因此,寻找并开发高效低毒的天然抗肿瘤药物具有重要意义。研究发现,植物多糖具有抗肿瘤、免疫调节等多种生物学活性且对人体毒副作用相对较小,灵芝多糖、黄芪多糖等已被成功应用于癌症的治疗。笔者就近年来几种常规植物多糖抗肿瘤作用及植物多糖抗肿瘤机制研究进展综述如下。     

植物源中草药饲料添加剂作用效果研究进展

植物源中草药具有资源丰富、天然性、副作用小等特点,可作为饲料添加剂应用于畜禽生产。随着全面禁抗政策的实施,中草药饲料添加剂在畜禽养殖中的应用日益广泛。文章综述了植物源中草药饲料添加剂在提高畜禽生长性能、改善畜禽肠道菌群和提高抗病毒能力等方面的作用效果,为科学合理规范地将中草药饲料添加剂应用到在畜禽实际生产中提供理论指导。     

植物多糖改善肠道健康的作用机制及甘草多糖在生产上的应用

植物多糖可以与肠道菌群相互作用,通过调节肠道菌群、代谢物和肠道组织形态改善动物健康状态。甘草多糖作为植物多糖的一种,具有抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、抗病毒、免疫调节等生物活性作用。动物试验发现甘草多糖能够改善动物肠道健康,促进采食,提升生产性能及免疫功能。文章主要就多糖改善肠道健康的作用机制、甘草多糖的化学结构与在动物生产中的应用三个方面进行综述,为促进甘草多糖应用、开发甘草多糖在畜禽营养中的潜在价值提供参考。     

植物性添加剂对肠道调控作用的研究进展

畜禽养殖业特别是反刍动物对新型饲料添加剂的需求越来越高,植物次生代谢产物和提取物逐渐引起人们的关注,但关于其对反刍动物瘤胃发酵、甲烷产生及生产性能影响的研究较少。本综述的目的是提供有关植物提取物和次生代谢产物的现有研究数据,探讨其作为添加剂对胃肠道功能的调节作用。     

植物性饲料添加剂在畜禽生产中的应用

植物性饲料添加剂（Phytogenic Feed Additives,PFA）随着近年来畜禽养殖现状的发展,使用量与使用范围有较大幅度增加,但在具体应用中由于使用产品品种和方法不同,差异较大。文章就植物性饲料添加剂（Phytogenic Feed Additives,PFA）在畜禽生产中的一些应用效果作简单介绍,为畜禽生产中合理使用PFA提供参考。     

植物性饲料添加剂在断奶仔猪养殖上的应用

断奶仔猪养殖是养猪生产中比较重要的阶段,为养猪业者所重视。随着近年来猪养殖现状的发展,植物源性产品在断奶仔猪养殖中的使用有较大幅度增加,但随产品不同而具体效果存在不同,差异较大。本文就植物性饲料添加剂（Phytogenic Feed Additives,PFA）在断奶仔猪养殖中的使用状况作出简单介绍,为断奶仔猪养殖中合理使用PFA提供基础数据。     

Growth and parameters of microflora in intestinal and faecal samples of piglets due to application of a phytogenic feed additive

A commercial phytogenic feed additive (PFA), containing the fructopolysaccharide inulin, an essential oil mix (carvacrol, thymol), chestnut meal (tannins) and cellulose powder as carrier substance, was examined for effects on growth and faecal and intestinal microflora of piglets. Two experiments (35 days) were conducted, each with 40 male castrated weaned piglets. In experiment 1, graded levels of the PFA were supplied (A1: control; B1: 0.05% PFA; C1: 0.1% PFA; D1: 0.15% PFA) in diets based on wheat, barley, soybean meal and fish meal with lysine as the limiting amino acid. In experiment 2, a similar diet with 0.1% of the PFA (A2: control; B2: 0.1% PFA; C2: +0.35% lysine; D2: 0.1% PFA + 0.35% lysine) and lysine supplementation was utilized. During experiment 1, no significant effect of the PFA on growth, feed intake and feed conversion rate was observed (p > 0.05). Lysine supplementation in experiment 2 improved growth performance significantly, but no significant effect of the PFA was detected. Microbial counts in faeces (aerobes, Gram negatives, anaerobes and lactobacilli) during the first and fifth week did not indicate any significant PFA effect (p > 0.05). In addition, microflora in intestinal samples was not significantly modified by supplementing the PFA (p > 0.05). Lysine supplementation indicated lysine as limiting amino acid in the basal diet, but did not influence the microbial counts in faeces and small intestine respectively.     

植物提取物对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、猪肉品质及抗氧化能力的影响

本试验旨在研究植物提取物对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉品质及猪肉抗氧化能力的影响。选用20头体重相近[(83.75±5.83 kg)]的PIC猪,随机分为对照组(基础日粮)和试验组(基础日粮中额外添加0.04%植物提取物),每个处理5个重复,每个重复2头猪。结果表明,两组间育肥猪采食量、日增重、料肉比和胴体性状差异不显著(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组肉色a*45min值显著提高(P<0.05),L*96 h值极显著降低(P<0.01);4℃下储存0、3 d和7 d猪肉,试验组肉样中丙二醛(MDA)的含量显著降低,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05)。因此,饲粮中添加植物提取物有利于储存中猪肉品质的改善。     

No impact of a phytogenic feed additive on digestion and unspecific immune reaction in piglets

Two 35 day experiments were conducted to examine the influence of a commercial phytogenic feed additive (PFA) on nutrient digestibility and unspecific immune reaction of piglets in the post-weaning period. The PFA composition was inulin, an essential oil mix (carvacrol and thymol), chestnut meal (tannins), and cellulose powder as carrier substance. In each experiment, immediately after weaning 40 male castrated piglets were divided into four experimental groups (n = 10). Diets were based on wheat, barley, soy bean meal and fishmeal using lysine as the first limiting amino acid. In experiment 1, graded levels of the PFA were supplied (A: control; B: 0.05% PFA; C: 0.1% PFA; D: 0.15% PFA). Experiment 2 utilized equal diets with 0.1% of the PFA, but different lysine supply (A: control; B: 0.1% PFA; C: +0.35% lysine; D: 0.1% PFA + 0.35% lysine). At the end of the experimental period, acute phase proteins (APPs) haptoglobin and C-reactive protein were examined in individual blood plasma samples. Following each growth study, 16 animals (n = 4) were taken for sampling of ileal chyme and assessing of praecaecal digestibility of protein and amino acids. In addition, digesta samples of the duodenum and the total pancreatic tissue were utilized for determining the enzyme activity of alpha-amylase and trypsin. APP, praecaecal digestibility and enzyme activities did not significantly respond to the PFA supplementaion in diets.     

植物提取物饲料添加剂的活性成分和功能

植物提取物饲料添加剂提供对动物和人类的生命功能、营养代谢、生命活力和产品品质十分重要的微量营养成分,包括类胡萝卜素、天然色素、辣素、天然多糖、多酚包括有抗菌活性的香芹酚和百里香酚、肉桂醛、植物精油、牛至油、丝兰提取物、大豆异黄酮、杜仲叶提取物、基因营养素等,它们形成肉蛋奶鱼色香味的风味物质、生物活性成分、功能性营养。植物提取物在饲料饲养中正在发挥重要功能和作用,市场需求强烈,应用前景广阔。     

Fumaric and sorbic acid as additives in broiler feed

The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of dietary organic acids, fumaric and sorbic, on nitrogen corrected apparent metabolisable energy (AME(N)), metabolisability of nutrients, endogenous losses and performance on young broiler chickens. A total of 56 male Ross broilers were used in a growing experiment from 14 to 30d age. Seven experimental wheat-based (655g/kg) diets were formulated. The control diet did not contain organic acids. The other six diets were produced with the addition of fumaric or sorbic acids, replacing 0.5% , 1.0% or 1.5% of the wheat. The organic acid supplemented diets contained higher levels of AME(N) compared to the control diet. Overall, birds offered organic acids had lower feed intake. Dietary organic acids did not significantly affect weight gain or feed efficiency, however, birds offered supplemented diets had lower numbers of Lactic acid bacteria and Coliforms in the ileum and caeca. Birds offered organic acids had lower levels of endogenous losses compared to control fed birds. There was a negative relationship between AME(N) of the diets and excreted endogenous losses, measured as sialic acid. It can be concluded that the decrease in secretions from the gastrointestinal tract in the presence of fumaric and sorbic acids may be a mechanism involved in the mode of action of dietary organic acids.     

茶多酚作为饲料添加剂在猪生产中的应用

茶叶中主要的活性物质茶多酚具有优异的抗氧化、抑菌、抗癌等生物学功能,作为饲料添加剂具有无毒、无害、无残留等优点,在养殖生产中有良好的应用效果。本文主要综述了茶多酚作为饲料添加剂在猪生产中的应用现状。