Catalase in the heat-induced chilling tolerance of cold-stored hybrid Fortune mandarin fruits

Hybrid Fortune mandarins developed chilling injury (CI) upon cold storage, unless the fruits were conditioned at 37 degrees C for 3 days before they were held at low temperature. This heat treatment induced 2.5-, 1.2-, and 1.4-fold increases in the activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), respectively, and reduced the activity of glutathione reductase (GR). The differences in the activities afforded by the heat treatment were, in general, maintained during cold storage. However, SOD levels in nonconditioned Fortune fruits exhibiting CI were similar to those of conditioned fruits stored for 0 or 6 weeks at 2 degrees C. No difference between APX activity in the conditioned and nonconditioned fruits stored for 6 weeks at 2 degrees C was found. The data indicate that CAT may be a major antioxidant enzyme operating in the heat-induced chilling tolerance of cold-stored Fortune mandarin fruits.     

CO2激光与外源NO对低温胁迫小麦的防护效应

以冬小麦‘小堰22号’为试验材料,研究了CO2激光与外源一氧化氮(NO)复合作用对低温胁迫(4℃)下小麦幼苗自由基双氧水(H2O2)、超氧阴离子(O2?)浓度,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性,一氧化氮(NO)及蛋白质含量,及幼苗生长发育的影响。结果表明:与单独低温胁迫相比,外源NO处理后低温胁迫和CO2激光处理后低温胁迫都显著降低了H2O2和O2?浓度,提高了SOD、CAT、POD、APX、NOS活性,NO和蛋白质含量,促进幼苗生长发育。外源NO处理后再进行CO2激光辐射,虽然可以降低低温胁迫下幼苗H2O2和O2?浓度,提高SOD、CAT、POD、APX、NOS活性及NO和蛋白质浓度,促进幼苗生长发育,但其保护效应明显低于外源NO处理后低温胁迫和CO2激光处理后低温胁迫的效果。上述结果说明,NO对低温胁迫的防护效应优于NO和CO2激光复合处理。因此,建议在农业生产中单独采用NO处理或者CO2激光处理,可以促进农作物对低温胁迫的抗性。     

Accumulation of cadmium in growing peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seedlings—Its effect on lipid peroxidation and on the antioxidative enzymes catalase and guaiacol peroxidase

In plants exposed to high metal concentrations, mechanisms to counteract the oxidative burst are crucial for its survival. To investigate the temporal sequence of physiological reactions of peanut seedlings (Arachis hypogaea L.) to cadmium exposure, seeds were cultured in increasing concentrations of CdCl₂, ranging from 50 to 300 μM. Germination frequency was scored, and the distributions of Cd in root, stem, and leaves were determined after 2 and 4 weeks of culture. Lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidative enzymes including catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX; EC 1.11.1.7) were estimated in these three parts of the plant. Germination of seedlings was not affected, but the growth of seedlings was severely suppressed with increasing concentrations of CdCl₂ and incubation period. Pattern of Cd distribution in the three organs varied with concentration and period of exposure to Cd. Increased lipid peroxidation was detected in all parts of the developing seedlings with increasing metal accumulation. Catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activity varied in the three parts of the seedlings with concentration of Cd and incubation period. Guaiacol peroxidase activity appears to be more active in scavenging the reactive oxygen species in developing peanut seedlings. The results of the present experiment demonstrate the advantages of a tissue‐culture model system in studying the complex network of interactions of various factors in stress tolerance.     

Influence of EDTA and citric acid on lead-induced oxidative stress to Vicia faba roots

Purpose

In spite of substantial advancement in recent past, the role of metal speciation in assessing biogeochemical behaviour of Pb is still topical. Organic ligands are capable to modify Pb speciation in nutrient/soil solution and in turn its soil–plant transfer and toxicity. In this sense, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic ligands on Pb-induced oxidative stress to Vicia faba roots.

Materials and methods

V. faba seedlings grown to controlled hydroponic system were treated with 5 μM Pb as lead nitrate in the presence and absence of organic ligands viz ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid (CA) for 1, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The chemical speciation of Pb (percent free and chelated Pb) in nutrient solution in the presence and absence of organic ligands was calculated using Visual Minteq speciation model. The effect of chemical speciation on Pb-induced oxidative stress to V. faba roots was investigated using plant enzymatic antioxidative system [superoxide dismutases (SOD), guaiacol peroxidise (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), and catalase (CAT)]. The antioxidant enzymes activities were determined using ultraviolet spectrophotometer.

Results and discussion

The activities of SOD, GPX, APX, and GR significantly increased whereas that of CAT decreased in V. faba roots under Pb alone treatment. Lead-induced increase/decrease in antioxidant enzymes activities was not linear but varies with treatment exposure time. EDTA dose dependently inhibited Pb-induced changes in antioxidant enzymes activities. However, CA did not cause any significant change in Pb-induced variation in antioxidant enzymes activities, but delayed or slightly reduced the Pb effect.

Conclusions

The present study suggested that physiological responses of V. faba roots to Pb toxicity vary with applied Pb form and duration of exposure. EDTA can inhibit Pb-induced toxicity to V. faba seedlings by forming stable Pb-EDTA complexes due to its high binding strength for Pb. However, CA had no effect on Pb-induced toxicity to V. faba roots due to weak complexation with Pb.     

辐照对地被菊种子的生长效应

研究不同剂量60Co γ射线辐照(10～50Gy)对地被菊种子发芽及相关生理指标的影响.结果发现:30Gy以上辐照剂量显著降低种子发芽率和幼苗成活率;随着辐照剂量的增加,20Gy以上剂量辐照造成了幼苗丙二醛(MDA)含量和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的显著升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性也呈升高趋...     

小麦幼苗对氧乐果胁迫的生理学响应

通过溶液培养研究了不同浓度(0、0.1、1.0、5.0和10.0 g/L)氧乐果处理后小麦幼苗叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量、可溶性糖含量及保护酶活性的动态变化。结果表明:在氧乐果胁迫下,高浓度的氧乐果(5.0和10.0 g/L)处理显著降低了小麦幼苗的叶绿素含量和类胡萝卜素含量,且随着处理时间的延长其差异尤为显著;小麦叶片中可溶性糖含量随着氧乐果浓度和处理天数的增加而显著增加。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性均先上升后下降;抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性在0.1 g/L氧乐果处理的第1d时略有上升,然后下降。小麦响应氧乐果胁迫并上调SOD、POD、CAT等保护酶的活性和可溶性糖的含量,降低叶片光合作用,籍此维持小麦免受低浓度氧乐果的胁迫以维持小麦的正常生长;但高浓度氧乐果处理对小麦根系产生了明显的毒害作用,致使5.0 g/L氧乐果胁迫的小麦根系SOD、POD、CAT活性显著下降。APX和GR可能在低浓度氧乐果处理初期起主要保护作用,而在高浓度氧乐果胁迫下则受到明显抑制作用。     

NaCl 胁迫下外源壳聚糖对菜用大豆叶绿体抗氧化系统的影响

【目的】 叶绿体是植物体产生活性氧 (ROS)、且对盐最敏感的细胞器,本试验研究了外源壳聚糖对 NaCl 胁迫下菜用大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merr.]叶绿体内抗氧化系统的影响,以期探讨壳聚糖对 NaCl 胁迫下光合作用的调节机制。 【方法】 试验于 2014 年 4 月至 6 月在内蒙古民族大学试验基地日光温室内进行。采用蛭石栽培,选用菜用大豆盐敏感品种 ‘理想高产 95-1’ (LX)、耐盐品种‘绿领特早’ (LL)为试材。试验设 4 个处理:1) 叶面喷洒清水,根部浇灌营养液 (对照);2) 叶面喷洒壳聚糖溶液,根部浇灌营养液;3) 叶面喷洒清水,根部浇灌溶有 NaCl 的营养液;4) 叶面喷洒壳聚糖溶液,根部浇灌溶有 NaCl 的营养液。 【结果】 外源壳聚糖显著降低了 NaCl 胁迫下两品种菜用大豆叶绿体 H₂O₂的含量,显著提高了过氧化物酶 (POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶 (APX）、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶 (MDHAR)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPX)活性以及胁迫中期还原型抗坏血酸 (AsA)、还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH)含量;与盐敏感品种 LX 相比,耐盐品种 LL 在胁迫 6～15 d 期间维持了相对较低的 H₂O₂含量,相对较高的 DHAR 活性及 AsA 含量,在整个胁迫期间维持了相对较高的 APX、GR、GPX 活性,在胁迫后期(12 d、15 d)维持了相对较高的 GSH 含量。 【结论】 外源壳聚糖对 NaCl 胁迫下菜用大豆叶绿体内 POD 活性及 AsA-GSH 循环产生了显著诱导作用,但对不同品种的诱导效果不同,耐盐品种 LL 的 AsA-GSH 循环维持了相对较强的活性氧清除能力,这可能是其维持较强光合能力,进而维持较旺盛生长的重要原因之一。      

Growth and antioxidant responses in mustard (Brassica juncea L.) plants subjected to combined effect of gibberellic acid and salinity

The effects of salt stress on plant growth parameters, lipid peroxidation and some antioxidant enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7), glutathione reductase (GR; EC EC 1.6.4.2) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) activity] were studied in the leaves of mustard. Plants were exposed to two different concentrations of NaCl stress (100 and 150 mM) for 45 days and were sprayed with GA₃ (75 ml pot^?1, conc. 75 mg l^?1) once a week. Salt stress resulted in decrease in the growth and biomass yield of mustard but the exogenous application of GA₃ enhanced these parameters significantly. Application of GA₃ counteracted the adverse effects of NaCl salinity on relative water content, electrolyte leakage and chlorophyll (Chl) content. GA₃ was sufficient to attenuate partially the stimulatory effect of NaCl supply on proline and glycinebetaine biosynthesis. GA₃ reduced lipid peroxidation in the leaves, which was increased during salt stress. The activity of all the antioxidant enzymes was increased significantly during salt stress in mustard. The exogenous application of GA₃ decreased the enzyme activity. The results of the present study indicate that usage of GA₃ reduces the harmful effects of salinity and increases resistance to salinity in mustard plant.     

The Effect of Cadmium Toxicity and Silicon Supplementation on the Activity of Antioxidative Enzymes and the Concentration of Zinc and Iron in Hydroponically Grown Cucumber

Two cucumber cultivars (Cucumis sativus L.) exposed to three cadmium (Cd) concentrations (0, 1, and 5 μM) were supplemented or un-supplemented with silicon (Si) (1 mM). Exposure to 1 μM Cd had no effect on shoot and root dry mass, whereas exposure to 5 μM Cd significantly reduced plant growth. Addition of Si stimulated the growth of Cd-treated cucumber. Exposure to 5 μM Cd significantly increased shoot Cd concentration and decreased iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentration. Plants supplied with Si had lower Cd and higher Zn and Fe compared with unsupplied plants. Exposure to Cd resulted in a higher production of malondialdehyde (MDA). Si nutrition partly ameliorated lipid peroxidation induced by Cd toxicity. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) decreased, whereas ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity increased in response to 5 μM Cd. Induction of APX activity might play an important role in the response of cucumber to Cd toxicity.     

棉花幼苗AsA-GSH循环对低温胁迫的响应机制研究

为探究棉花幼苗营养器官抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(AsA-GSH)循环系统对低温胁迫的响应机制,以新陆早57号为试验材料,研究4℃低温胁迫不同时间(0、1和2 d)对根、茎和叶中抗氧化物质含量和酶活性的影响。结果表明,与对照(0 d)相比,随着低温胁迫时间延长,棉花幼苗根中还原型抗坏血酸(AsA)含量及单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性呈上升趋势,氧化型抗坏血酸(DHA)含量先减少后增加,氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量和脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)活性先升高后降低,谷胱甘肽氧化还原状态(GSH/GSSG比率)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性总体呈下降趋势,抗坏血酸氧化还原状态(AsA/DHA比率)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活性无显著性差异;茎和叶中AsA和GSH含量、AsA/DHA比率及APX、MDHAR和GR活性总体呈上升趋势,且茎中DHAR活性升高,DHA和GSSG含量先减少后增加,GSH/GSSG比率和GPX活性无显著性差异,而叶中DHA含量和GSH/GSSG比率先不变后增加,DHAR活性先升高后降低,GSSG含量和GPX活性无显著性差异。综合分析显示,棉花幼苗通过调节根、茎和叶中抗氧化物质含量和酶活性来清除活性氧,从而适应低温胁迫,减轻低温伤害。此外,低温对根中AsA-GSH循环影响最大。本研究结果为揭示低温胁迫对棉花幼苗AsA-GSH循环代谢机制提供了理论依据。     

Heat shocks increase the chilling tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa) seedling radicles

The growth of rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. M202) seedling radicles, initially 10 +/- 1 mm long, was linear for the 96 h it took them to grow to 150 mm at 25 degrees C. Exposure to 5 degrees C for 24 h reduced the rate of growth by about 50%, and longer exposures caused a progressive reduction in growth. Initial radicle length significantly affected chilling sensitivity: with 2 days at 5 degrees C inhibiting growth at 25 degrees C by 23% for 1-mm radicles, 63% for 10-mm radicles, and 87% for 40-mm radicles. Heat shocks of 35 degrees C for 4 min, 40 degrees C for 3 min, 45 degrees C for 2 min, or 50 degrees C for 1 min, prior to chilling, reduced the 75% inhibition of radicle growth caused by 2 days at 5 degrees C to 34%, 25%, 14%, and 13%, respectively. The length of exposure that conferred chilling tolerance increased from less than 2 min for 50 degrees C to over 8 min for 35 degrees C. This increase in effective treatment duration was accompanied by a reduction in the maximum induced chilling tolerance. Practical application of heat-shock treatments to increase the chilling tolerance of rice seedlings may sacrifice a small reduction in maximum chilling tolerance at the lower inductive temperatures for a larger margin of safety in their application.     

外源精胺对NO_3~-胁迫下黄瓜幼苗抗氧化酶活性及光合作用的影响

采用营养液培养方法,研究了添加不同浓度的精胺(Spm)对NO3-胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长、叶片抗氧化酶活性及光合作用的影响。结果表明,140 mmol/L NO3-胁迫下,外加1 mmol/L Spm,10 d后,黄瓜幼苗叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性显著增加,电解质渗漏率和丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低;气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和净光合速率(Pn)显著升高,气孔限制值(Ls)显著降低。说明1 mmol/L Spm处理能增强黄瓜幼苗对活性氧的清除能力,降低膜脂过氧化程度;降低气孔关闭,改善叶片的气体交换,幼苗生长势增加,对高浓度NO3-胁迫的抗性增强。当Spm浓度高达1.5~2 mmol/L时,与1mmol/L Spm相比,SOD、POD、APX、CAT活性均开始降低,电解质渗漏率和MDA含量增加,Gs、Ci和Pn显著降低,黄瓜幼苗生长受到抑制。可见,外加一定浓度的Spm可通过提高抗氧化酶活性、降低膜脂过氧化程度及改善光合作用来缓解NO3-胁迫对黄瓜幼苗的影响。     

Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on the Antioxidative System in Cinnamomum philippinense Seedlings

This study examined the importance of the antioxidative defense mechanism during the application of simulated acid rain (SAR) pH 4, pH 3, pH 2, and pH 6 as control treatment in Cinnamomum philippinense seedlings. Analysis was carried out on 1, 10, and 15 days of spraying SAR. In our results, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APx), guaiacol peroxidase (GPOD), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity significantly were induced on 1 day of spraying SAR pH 3 and pH 2, suggesting that C. philippinense seedlings exposed to pH 3 and pH 2 acid rain for only 1 day were under oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzyme were apparently increased until 10 days of spraying SAR pH 4. However, on 10 days of spraying SAR pH 2, the accumulated intensity of acidity significantly inhibited the activities of CAT and APx accompanying with increased concentrations of malonydialdehyde (MDA). On the contrary, GPOD activity and the ascorbic acid ratio were remarkably increased when spraying SAR pH 2 for 15 days. Therefore, GPOD and ascorbate contribute to the scavenging of ROS at stronger acidity stresses. However, they were not enough to avoid cellular damage, since membrane lipids were injured, and necrosis appeared.     

Do reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by NaCl contribute to ammonium accumulation in Spartina alterniflora?

Growth, activity of antioxidant enzymes viz. glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and some metabolic processes related to ammonium metabolism were investigated in a salt‐tolerant Spatina alterniflora. In comparison to 0 mM–NaCl treatment, growth of S. alterniflora plant increased significantly at 200 mM NaCl, but was highly inhibited at 500 mM NaCl. Ammonium concentration in the leaves and roots increased 2.1–3.4 times when plants were treated with 500 mM NaCl. Under 200 mM NaCl, antioxidant‐enzyme activities increased, however, at 500 mM the antioxidant system was unable to compensate reactive oxygen species induced by NaCl. At this high level of salinity, ammonium production through nitrate reductase (NR) was inhibited, but no significant changes in the activities of glutamine synthetase (GS) or glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) were found. We conclude that the accumulation of ammonium under high salt stress was not due to inhibition of the assimilatory activities of GS or GDH. Ammonia accumulation under high salinity may result from amino acid and protein catabolism activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or a lack of carbon skeletons to incorporate ammonium into organic molecules due to a decrease in photosynthetic activity in salt‐stressed plants.     

酸铝胁迫对栝楼根系生长及铝积累的影响

针对南方酸性红壤对作物的生长造成的不利影响,采用水培方式,研究酸铝环境0、100、300、500、1000μmol·L-1Al3＋pH4.5,处理7d对长兴栝楼根系生长及铝积累的影响。测定指标包括根系活力、质膜透性、抗氧化酶类活性（过氧化物酶POD、过氧化氢酶CAT、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶APX、愈创木酚过氧化物酶GPX、超氧化物歧化酶SOD）及其同工酶、过氧化氢（H2O2）含量、根尖铝含量的影响。结果表明：随着铝处理浓度升高,根系活力增大,根系质膜透性无显著变化;POD、CAT、APX酶活升高,GPX和SOD活性降低,多种抗氧化酶都有多条同工酶谱带出现;根尖相对铝含量升高,桑色素染色情况显示,荧光梯度与铝含量测定结果一致,并观察到根尖以上根毛处细胞凸起较之平整排列的根细胞更容易积累铝。栝楼对南方酸性红壤具有较强的适应能力,其体内抗氧化酶系统及根尖吸收、积累铝的机制对缓解铝毒害起着重要作用。     

钙对大豆幼苗镍毒害的缓解效应及对抗氧化酶活性的影响

采用盆栽方法,研究了镍毒害条件下外源钙对大豆镍毒害的缓解效应以及对其叶片组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性的影响,以探讨钙缓解植物镍毒性的生理机制.研究结果表明:Ni2+60 mg/kg添加量对大豆幼苗生长表现出明显的抑制作用,但是当加入不同钙量后,大豆的镍毒害症状得到不同程度的缓解,Ca2+ 200 mg/kg处理的缓解作用好于Ca2+ 100 mg/kg.与不施镍处理相比,单施Ni2 60 mg/kg处理的大豆叶片组织SOD、CAT和APX活性明显下降,而POD活性明显上升.当配施Ca2以后,大豆叶片组织中SOD、CAT、POD和APX活性明显提高,且Ca2+ 200 mg/kg处理的上升程度比Ca2+ 100 mg/kg处理的大.因此,Ca2+是通过提高叶片组织抗氧化酶活性,增强活性氧清除能力,而使大豆的镍中毒症状得到缓解,这是Ca2+减轻大豆镍毒害的生理机制之一.     

海藻肥对低温胁迫下铁皮石斛抗氧化能力及相关基因表达的影响

以铁皮石斛'晶品一号'幼苗为试材,分别于叶面喷施不同稀释倍数(500、1000、1500倍)的海藻肥,研究其对4℃低温胁迫下铁皮石斛抗氧化生理特性及相关基因表达的影响.结果 表明:1000倍稀释浓度的海藻肥有效缓解了低温胁迫下铁皮石斛叶片失活、叶绿素降解和丙二醛(MDA)积累;促进了脯氨酸(Pro)含量的增加,以及抗氧...     

盐胁迫下两种草坪草膜脂过氧化和抗氧化酶比较

Salinity stress is a major factor limiting the growth of turfgrass irrigated with recycled wastewater. The change in lipid peroxidation in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxide (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) in the shoots and roots of Kentucky bluegrass and tall fescue were investigated under salinity stress. Plants were subjected to 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mmol L 1 NaCl for 40 d. The MDA content under salinity stress was lower in tall fescue than in Kentucky bluegrass in both shoots and roots. Activities of SOD in the shoots of both species increased with salinity stress. The activities of CAT and APX decreased in Kentucky bluegrass, but no significant difference in the activities of CAT and APX was observed in tall fescue. The activities of SOD, CAT and APX in the shoots of tall fescue were higher than those in Kentucky bluegrass. In the roots of Kentucky bluegrass, SOD and GR activities increased and CAT and APX activities decreased in comparison with the control. In the roots of tall fescue, salinity increased the activities of SOD, CAT, and APX. These results suggested that tall fescue exhibited a more effective protection mechanism and mitigated oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation by maintaining higher SOD, CAT and APX activities than Kentucky bluegrass.     

高湿贮藏对茄子冷害及抗氧化系统的影响

为探讨高湿贮藏对减轻茄子冷害的作用及其与抗氧化系统的关系,本试验将茄子果实分别放置于4℃的干雾控湿高湿冷库(相对湿度96%~99%)和低湿冷库(相对湿度70%~75%)中贮藏15 d,每隔3 d进行取样测定,比较分析相关指标的变化。结果表明,与低湿贮藏相比,高湿贮藏能显著抑制茄子果实冷害指数、相对电导率和失重率的上升(P<0.05),保持茄子果实较高的硬度及总酚和花青素含量。同时,高湿贮藏能显著提高茄子果实中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)等抗氧化酶的活性(P<0.05),抑制过氧化氢(H₂O₂)和超氧阴离子( {\mathrm{O}}_2^{\frac{-}{·}} )的产生,保持更高的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)和羟基自由基清除能力。上述结果表明,高湿贮藏可维持茄子果实较高的抗氧化系统活性,从而抑制活性氧对茄子的伤害,减轻果实冷害。本研究为高湿贮藏在茄子果实采后保鲜中的应用提供了一定的依据。     

Calcium Influence on Chilling Resistance of Grafting Eggplant Seedlings

Abstract

Calcium (Ca) influence on chilling resistance of grafting eggplant seedlings were studied in a hydroponic system. Under the calcium sufficient treatment, the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in grafting seedlings at 5°C were all obviously higher than those of calcium deficiency, peaking at 36 h, 24 h, and 24 h chilling stress, respectively. Several parameters of cellular membrane fluidity, such as content of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA), the ratio of UFA to SFA (U/S), index of UFA (IUFA) also distinctively increased. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and saturated fatty acid (SFA) were lower than those of calcium deficiency. This study suggests that the variation of parameters mentioned above might be caused by cellular calcium levels. Calcium content was potentially the main reason that grafting seedlings had higher chilling resistance than own-root seedlings. Calcium appears to play an important role in increasing chilling resistance of grafting eggplant seedlings.