西藏野生鸢尾种子发芽影响因素研究

以西藏野生鸢尾种子为试材,研究了不同发芽条件对西藏野生鸢尾种子发芽率的影响。结果表明:浸种温度对种子的萌发有一定的影响,暗环境和高锰酸钾溶液浸种有利于种子的萌发,IBA在一定浓度范围内能有效提高种子的发芽率,22℃的培养温度是种子发芽的最适温度,变温对鸢尾种子的发芽没有明显的影响;提高西藏野生鸢尾种子的发芽率的措施是,在种子采集后进行低温处理,第2年4、5月份经45~65℃的温汤浸种或IBA溶液处理后在22℃暗环境下进行发芽试验。     

文冠果种子休眠解除方法研究

以文冠果种子为试材,设置10种不同催芽方法,包括水浴加热、不同浓度的H2_SO_4、KNO_3、PEG-6000等试剂处理文冠果种子,诱导发芽后调查种子的发芽率、活力、发芽势等发芽参数,并对不同催芽方法进行了比较分析,筛选适合文冠果种子快速解除休眠的方法。结果表明:80℃水浴加热、4%KNO_3溶液、5%PEG-6000溶液、GA_3溶液、2%KNO_3溶液、10%PEG-6000溶液、4℃蒸馏水浸种、50%H_2SO_4溶液处理,均可不同程度的提高文冠果种子的发芽率,而高浓度H_2SO_4溶液处理对文冠果种子发芽有抑制作用;文冠果种子经80℃水浴加热10min处理可使发芽率提高到55.83%,为未处理的9.3倍。     

茄子种子发芽技术研究

重点研究了硝酸钾和聚乙烯醇引发处理对茄子种子发芽的影响.结果表明,3%硝酸钾液浸种24 h处理极显著提高了大黑长茄和沪茄3号种子发芽势、发芽指数.1%聚乙烯醇引发处理极显著提高了沪茄三号种子在18℃和25℃下的发芽指数,缩短了T50,且引发种子贮藏6个月后,差异仍达极显著水平.     

影响西瓜砧木超丰F_1种子发芽因素的研究

葫芦类西瓜砧木最适宜的发芽条件是在常温(约20℃)条件下浸种18小时,30℃恒温进行催芽。利用砂培和嗑种处理对提高种子的发芽势有显著作用,而砂培对种子发芽率没有明显作用,嗑种可有效提高发芽率。用1%~3%的H2O2溶液处理葫芦种子,可有效提高发芽势和发芽率。     

风选和引发处理对甜椒种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

以甜椒种子为试材,通过风选和硝酸钾引发的方式,研究对甜椒种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。试验设置1%硝酸钾溶液20℃下分别引发5、6、7 d,以未引发种子为对照,研究不同引发时间对甜椒种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,风选后甜椒种子千粒重较原种子显著增加3.25%,较不合格种子显著增加135.56%,不合格种子发芽势较CK处理显著降低43.42%,优选种子发芽率较CK处理显著提高5%。实验室发芽试验表明,发芽势各处理较CK处理显著提高58.49%、52.83%%、60.38%;发芽畸形数量各处理较CK处理显著降低73.91%、73.91%、69.57%;发芽指数各处理较CK处理显著提高了76.28%、69.87%、78.21%。穴盘育苗幼苗试验表明,在播种后47 d株高较CK处理显著提高13.21%,茎粗显著提高10.29%,叶片数显著提高9.09%,壮苗指数显著增加17.65%。综上可得,风选处理后,选用1%硝酸钾溶液,在20℃条件下,引发处理7 d能够显著提高发芽率和发芽势,促进幼苗生长,提高壮苗指数。     

藏药波棱瓜种子萌发特性研究

通过种子活力的测定、发芽床及发芽温度的筛选和不同药剂浸种处理,研究了波棱瓜种子的萌发特性。结果表明:波棱瓜种子萌发具有一定程度的休眠特性,其最佳发芽基质为砂质发芽床;发芽最适温度为20℃;青霉素和聚乙二醇对波棱瓜种子发芽具有促进作用。用50℃的温水浸种后,采用300 mg/L的青霉素溶液处理,发芽势和发芽率分别比对照提高12%和20%,达到53.33%,极显著高于对照33.33%;用100 g/L的聚乙二醇溶液处理,波棱瓜种子的发芽势和发芽力分别比对照提高10%和14%。     

落葵种子的发芽特性

研究结果表明：落葵种子较适宜的浸种时间为２６小时（３０℃），恒温发芽以３０℃为宜，而２０℃～３０℃变温促进发芽的效果更显著。不同发芽床对落葵种子发芽无显著影响。采用３００ｍｇ／ＬＧＡ３和２％～３％Ｈ２Ｏ２溶液处理落葵种子均可显著提高种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数。     

君迁子种子快速发芽方法的研究

君迁子果皮较厚，结实，种子不易萌发，为了寻找君迁子种子的最佳贮藏方法和种子快速萌发的方法，对低温4℃贮藏的君迁子种子和常温贮藏的种子进行浓硫酸处理、清水浸泡处理、高温浸种、GA3处理、对种子横切1/3、剥胚处理等，观察不同处理的发芽率和发芽势。结果表明：低温冷藏处理的君迁子种子再进行75℃高温浸种或GA3处理能促进君迁子种子的萌发，可提早君迁子种子发芽时间；经过清水浸泡的低温冷藏的君迁子种子通过横切1/3+剥胚处理发芽率和发芽势是最高的；浓硫酸处理对提高君迁子种子的发芽率和发芽势效果不明显。     

不同浸种方式对马缨杜鹃种子发芽率的影响

对采自4个居群的马缨杜鹃种子进行了不同浸种方式处理的发芽试验.结果表明:0.5%硼酸溶液、室温蒸馏水、30℃蒸馏水浸种24 h均能提高马缨杜鹃种子发芽率,但以0.5%硼酸溶液浸种的效果最好,且与对照的差异达到显著水平,而3种浸种方式之间的差异不显著.同时,在相同浸种处理下,4个马缨杜鹃居群间种子的发芽率及发芽势存在差异,其中以马雄山居群种子的发芽率和发芽势最高.     

壳聚糖对白菜陈种子萌发的影响

以常温储藏的白菜陈种子为试材,研究了不同时间、不同浓度壳聚糖浸种处理对陈种子萌发的影响。试验结果表明,白菜陈种子随着清水浸种时间延长到4 h和6 h,其发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数较1 h和2 h有所下降,经不同浓度壳聚糖处理后,其发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数均比相同时间的清水浸种(CK)显著提高。因此,在生产中可以用0.01%的壳聚糖溶液对白菜陈种子浸种1 h即可达到提高白菜陈种子活力的目的。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Expression and significance of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in Hodgkin's lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma

AIM: To detect the expression of cytoplasmic inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (c-IAP2) and growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and to investigate the role of two genes in the pathogenesis of HL and ALCL.METHODS: HE staining, the antibodies CD30, CD15, CD45RO and CD20 were used to screen the cases of HL and ALCL from 288 cases of lymphoma. The clarified HL and ALCL were subjected for immunohistochemical staining by SP and ABC methods to analyze the expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1. RESULTS: ①The positive rate of c-IAP2 in HL was 25/26(96.1%) while that in ALCL was 6/19(31.6%), there presented statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05), meanwhile the positive rate of GAS1 showed statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05). ②Two cases were showed to be a mixed type combined with large tumor cells of HL and relatively smaller tumor cells of ALCL.CONCLUSION: ①The different expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in HL and ALCL implied a different mechanism of oncogenesis and the different defects in the pathway of signal transduction of apoptosis in HL and ALCL;②Few cases showed an overlap and a likely transitional state between HL and ALCL; ③The different expressing manner of GAS1 and c-IAP2 in HL and ALCL implied the potential marks for the differential dignosis of two kinds of lymphoma.     

Effects of patch attributes, barriers, and distance between patches on the distribution of a rock-dwelling rodent (Lagidium viscacia)

We tested whether size of habitat patches and distance between patches are sufficient to predict the distribution of the mountain vizcacha Lagidium viscacia a large, rock-dwelling rodent of the Patagonian steppe Argentina, or whether information on other patch and landscape characteristics also is required. A logistic regression model including the distance between rock crevices and depth of crevices, distance between a patch and the nearest occupied patch, and whether or not there was a river separating it from the nearest occupied patch was a better predictor of patch occupancy by mountain vizcachas than was a model based only on patch size and distance between patches. Our results indicate that a simple metapopulation analysis based on size of habitat patches and distance between patches may not provide an accurate representation of regional population dynamics if patches vary in habitat quality independently of patch size and features in the matrix alter connectivity. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Inhibitory β-adrenergic receptor in heart

β₃-adrenergic receptor is the third subtype of β-adrenergic receptors. The genetic structure and pharmacological property of β₃-adrenergic receptor are markedly distinguished from β₁-and β₂-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Recently studies show that myocardial β₃-adrenergic receptor mediates negative inotropic effect through Gi-protein/NO/cGMP pathway, the expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor and negative inotropic effect mediated by β₃-adrenergic receptor are increased in heart failure. However, because of the low expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor in the heart, the actual pathophysiological significance of β₃-adrenergic receptor remains unknown.