共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 562 毫秒
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粮秆兼用甜高粱杂交种中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所有成3个甜高粱杂交种,它们的特点是粮秆兼用,除产籽粒外.由于茎秆多汁高糖,特别适丁综合利用。于籽粒成熟后将茎秆粉碎青贮是奶牛的好饲料,或将茎秆粉碎后进行乙醇发酵酿制白酒、酒精,或将茎秆压榨,用榨汁制... 相似文献
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甜菜制取燃料乙醇关键技术及其研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文分析了在不影响现有粮食和经济作物种植结构的前提下,利用“三北”地区边际性土地资源发展甜菜乙醇能源的生产潜力及提高甜菜抗逆性和可发酵糖的调控途径。介绍了甜菜原料预处理、发酵制取乙醇的高效菌株选育、发酵条件优化与副产物综合利用等甜菜酒精发酵技术的研究与应用进展情况。认为甜菜是一种抗盐碱性很强的能源作物,在生物乙醇生产中具有重要价值。指出了甜菜乙醇产业发展必须解决的关键问题是利用边际性土地生产优质甜菜原料,且需稳定供应;高效低成本的发酵菌种选育;为燃料乙醇生产过程中产生的副产品寻找出既环保又经济的利用途径。 相似文献
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采用固态发酵法,进行了生产燃料乙醇的试验,同时尽量在相同条件下,研究了纤维素酶对甜高粱秸秆发酵产酒率的影响。实验分2组,第1组为空白试验:酵母菌接种量为0.2%,发酵温度28℃。第2组为对照试验:酵母菌接种量为0.2%,发酵温度28℃,纤维素酶0.8%,发酵时间为114h。结果表明,第1组折算,甜高粱茎秆发酵产酒,体积分数为61%的乙醇得率为3.5g/100g;第2组折算,体积分数为61%的乙醇得率为6.56g/100g,比不加纤维素酶的乙醇得率提高了3.06%。 相似文献
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采用固态发酵法,进行了生产燃料乙醇的试验,同时尽量在相同条件下,研究了纤维素酶对甜高粱秸秆发酵产酒率的影响.实验分2组,第1组为空白试验:酵母菌接种量为0.2%,发酵温度28℃.第2组为对照试验:酵母菌接种量为0.2%,发酵温度28℃,纤维素酶0.8%,发酵时间为114 h.结果表明,第1组折算,甜高粱茎秆发酵产酒,体积分数为61%的乙醇得率为3.5 g/100 g;第2组折算,体积分数为61%的乙醇得率为6.56g/100g,比不加纤维素酶的乙醇得率提高了3.06%. 相似文献
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能源甜高粱遗传改良研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
甜高粱是最有应用前景的再生能源作物之一,它的能源转换效率取决于植株总生物量和茎秆汁液含糖量的高低。探明决定甜高粱总生物量和茎秆汁液含糖量积累相关过程的生物学机制并开发相应分子标记,是选育生物能专用甜高粱品种的有效途径。本文从甜高粱糖分积累、遗传多样性研究、遗传图谱的构建、含糖量相关性状的定位及遗传工程研究等方面介绍了近年来甜高粱遗传研究进展。 相似文献
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欢欢 《农产品加工.学刊》2009,(11):44-44
黑龙江省重大科技计划攻关项目“畜禽副产物综合利用关键技术的研究”,日前在哈尔滨通过鉴定。由东北农大、八一农垦大学等黑龙江省几家高校共同承担的“畜禽副产物综合利用关键技术的研究”,经过3年多的攻关,完成了计划任务书的研究内容。取得了可喜成绩。 相似文献
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为了探究甜高粱主要农艺性状与生物产量的关系,筛选出综合表现优良的甜高粱材料,进而为今后甜高粱育种提供理论依据。以24份甜高粱杂交组合为试材,对其主要农艺性状及生物产量进行灰色关联度分析、相关性分析、通径分析以及主成分分析。结果表明:主穗长度和穗粒数的变异系数较大;灰色关联度结果表明糖锤度与生物产量关联度最大。相关分析表明株高与茎秆长度,主穗长度与千粒重达到极显著正相关;通径分析结果表明主穗长度、茎秆长度、千粒重、榨汁率、糖锤度本身的直接效应对甜高粱的生物产量有正向作用。主成分分析得出株高、茎秆长度、穗粒数、糖锤度、榨汁率、主穗长度、生物产量这7个性状相对品种的综合表现影响更大。因此,在选育甜高粱杂交种时,要注重对糖锤度、茎粗、茎秆长度的选择,同时兼顾对株高、穗粒数、主穗长度、榨汁率、千粒重的选择。 相似文献
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甜高粱茎秆贮存过程中蔗糖代谢及其相关酶活性的变化研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为明确甜高粱茎秆贮存过程中蔗糖降解的关键酶,以期通过对蔗糖降解关键酶的分子调控解决甜高粱茎秆贮存过程中蔗糖易降解的难题。采用高效液相色谱法和酶学测定方法对3个品种甜高粱在采后75天贮藏期内,茎秆中的蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖含量和可溶性酸性转化酶(SAI)、中性转化酶(NI)和蔗糖合成酶(SS)分解蔗糖的酶活性变化进行了测定。结果表明:在采后75天贮藏期内,‘辽甜1号’、‘辽甜4号’和‘辽甜6号’甜高粱的茎秆中,糖分降解迅速,总糖损失近一半,分别为68.2-31.9(g/100g干基)、43.0-18.1(g/100g干基)和59.6-25.3(g/100g干基)。3个品种果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量呈总体下降趋势,并呈现贮藏期开始时糖分降低很快,而后缓慢降低的趋势。可溶性酸性转化酶活性在茎秆贮藏15天时增幅较大,而后以微小幅度持续增加,一直保持较高的酶活性。中性转化酶活性一直以微小幅度持续增加,酶活性较低,变化不大。蔗糖合成酶分解方向的活性则更低,且变化不大。这表明可溶性酸性转化酶可能与甜高粱茎秆贮存过程中蔗糖降解密切相关。 相似文献
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Investigations into the effect of location, planting density, N-fertilization, variety and harvest date on yield and contents of sweet sorghum
Looking for high yielding plant species as renewable resources, sweet sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) seems to be an interesting crop.
In field trials at three locations in the south-west of Germany in 1983 and 1984 should be investigated the effect of N-fertilization, planting density, variety and harvest date on yield, different morphological characteristics and contents of sweet sorghum.
The results indicate that yields of 15-20 t DM/ha are only feasible when the given temperature sum is higher than 2000 °C (> 5°C). The maximum yield of 22.7 t DM/ha resp. 6.5 t/ha "Free Fermentable Sugar" (FFZ) was realized when a sufficient water supply and N-fertilization had been guaranteed.
The different possibilities of utilization of sweet sorghum e.g. as sugar crop, agricultural raw material for combustion or as forage crop urge the plant breeder to intensify the breeding efforts adapting this crop at the climatic conditions of Germany. 相似文献
Looking for high yielding plant species as renewable resources, sweet sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) seems to be an interesting crop.
In field trials at three locations in the south-west of Germany in 1983 and 1984 should be investigated the effect of N-fertilization, planting density, variety and harvest date on yield, different morphological characteristics and contents of sweet sorghum.
The results indicate that yields of 15-20 t DM/ha are only feasible when the given temperature sum is higher than 2000 °C (> 5°C). The maximum yield of 22.7 t DM/ha resp. 6.5 t/ha "Free Fermentable Sugar" (FFZ) was realized when a sufficient water supply and N-fertilization had been guaranteed.
The different possibilities of utilization of sweet sorghum e.g. as sugar crop, agricultural raw material for combustion or as forage crop urge the plant breeder to intensify the breeding efforts adapting this crop at the climatic conditions of Germany. 相似文献
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Field experiments were conducted during 1980-82 at the Agronomy Farm of the University of California, Davis, to compare fermentable carbohydrate production and cost of potential ethanol from fodderbeet, sweet sorghum, sugarbeet, and corn in relation to the requirements of these crops for fertilizer nitrogen and irrigation. The response of hexose yields of these crops to fertilizer N varied in the two experiments. When all crops responded, sweet sorghum and sugarbeet required 36 % and fodderbeet 68 % of the fertilizer N needed for corn. Twelve weeks following a mid-season irrigation cut off, hexose yield of sugarbeet was decreased by 18 % as compared to an adequately watered crop. Water stressed sweet sorghum extracted higher amounts of soil moisture, increased in hexose concentration and produced 29 % higher hexose yield than when adequately watered. Stressed sugarbeet, however, had a higher hexose yield due to its higher sugar concentration.
When fertilized and irrigated adequately, fodderbeet produced 13.4, sugarbeet 11.9, sweet sorghum 10.0, and corn 8.15 Mg hexose ha−1 . Comparative on-farm ethanol production costs of these four crops were very close ($0.38 to 0.40 L−1 ). Thus, growing established crops like corn and sugarbeet for which processing facilities and alternative markets already exist would be preferred. 相似文献
When fertilized and irrigated adequately, fodderbeet produced 13.4, sugarbeet 11.9, sweet sorghum 10.0, and corn 8.15 Mg hexose ha
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The accumulation of soluble carbohydrates in vegetative parts of sweet sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) represents an intermediate reserve pool for grain filling as well as an irreversible storage up to maturity. In order to study the effect of Sterility on soluble sugar accumulation in vegetative parts, two cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines of sweet sorghum were compared with their corresponding fertile mamtainers for non-structural carbohydrate concentrations in shoots. Plants were harvested at four different physiological stages. The lines showed significant differences in the yield of non-structural carbohydrates. At maturity, the yields of soluble carbohydrates from vegetative parts of the two sterile lines were 93 % and 43 % higher than the yield of the two corresponding fertile lines. At that stage, sucrose represented about 80 % of total soluble carbohydrates and the higher yield of soluble carbohydrates of sterile lines was mainly due to the higher yield of sucrose. This indicates that the yield of extractable carbohydrates, especially sucrose, in vegetative parts of sweet sorghum could be considerably improved by using sterile lines which are utilized in hybrid production. 相似文献