濒危植物沙冬青人工种群建立技术

建立人工种群是保护荒漠珍惜濒危植物沙冬青、扩大沙冬青种质资源、建立种质基因库的根本途径。播种苗移植造林和直播造林是建立沙冬青人工种群的2种途径。在干旱沙区，如何提高移栽成活率是沙冬青移植造林中最大的技术难题，而直播造林往往受到土壤水分条件的限制。试验从两条途径入手，通过田间对比试验，探试了不同浓度的ABT生根粉(3号)、苗木截体处理和苗龄对沙冬青苗木移植成活率及其生长状况的影响，试验总结了在年降水量小于150mm的干旱沙区进行沙冬青大田育苗的各个技术环节，同时对沙冬青直播造林中种子处理、馅播技术和人工种群的抚育管理也进行了一定的试验和探讨。     

几种药剂对苗木立枯病的防治试验

药效试验证明,森保1号对苗木立枯病的防治效果显著或极显著高于多菌灵、硫酸亚铁、波尔多液、高锰酸钾.经森保1号处理后,有效控制了立枯病的发生,枯死率显著减少,最佳处理为0.75 mg/L浸种 0.55 mg/L喷苗.     

沙冬青3414田间肥效试验初报

采用3414试验设计方案研究了氮、磷、钾对沙冬青苗木生长状况的影响。试验通过分析不同施肥处理下沙冬青苗木的苗高、地径和分枝数的年生长量得出结论:在试验条件下,施尿素、过磷酸钙、硫酸钾量分别为0.28 g/kg、0.28 g/kg、0.38 g/kg时,沙冬青苗高和地径生长量最大;施尿素、过磷酸钙、硫酸钾量分别为0.19 g/kg、0 g/kg、0.38 g/kg或0.19 g/kg、0.14 g/kg、0.38 g/kg时,沙冬青苗木分枝数最多。     

沙冬青幼苗截根技术的研究

沙冬青是我国重要的珍稀濒危树种,苗木移栽后的成活率很低.从截根可行性、截根时间、截根深度等方面,对蒙古沙冬青截根技术进行了试验,得出了不同截根方式、截根时间、截根深度对幼苗成活、地上生长和根系生长的影响,初步解决了沙冬青移栽成活困难的关键技术问题.     

狭叶冬青实生苗繁育技术研究

本文通过正交试验设计方法研究了狭叶冬青的播种育苗技术,结果表明,不同土壤、不同遮荫措施和不同种子处理方法对种子出苗率、苗木质量影响显著。以腐殖质土,透光率为50%的单层遮荫网遮荫,酸蚀种子用浓度250mg·kg-1GA3溶液在常温下浸种24h,并经层积沙藏为最佳,种子出苗率最高,为21.2%,苗木质量最好,为生产中较为理想的培养方案。     

3种丛枝菌根真菌对沙冬青的接种效应

为了研究丛枝菌根真菌对沙冬青幼苗的接种效应,对盆栽沙冬青幼苗分别接种摩西球囊霉、幼套球囊霉、根内球囊霉3种丛枝菌根真菌,测定样苗成活率、侵染率、生长量及养分含量等指标。结果表明：3种丛枝菌根真菌均不影响样苗移栽成活率,均能与沙冬青幼苗形成菌根,侵染率40～50%;摩西球囊霉接种对样苗高、径、干物质生长和N、P、K吸收积累均有促进作用;幼套球囊霉接种样苗含水率最小,根冠比最大。总之,摩西球囊霉可以有效促进沙冬青幼苗生长,具有开发促进生长菌肥的潜力;幼套球囊霉可以提高幼苗耐旱性能,具有开发增强苗木抗逆性能的菌肥的前景。     

森保1号防治苗木立枯病药效试验

药效试验证明，在保1号对苗木立枯病的防治效果显著或极显著高于多效唑、多菌灵和增产又，经森保1号处理后，有效控制了立枯病的发生，枯死率显著减少。最佳处理为浸种并喷苗．具体做法如下：在播种前3d，对经催芽处理的种子用700×10－6mg／ml的森保1号浸种4h后播种，待苗木出土3～5d时，用500×10－6mg／ml的森保1号喷苗1～2次。     

香榧苗木立枯病症状及防治试验

香榧苗木立枯病由终极腐霉、茄丝核菌和黄色镰刀菌3种病原菌引起,该病6～7月为发病盛期,雨水对病害发生有利,试验表明:在苗圃地管理水平较好的情况下,配合使用50%多菌灵500倍液或55%敌克松800倍液浇根,防治效果可达53.4%～70.9%.尤以50%多菌灵防治效果最佳,达70.9%,且成本较低.     

森保1号防治苗木立枯病应用技术的研究

药效中试证实森保１号对落叶松、红松、云杉、樟子松等苗木立枯病的防治效果显著高于三环唑、敌克松、退菌特、多菌灵、代森锌、波尔多液等药剂处理。施用方法以森保１号浸种＋喷苗复合处理为最佳，浸种以７００ｐｐｍ、喷苗以５００ｐｐｍ为最佳使用浓度。     

狭叶冬青硬枝扦插育苗技术

狭叶冬青(Ilex fargesii Franch.)扦插生根困难,为探索狭叶冬青硬枝扦插育苗技术,以扦插基质、插穗粗度及遮阳措施为试验因素,采用正交试验设计方法对狭叶冬青硬枝扦插育苗技术进行了研究。结果表明,基质、插穗粗度及遮阳措施对狭叶冬青硬枝扦插成活率、新梢长、生根量及平均侧根数均有显著影响,生产中提高狭叶冬青硬枝扦插成活率及苗木质量的最佳培养方案为:混合土、插穗粗度0.5～1.0 cm,单层遮阳,扦插成活率最高,苗木质量最好。     

银杏茎腐病的防治

介绍了防治银杏腐病Macrophomina phaseoli的方法。采用种子、土壤消毒，适时播种，遮荫保护，喷洒50％退菌特wp600倍、50％多菌灵wp800倍、70％甲基托布津wp1000倍液等措施可减轻该病的危害，使苗木存活率在90％以上。     

臭檀育苗试验研究

为了探索臭檀育苗技术，对臭檀种子进行干藏、沙藏等不同方法处理以及场圃育苗试验，得出了最佳种子处理方法和育苗管理措施，为臭檀育苗提供了依据。     

Seed Biology,Stand Characteristics,and Regeneration of Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance

Fruit size and seed moisture content were measured and seed production and dispersal were monitored to understand the seed biology of the Korean ash (Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance) in two Korean ash forests. A combination of four ground treatments and four crown closure levels were created in a natural forest to understand the site conditions needed for seedling emergence in natural stands and to determine practical regeneration methods for direct seeding. The seed size of Korean ash increased until late May and its moisture content decreased rapidly in early November. Prolific seed bearing occurred every 3 yr. The distance of seed dispersal by wind was about 30 m, but more than 90% of the seeds dispersed within 10 m from the seed trees. Twenty-five seed trees per hectare provided for successful natural regeneration. The seedling emergence in the natural stands was best with scarification treatment and 25～50% of crown closure.     

中华红叶杨扦插育苗技术研究

分析了GGR浓度、多菌灵浓度、扦插时间、扦插基质和枝条性质等对中华红叶杨扦插育苗的影响,结果表明除多菌灵浓度对扦插成活率没有显著影响外,其他四种方式对中华红叶杨扦插均有显著影响.选择上年秋枝和当年夏技作为扦插育苗,以GGR100mg/kg浸泡2h,以纯黄心土作为扦插基质,于3月中旬或9月底进行扦插,其效果最佳.     

龙胆播种育苗苗床不同覆盖处理成苗效果的研究

对龙胆播种育苗苗床进行3种覆盖处理试验,研究其对成苗效果的影响,结果表明:苗床不同覆盖处理的成苗数量差异达到极显著水平,F=77.05＞5.49(F0.01),其中以C处理(播种后苗床上扣塑料拱棚,棚上再覆盖遮阳网,在苗床步道沟内灌水保持苗床湿润)的成苗效果最佳,平均成苗数量为752株·m-2,分别是B处理、A处理的1...     

Evaluating Indigenous Practices for Petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk.) Seed Germination: The Effect of Seed Shelling and Seed Cutting on Germination, Growth, and Survival

Parkia speciosa Hassk. (petai, pete, sator, and stink bean) is a medium to large tree native to Southeast Asia with various medicinal, wood, and shade tree uses. Its seed is an important component of Indonesian, Malaysian, and Thai cuisines. Petai is a common component of smallholder tree gardens throughout Indonesia. Indigenous propagation practices for this species are removal of the seed coat, cutting off ¼ to ½ of the seed, or both, before sowing in prepared beds or containers. These practices are thought by farmers to accelerate seed germination and improve seedling growth. Seed cutting is also practiced to retain part of the seed for household consumption. A research trial was implemented to document the effect of seed shelling and seed cutting on seed germination, seedling growth, and seedling survival. Results indicate that both treatments accelerate—but do not increase—seed germination. Nine days after sowing, the treatments increased germination by 27–32% over the controls; the combination of the treatments increased germination by up to 70%. However, by 35 days all treatments and combinations achieved 100% germination. Seed cutting had a negative effect on seedling diameter and height growth. The combination of no shelling and ½ cutting indicated higher seedling mortality over the study period. The findings support the use of the indigenous seed shelling practice but suggest discontinuation of seed cutting practices.     

珍稀树种的种苗繁殖研究

本文对１０种珍稀树种的采种期、采种方法、种子处理、贮藏方法、育苗方法以及幼苗形态特征等进行了较为系统的介绍。     

印度,孟加拉西部的Terai地区的大叶合欢预处理及标准化豆荚采集时间和豆荚长度

在孟加拉西部的Pundibari地区,研究在4个采集（豆荚）时间,3个采集豆荚长度（〈10cm,10-20cm和〉20cm）,以及进行的13种预处理对大叶合欢种苗生长和萌发率的影响。豆荚采集时间为2月19日,且没有任何预处理,大叶合欢种子萌发率为92.5%。这明确表明,在2月19日采集的种子具有非休眠,有活力和生理成熟的特性。从长度为10-20 cm豆荚剥离出的种子,2月19日播种,种苗生长良好。利用硫脲预处理种子后,种子的萌发率并没有表现出明显提高,但是当利用低浓度硫脲（100 μL·L-1）预处理种子后,有利于种苗生长。     

不同种源梭梭栽培试验与生长特性研究

从不同种源梭梭种子特性、育苗以及生长表现等方面出发,对不同种源梭梭种子千粒质量、发芽率、发芽势及出苗率、保苗率等指标进行了测定,同时对1～2年生梭梭苗木的生长量与生物量进行了观测,研究了不同种源梭梭在种子和苗木生长方面的差异及不同种源梭梭的年生长规律。最后综合各项指标选择出了2个优良的梭梭种源,它们分别为阿拉善右旗种源、民勤种源。     

Pre-sowing treatments for improved germination and growth of two rare native species of Bangladesh

Pre-sowing treatments are expected to increase seed germination. This evaluates response to pre-sowing treatments and the growth performance of two native and rare tree species, Garuga pinnata Roxb. and Vitex glabrata R. Br. The hard seed coats were treated by rubbing with sand paper, nail clipping, and immersion in water and acid (H₂SO₄). Results indicate that G. pinnata showed a 90% germination rate and 30% germination energy when seed coats were nicked with a nail clipper. Rubbing with sand paper was the best pre-sowing treatment for V. glabrata, resulting a 80% germination rate and 30% germination energy. G. pinnata and V. glabrata seedlings from seeds soaked 24 h in water resulted in maximum heights and collar diameters. These were significantly higher (at p < 0.05) than those of other treatments. The results indicate that scarification or nicking of seeds may have some negative impacts on seedling growth. Therefore, it is difficult to recommend a pre-sowing treatment of seeds for achieving both maximum germination and good early seedling growth.