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猪的人工授精技术及操作要点 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
郑成利 《河南畜牧兽医(综合版)》2006,27(7):22-24
随着养猪规模的日益扩大和繁殖技术的逐渐进步,猪的人工授精技术可减少公猪饲养量,降低养猪成本,防止种群疫病传播,将分散的各养殖点在技术方面有效整合,达到产品规格一致,提高品质质量,增强市场竞争力等优势,而越来越受到人们重视。本文总结介绍了猪的人工授精工作中的消毒技术,采精操作技术,精液的检查和质量评定技术,精液的稀释、分装、贮存和运输技术,输精配种操作技术和应该注意的问题,为畜牧业推广猪的人工授精技术提供参考。 相似文献
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微生物发酵床养殖是一种生态养殖模式,在冬天具有很好的保暖作用,减少了日粮的损耗,但在夏天,缺少散热的功能,对育肥猪和种猪的养殖影响较大。实验对某微生物发酵床生态养猪场的4头种公猪,通过连续观测公猪舍环境温度、垫料温度及公猪的精神状态,检测公猪血液生化指标、精子活率、精子质量、精子密度及生化指标项目。结果发现1号公猪的总蛋白水平较高,其它生化指标差异不显著;4头公猪中只有4号公猪精子活率达到70%,其余公猪精液中精子活率低于10%,大量死精。结果表明微生物发酵床养殖对公猪繁殖性能的影响较大。 相似文献
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竹乡乌骨鸡林下养殖是赤水市大力推广的一种生态型养殖模式.该模式是选用本地竹乡乌骨鸡在开阔的林地、果园等环境中进行放养,达到了投资少、见效快、场地利用率高、种植与养殖相互促进的效果,所生产出来的乌骨鸡风味蚀特、肉质细腻、营养价值高,深受消费者喜爱. 相似文献
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澳洲龙虾,学名澳大利亚红螯螯虾,隶属节肢动物门,甲壳纲,十足目,虾科.最大个体可达500克,与海水龙虾相似,是经选育出的一个优良品种.其肉质鲜嫩,出肉率高,养殖设施简单,且养殖成本低,回报收益高.既可集约化、大规模生产,也可小范围、家庭化养殖.八十年代中期,我国科研人员引进并加以证明这一新品种具有名优淡水虾类的优良性状,是一个值得推广、具有一定养殖发展前景的养殖对象.其具体养殖技术如下: 相似文献
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1养殖新概念
养殖业从古到今一直与人们的生活密切相关,养殖业的起落直接影响人们的生活水平高低.随着科学技术的不断发展与提高,养殖业已发展成为集约化、规模化的高科技养殖方式,养殖的科技含量越来越高.随着人们的生活水平不断提高,人们对畜产品的要求也越来越高,养殖方式的转变就显得尤为重要. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献