Discussion of Xixia’s Forestry A Model for the Development of China’s Township Forestry

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Baby’s Dream Furniture公司收购CENTEC

美国：最大的婴儿和青年家具制造商Baby’s Dream Furniture公司宣布已收购智利最大的木家具公司CENTEC的大部分股份。CENTEC有27万ft^2自动化装备的工厂，价值680万美元的机械设备，和可进行9道工序涂饰作业的涂饰车间，木材由自有的2000英亩可持续经营的林分供给。Baby’s Drem Furniture公司总裁称，此项收购使该公司的供应链纵向上趋于完整，在与大量进行海外加工的制造商的竞争中，从战略上将处于有利地位。收购以后，公司仍将继续突出其给零售商以优质服务的特色,     

Zu Prekler’s „rationellem Baldwirth“

Ohne Zusammenfassung f. f?chf. Dberforftmeifter. f. bahr. Regierungs- und Forftrath von Mürzburg. f. preuk. Dberforftmeifter aus Breslau. f. f?chf. Dberforftmeifter. f. bahr. Regierungs- und Forftrath von Augsburg. f. bahr. Regierungs- und Forftrath aus Regensburg. Dberj?germeifter von Braunfchweig. f. bahr. Regierungs- und Forftrath aus München. f. f?chf. Dberf?rfter. f. f?chf. Dberforftmeifter. f. f?chf. Dberforftrath. herz. braunfchweig. Forftmeifter von Blanfenburg. Direftor der fürftlich Cfterhazh’fchen Herrfchaft Spoly Parsto. fürftl. fondershauf. Dberfortmeifter. f. bahr. Redierf?rfter don Schmarzenbach. f. preuk. Dberf?rfter. f. f. Forftrath aus Brekburg. f. preuk. Dberf?rfter von Altruppin. f. hann?v. Forftmeifter von Rienburg. Forftmeifter in preuk. Schleften. f. preuk. Dberforftmeifter von Berlin. herz. aftenburg. Dberfortmeifter. f. preuk. Dberf?rfter. f. f?chf. Dberf?rfter. f. ruff. Forftfomiff?r aus Marfchau. f. preuk. Forftinfpeftor. f. f?chf. Forftinfpeftor. grokh. meimar. Forftinfpeftor von Martfuhl. f. mürttb. Dberf?rfter und Brofeffor aus Hohenheim. f. hannov. Forftmeifter aus Hammeln. Dberforftmeifter aus Sotha. herz. altenburg. Dberf?rfter aus Hummelshain. herz. altenburg. Revierf?rfter aus Milchwig. herz. altenburg. geheimer Finanzrath und Dberforftmeifter. herz. altenb. Dberforftmeifter aus Hummelshain. grokh. f?chf. geheimer Dberforftrath aus Qifenach. herz. naffau. Dberforftrath aus Miesbaden. grokh. heff. Dberforftfefret?r aus Darmftadt. f. f?chf. Dberforftmeifter.     

Poisson’s ratios of an oriented strand board

In the assessment of the structural adequacy of oriented strand board (OSB) members by design calculation, the need for the boards Poissons ratios often becomes evident. However, mention of Poissons ratios as a relevant mechanical property is seldom made in wood-based panel test and design standards. The short-term principal Poissons ratios of a typical OSB has been determined from tension tests. Mean values of 0.23 and 0.16 have been obtained for the major and minor Poissons ratios, respectively. The experimentally determined Poissons ratios appear consistent with the values estimated from the panel shear and tension moduli of elasticity. Complementary values of the Poissons ratios in bending have been estimated from the bending moduli of elasticity and tension test results for the panel. Efficiency in the assessment of OSB by design calculation follows from knowledge of Poissons ratios. However, for this benefit to be realised in routine design, the Poissons ratios of structural grade OSB need to be available.     

Discussion on Status and Functions of China’s Forestry

In recent years, the quantity and quality of global forest resources are declining continually. Contrarily, the both in China are increasing, which is deeply related to the sustainable forest management and eco-system management in China. With the trend that world community knows more about the important role of forest, more and more functions of forest are recognized. The impact and functions of China’s forestry deserve more concern. Based on some experiences in the field of forestry research, the authors introduced and analyzed the key role of China’s forestry for the sustainable development, and explained the functions of China’s forestry, such as ensuring ecological safety, addressing climate change, improving economic development, promoting social harmony and prospering ecological culture.     

China’s Forests and Their Impact on Global Carbon Cycle

Forests have multiple benefits and functions, including mitigation of climate change. The impacts of forests on the global carbon cycle include forests as carbon sinks, wood-based products as carbon sinks, bio-energy, and production and use of non-timber products. In the past decades, forest cover of China has increased from 8.6% to 18.21% by large-scale afforestation and conversion of cropland into forests. Forest biomass carbon (C) stock increased from 4.3 Pg C (1 Pg C = 1 015 g C) in the early 1980s to 5...     

Forecast of China’s Forestation Area Based on ARIMA Model

Man-made forest, which is the forest ecosystem of rehabilitation and reconstruction, plays a significant role in the provision of forest products and improvement the ecological environment. In this paper, we established the AR (5) model to predict China's forest area from 2009 to 2015. This study shows the slow growth of the national plantation area trend with some fluctuations, but the overall growth rate is not large. We proposed that on one hand China should continue to increase the plantation area, on t...     

Ideas on Policy Framework of China’s Bamboo Industry Development

1 FUNCTION AND INSTRUMENT OF INDUSTRY POLICY In a market economy, the relationship of supply and demand and the price lever adjust the direction and the scale of investment, and competition mechanism determines the survival of enterprises. Therefore, the industrial scale, structure and pattern can be achieved through the market mechanism. However, due to market failure, market dysfunction and other reasons, it cannot often achieve the optimal allocation of resources solely relyin…     

Regional differences of water conservation in Beijing’s forest ecosystem

The water conservation capacities of main forests in Beijing,China were estimated through the quantitative analysis.Various methods developed in published papers on forest hydrology were employed.The forests in Huairou,Yanqing,Miyun,Mentougou and Fangshan districts are the main contributors to water conservation(the cumulative ratio reaches 65%),and the forests in Tongzhou,Chaoyang,Shunyi and Daxing districts have the highest water conservation capacity(3000 m3/ha).Altitude and slope are the key factors to affect the water conservation capacity.The forests located in Plain Area,Hilly Area,Low Mountain,and Middle Mountain contributes 27%,28%,24% and 21% of the conserved water,respectively.The water conservation capacity of forests in Plain Area(2 948 m3/ha),is superior to the forests in other regions.And the forests situated on Flat Slope,Moderate Slope and Gentle Slope constitute the largest proportion(nearly 93%) of water conservation,while the forests on Flat Slope has the highest water conservation capacity(2 797 m3/ha),and the forest on Steep slope has the lowest water conservation capacity(948 m3/ha).     

Emission Removal Capability of India’s Forest and Tree Cover

India is the world’s tenth most forested nation with 76.87 M ha of forest and tree cover occupying 23.4% of its geographical area. Forests—with their intrinsic of carbon sequestration and storage values—are in the front line of India’s climate change mitigation strategies. This paper provides estimates of sequestered carbon in India’s forest and tree cover for the years 1995 and 2005 as per the IPCC good practice guidelines method. It is based on the primary data for the soil carbon pool through collecting soil samples by laying out quadrats across the country and secondary data for the growing stock of all forest and tree cover in the country. The estimates are compared with current and future projected emissions. It is found that conservation policies have resulted in increase of the country’s forest carbon stocks from 6244.8 to 6621.6 Mt with an annual increment of 37.7 Mt of the carbon from 1995 to 2005. Annual CO₂ removal by the forests is enough to neutralise 9.3% of the country’s 2000 level emissions. Continued removals by the forest and tree cover would offset 6.5 and 4.9% of India’s projected annual emissions in 2010 and 2020 respectively. Economically, the annual value of this forest carbon in the international market is about US $188 million. The result is of use in the REDD and REDD+ context for India.     

Assessment of China’s Green Public Procurement Policy on Forest Products

<正>How to effectively meet the globally increasing demands for forest products and meanwhile put forest resources and eco-environment under better protection for achieving the balance between protection and growth is a long-term challenge in face of the international community.China is the largest country in world forest products import/export.In such sense,the realistic state and future orientation of China's forest product procurement policy will impose considerable impacts on and play a significant role in forestry industry development in China as well as the global sustainable forestry development.In view of the state and trend of forest product procurement by Chinese enterprises,the paper analyzed the problems and challenges facing China's green procurement of forest product based on the results of field survey carried out for different types of forest product processors,including customers' weak awareness of green consumption,deficient green procurement resources of forest products,high prices of green procured products,limited list of forest products under green procurement,lack of laws and regulations for green public procurement and lack of policy support and green market planning.At the same time,by comparing and learning the experiences and lessons of the UK,Japan,France, Netherland and other countries in green public procurement of forest products,the paper,in line with the national and forest conditions in China,proposed some policy recommendations,e.g. strengthening dissemination and education for raising the awareness of green consumption, updating laws and regulations for government green procurement,adopting marketing means to encourage green enterprises development,updating green product lists to incorporate more green procurement enterprises into government green procurement programs,establishing monitoring and execution mechanism for green procurement and enhancing the oversight of green procurement,with the aim to facilitate China's green procurement process of forest products and quicken China's pace of green socioeconomic transition.     

Carbon Cautious: Israel’s Afforestation Experience and Approach to Sequestration

During the past 60 years, afforestation has transformed Israel’s landscape, with forests planted or planned on 10% of the country’s land, much of it with less than 300 mm of annual precipitation. After early efforts to establish a successful commercial timber industry failed, recreation and ecosystem services came to dominate forestry policy objectives. Given Israel’s status as a ‘developing country’ under the Kyoto Protocol, forests’ economic potential through carbon sequestration has been explored, but has not yet proven to be compelling. Several considerations cooled initial enthusiasm for seeking international carbon credits through afforestation. These include administrative obstacles associated with international accreditation, limited potential economic profitability, and ethical considerations. Rather, a voluntary offsetting program was adopted, allowing donors to plant trees in Israel, that balance individual carbon emissions. Afforestation in drylands exhibit meaningful potential to counteract chronic carbon loss due to land degradation. As trees planted in Israel’s semi-arid regions exhibit surprisingly high carbon sequestration properties that are comparable to forests in temperate Europe, the potential for offsetting may become a growing factor in local forestry policy once Israel begins to regulate CO₂ emissions.     

Institution, Legislation and Policy Analysis of China’s Wetland Protection

Wetland protection is a complex issue. In the executive system of wetland preservation, the central government is the main body of policy formulation and implementation. Although China has taken many steps to protect wetlands, there are still some institutional, legal and policy problems in the area of wetland protection. This article presents an analysis of these factors. First, the authors state and analyze the major legal and management problems currently hampering wetland protection in China. Then the authors believe that in the future, new problems of wetland protection will arise. Given the following three major aspects of wetland protection in China： i.e., the policy, law and management systems, this article provides some relevant suggestions in the area of policies and management.     

Development Trend of Foreign Trade Policy for China’s Forest Industry

The paper analyzed the current status of foreign trade of forest industry in China and the national and international market changes. Based on the analysis, the orientation and transformation of foreign trade policy for China’s forest industry were discussed.     

Institution, Legislation and Policy Analysis of China’s Wetland Protection

Wetland protection is a complex issue. In the executive system of wetland preservation, the central government is the main body of policy formulation and implementation. Although China has taken many steps to protect wetlands, there are still some institutional, legal and policy problems in the area of wetland protection. This article presents an analysis of these factors. First, the authors state and analyze the major legal and management problems currently hampering wetland protection in China. Then the authors believe that in the future, new problems of wetland protection will arise. Given the following three major aspects of wetland protection in China: i.e., the policy, law and management systems, this article provides some relevant suggestions in the area of policies and management.     

The Bioeconomic Potential for Agroforestry in Australia’s Northern Grazing Systems

Although agriculture generates 16% of Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions, it also has the potential to sequester large quantities of emissions through land use management options such as agroforestry. Whilst there is an extensive amount of agroforestry literature, little has been written on the economic consequences of adopting silvopastoral systems in northern Australia. This paper reports the financial viability of adopting complementary agroforestry systems in the low rainfall region of northern Australia. The analysis incorporates the dynamic tradeoffs between tree and pasture growth, likely forest product yields, carbon sequestration and livestock methane emissions in a bioeconomic model. The results suggest there are financial benefits for landholders who integrate complementary agroforestry activities into existing grazing operations at even modest carbon prices.