猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型Rep基因在PK15细胞中的表达及特性

为研究猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV2)Rep基因在PK15细胞中的表达特性，通过PCR方法克隆了PCV2杭州株(HZ0201)Rep基因全长945bp片段，与真核表达栽体pCI—neo构建为重组质粒pCI-PCV2-Rep。pCI-PCV2-Rep质粒转染PK15细胞后48h，通过RT-PCR可检测到PCV2 Rep mRNA的转录；用猪PCV2多抗血清作间接免疫荧光试验，可检测到Rep基因表达产物。在表达量低的细胞中，PCV2 Rep蛋白主要位于PK15的细胞浆，在表达量高的细胞中，细胞浆和细胞核中均含有大量的Rep蛋白，表明Rep对PK15细胞的细胞浆和细胞核的亲嗜性没有明显差别。     

传染性支气管炎病毒S1蛋白在Vero细胞的表达与分布

将传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）ZJ971 S1基因亚克隆到绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）表达载体pEGFP—C2中，成功构建重组表达质粒pEGFP—ZJ971-S1。重组质粒在脂质体的介导下转染Vero细胞，借助荧光显微镜在转染后4h观察到S1—GFP融合蛋白的瞬时表达。免疫细胞化学染色（ICC）结果显示，抗ZJ971 S1D蛋白单克隆抗体和鸡抗IBVZJ971全病毒血清特异性识别了S1基因转染细胞，表明S1蛋白在Vero细胞中得到有效表达。荧光显微镜观察和ICC均表明，S1表达蛋白主要分布在转染细胞的胞浆内，而胞核中未见分布，提示IBVS1蛋白内可能存在与病毒装配相关的细胞定位信号。     

猪圆环病毒2型Rep’蛋白单克隆抗体制备及其抗原表位鉴定

为制备猪圆环病毒2型Rep’蛋白单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究采用淋巴细胞瘤杂交技术制备其MAb,获得了1株能够稳定分泌抗PCV2-Rep’蛋白的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为3D1株。MAb亚类鉴定为IgG1/κ型,腹水效价达1∶819 200。Western blot分析表明,该MAb可与重组杆状病毒表达的PCV2-rRep’和PCV2-rRep蛋白发生特异性反应,具有良好的特异性和反应原性。采用MAb对PCV2感染细胞中Rep’蛋白抗原性进行了鉴定,证明该MAb能够与病毒Rep’蛋白产生特异性反应。采用合成肽扫描法对MAb对应的抗原表位鉴定,其核心序列为61FANFVKKQTFNKV73,位于PCV2-Rep’蛋白的N末端。制备的MAb及其抗原表位鉴定,为该病毒分子生物学及诊断技术的研究奠定了基础。     

犬圆环病毒Rep蛋白的原核表达

犬圆环病毒(CanineCV)是一种新发现的圆环病毒。制备针对CaineCV Rep的抗体,为建立CaineCV ELISA检测方法及研究Rep蛋白的功能奠定基础。以CaineCV基因组作为模板,扩增出Rep基因序列。PCR产物克隆至pET-28a原核表达载体上,获得了重组质粒pET(28a)-Rep。将重组质粒转入大肠埃希菌BL21感受态细胞后进行诱导表达,SDS-PAGE分析表明重组Rep蛋白在大肠埃希菌BL21中获得表达。Western blot分析表明,重组蛋白能与Anti-His标签抗体发生特异性反应。该研究构建了pET(28a)-Rep重组原核表达质粒,并在大肠埃希菌中获得表达,为进一步制备Rep的抗体奠定了基础。     

猪圆环病毒2型衣壳蛋白(Cap)在293T细胞中的亚细胞定位

猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)ORF2基因编码病毒的核衣壳蛋白(Cap),该蛋白属于病毒保护性抗原,具有重要免疫功能。本研究以PCV2871毒株基因组为模板,用特异性上下游引物扩增获得ORF2基因,利用真核表达载体构建了表达PCV2Cap蛋白的重组质粒pCAGGS-ORF2。采用脂质体将pCAGGS-ORF2转染至293T细胞,用抗PCV2-Cap单克隆抗体对重组质粒转染细胞进行了免疫活性分析和免疫荧光检测,表明Cap蛋白在细胞中获得表达;利用共聚焦显微镜对Cap蛋白在293T细胞中的亚细胞定位观察结果表明,转染24h后可见Cap蛋白的表达随培养时间延长显著增多,72h达到高峰,表达的Cap蛋白主要分布在细胞核中。构建的pCAGGS-ORF2真核表达重组质粒在293T细胞中的表达,为进一步PCV2基因疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

NDPKB真核表达载体的构建及其对细胞生长活性的影响

将目的基因NDPKB连接到pEGFP—N1真核表达载体，转染Vero细胞，通过增强型绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP）和Westernblotting分析，鉴定构建的pEGFP—NDPKB真核表达载体的正确性；利用生物信息学工具分析预测NDPKB蛋白的三维结构和可能存在的活性位点；MTT试验检测NDPKB对细胞生长活性的影响。结果显示，pEGFP-NDPKB真核表达载体构建成功，在Vero细胞中NDPKB和GFP蛋白能有效地融合表达。在线预测了NDPKB蛋白的三维结构和可能存在的活性位点。MTT试验结果表明，NDPKB对Vero细胞生长活性的抑制率为25．8％，对A549细胞生长活性的抑制率为22．7％。结果表明，NDPKB能够抑制细胞的生长，对细胞的凋亡具有正调节作用。     

稳定表达携带SFB标签的猪圆环病毒2型Cap蛋白细胞株的构建及其凋亡活性检测

为建立稳定表达携带SFB标签的猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)Cap蛋白的细胞株并研究其诱导凋亡活性,本研究利用Gateway系统构建真核表达载体p DEST-SFB-ORF2,转染PK15细胞,嘌呤霉素抗性筛选,western blot和免疫共沉淀试验鉴定,获得2株稳定表达携带SFB标签的Cap蛋白的PK15细胞株。间接免疫荧光检测发现重组Cap蛋白在部分细胞内呈点状荧光分布,可能形成病毒性颗粒;流式细胞仪检测表明Cap蛋白的表达可诱导PK15细胞凋亡。本研究成功表达携带SFB标签的PCV2 Cap蛋白,并验证了其诱导凋亡活性,同时为下一步通过串联亲合纯化/质谱方法鉴定Cap蛋白的互作蛋白研究奠定基础。     

猪Ⅱ型圆环病毒全基因组序列分析及其ORFl和ORF2基因的克隆与表达

猪II型圆环病毒(PCV＿2)的2个主要开放阅读框ORF1和ORF2分别编码病毒的复制酶Rep和结构蛋白Cap。本试验将分离株L株病毒感染PK15细胞系,提取总DNA并以其为模板,通过PCR分别扩增了全病毒基因组、完整的Rep和Cap基因,并克隆到pMD18T载体中,进行了序列测定。将Rep和Cap基因亚克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pPROEXTMHT中,以融合蛋白的形式表达了这两种蛋白。根据文献报道,致病性的PCV＿2与无致病性的PCV1的型特异性抗原决定簇主要位于Cap基因的羧基端部分,本实验利用原核表达载体pGEX＿6p＿1融合表达了Cap基因羧基端423bp的片段。通过薄层扫描各重组菌诱导表达产物的SDS＿PAGE结果,重组质粒pPRO＿Cap和pPRO＿Rep以及pGEX＿ΔCap的外源基因表达量分别占总菌体总蛋白的15.1%、30.4%和19.6%。将表达的三种蛋白作为抗原,通过酶联免疫吸附试验分别与PCV＿2阳性猪血清和SPF猪血清进行了反应,pGEX＿ΔCap表达的蛋白(Cap蛋白的羧基端部分)抗原反应性最强,这表明截短的Cap蛋白羧基端部分将是一个良好的诊断PCV＿2感染用候选抗原。     

PCV2复制起始区DNA互作蛋白的筛选及PARP1蛋白对病毒复制的调控

旨在筛选PK-15细胞中与猪圆环病毒2型(porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)复制起始区(origin of replication, Ori)互作的细胞蛋白谱,并初步探究PARP1蛋白对PCV2复制的调控。利用DNA-protein pull down结合LC-MS/MS方法筛选PCV2复制起始区DNA互作蛋白;对互作蛋白进行GO分析以及KEGG通路富集分析,并绘制蛋白互作网络图。在对互作蛋白进行分析的基础上,选择聚(ADP-核糖)聚合酶1(PARP1)蛋白,开展了深入研究。构建了PARP1蛋白以及PCV2复制蛋白Rep真核表达质粒,并利用DNA-protein pull down及DNA IP试验验证PARP1蛋白与PCV2 Ori的互作;通过Co-IP试验,研究了PARP1蛋白与PCV2 Rep蛋白的互作;在细胞中过表达或沉默PARP1蛋白,通过qPCR方法检测对PCV2复制的影响。本研究共鉴定到130种可能与Ori互作的宿主蛋白,其中,与DNA功能相关的蛋白共有45种,主要涉及宿主DNA损伤修复及DNA复制功能;验证了PARP1蛋白与PCV2基因组Or...     

表达猪圆环病毒2型Rep蛋白的重组杆状病毒的构建与鉴定

猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)是近年来新发现的引起断奶仔猪多系统衰弱综合征的主要病原,含有两个主要的阅读框ORF1和ORF2,分别编码复制相关蛋白(Rep)和核衣壳蛋白(Cap)。为了探究ORF1基因结构及其与功能的关系,本研究利用Bac-to-Bac杆状病毒表达系统将PCV2的ORF1基因克隆到杆状病毒转移载体pFastBacTMDual中,获得重组转移载体pFBD-ORF1,再将其转化进含穿梭载体Bacmid的感受态细胞DH10Bac中,经蓝白菌落筛选获得含有ORF1基因的重组穿梭载体rBacmid-ORF1,经脂质体介导转染昆虫细胞sf9,获得重组杆状病毒rAc-Rep,SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting分析可见大小约为36ku的特异性条带,表明rAc-Rep在sf9中成功表达了PCV2Rep蛋白。     

Inhibition of porcine circovirus type 1 and type 2 production in PK-15 cells by small interfering RNAs targeting the Rep gene

Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) and type 2 (PCV2) are two genotypes of porcine circovirus. Both of them are presumed to be widespread in the swine population. Currently, there is no specific treatment for their infections. RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific RNA degradation mechanism mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA), which represents a possible therapeutic application for the treatment of viral infections. In this study, three siRNA expression plasmids (pS-RepA, pS-RepB and pS-RepC) were generated to target three different coding regions of the Rep protein (Rep) of PCV. These siRNAs were used to inhibit PCV production in a porcine kidney cell line, PK-15 cells. Our results revealed that Rep gene expression was inhibited by pS-RepA, pS-RepB and pS-RepC to different degrees. Moreover, our study also showed that the production of PCV1 and PCV2 was reduced by these siRNAs. pS-RepC, which targets the middle region of Rep gene, proved to be the most efficient siRNA for inhibition of Rep expression and viral production. Taken together, our data suggest that RNAi could be investigated as a potential treatment for PCV infection.     

Retrospective serological survey of antibodies to porcine circovirus type 1 and type 2.

A retrospective serological survey was performed to determine the presence of antibodies to porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in serum samples collected from sows at slaughterhouses in Canada in 1985, 1989, and 1997. Each serum sample was tested by indirect immunofluorescence on PCV-free PK15 cells, on PCV1-infected PK15 cells and on PCV2-infected PK15 cells. For the 3 years studied, sera positive to PCV1 and PCV2 were identified and the number of sera positive for PCV2 was greater than the number of sera positive for PCV1. The results indicated 1) that PCV2 appears to be the main PCV type circulating in the Canadian pig population, 2) that PCV2 had been circulating in the Canadian pig population at least 10 years before the postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) was reported, and 3) that serological evaluation using PCV1 underestimates the seroprevalence of PCV2.     

Examination for a viral co-factor in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)

In order to test the hypothesis that a putative co-factor for the development of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in pigs could be of viral origin, we performed extensive virological examinations on organ material from pigs diagnosed with PMWS originating from within a Danish PMWS-transmission study. Virus isolation attempts were carried out on a large panel of different cell types including primary pig kidney cells and lung macrophages, primary rabbit kidney cells and seven established cell lines (MARC-145, ST117, PK15, BHK21, HeLa, Vero, and MDCK). Although these represent cells with susceptibility to a wide range of known viruses, the results did not provide evidence for a specific virus other than PCV2 contributing to the development of PMWS. Furthermore, in order to test whether specific genotypes of PCV2 may trigger the switch from PCV2 infection to clinical disease, we compared complete DNA genome sequences of PCV2 derived from PMWS-positive as well as PMWS-negative pigs. On the basis of the DNA sequences, the PCV2 isolates were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisting of one isolate originating from a herd unaffected by PMWS, with group 2 consisting of nine isolates originating from four PMWS-affected herds, four PMWS-positive pigs plus one unaffected herd. The PCV2 genomes from the two groups showed 95.5% identity. Alignment analyses of the sequences encoding the replicase and capsid protein from group 1 and group 2 PCV2 isolates showed two amino acid differences encoded in the replicase protein, while 19 amino acid differences were predicted among the capsid protein sequences. The PCV2 DNA sequence analysis supports recent observations from studies in USA as well as Europe, which suggest that strain variations may influence the clinical outcome of PCV2 infection.     

猪圆环病毒血清I型和II型的PCR鉴别

根据基因库中猪圆环病毒 (PCV)的基因序列 ,设计并合成了 3条引物 ,建立复合PCR,对 2株 PK-1 5细胞及一些疑似 PCV感染的病料进行了 PCV检测。结果 2株 PK-1 5细胞和所有病料都可扩增出 PCV-1的基因片段 ,其中 1株 PK-1 5细胞和一些病料还扩增得到了PCV-2的 DNA片段。证明应用设计的引物进行复合 PCR快速检测 PCV可行 ,为 PCV的检测分型及 PCV相关疾病的诊断奠定了基础     

猪圆环病毒2型Cap蛋白单克隆抗体的制备

本研究利用已构建的基因工程重组菌表达猪圆环病毒2型(porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)ORF2编码的Cap蛋白,纯化后作为免疫原,免疫8周龄BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合。经间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)筛选及有限稀释法进行3次亚克隆后,本试验最终获得5株稳定分泌抗PCV2 Cap蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为3D12、4D5、4B9、4C9和4G10。其中4D5为IgG2b亚型,其余4株单克隆抗体均为IgG1亚型,轻链类型均为κ。Western blotting鉴定结果表明获得的5株单克隆抗体均不能特异性的识别47 ku重组PCV2 Cap蛋白;对病毒感染细胞进行IFA试验,结果显示5株单克隆抗体均特异性的识别病毒抗原,表明5株单克隆抗体识别的抗原表位均为构象表位。中和试验结果表明,5株单克隆抗体均有中和活性。本试验结果为进一步探索ORF2基因的结构、功能及建立快速准确的诊断方法奠定了基础。     

Preparation of Monoclonal Antibodies against Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Cap Protein

The structural protein Cap encoded by ORF2 of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) was expressed in genetic engineering recombinant bacteria and used as the immunogen after purification.Five hybridoma cell lines against PCV2 Cap protein named as 3D12,4D5,4B9,4C9 and 4G10,respectively,were developed after fusion between SP2/0 myeloma cells and spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with purified recombinant PCV2 Cap protein.Except the heavy chain type of 4D5 was identified as IgG2b,others were identified as IgG1;The light chains were all kappa.In Western blotting assay,all the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) couldn't specifically recognize the 47 ku recombinant PCV2 Cap protein,but showed strong specific fluorescence in PCV2 infected PK15 cells in IFA,which indicated that all the mAbs recognized comformational epitope.The neutralization test showed that all the mAbs had neutralization activity.These results laid the foundation for further study of the structure and function of PCV2 ORF2 gene,and establishment of the method for diagnosing PCV2 rapidly and exactly.     

猪圆环病毒2型的分离与鉴定

利用PCR方法，从疑似断奶猪多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)的自然病例的淋巴结和脾脏中扩增出了预期长度的猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine Circovirus type 2，PCV2)的DNA片段，并用限制性内切酶对PCR产物进行了酶切鉴定。将经PCR扩增和酶切鉴定为PCV2阳性的组织样品匀浆液接种到无PCV污染的PK15细胞中传代，经间接免疫荧光检查，在接毒细胞内观察到了特异性免疫荧光；用接毒细胞制备超薄切片，在电镜下观察到了直径大约为17nm的圆形病毒样粒子和大量不同形态的胞浆内包涵体。由此表明分离出的病毒为猪圆环病毒2型。