菠萝蜜“一叶一芽”绿枝扦插技术研究

将菠萝蜜1年生嫩枝剪成段,每段插穗带1片完整叶片,生根处理后扦插,喷施叶面肥管理,测定其生根成活情况,并试验插穗不同部位扦插的效果。结果表明,插穗经200 mg/L IBA+NAA+动物骨灰浸出液生根处理后扦插,加上叶面喷施有机营养液可有效提高插穗发根率和成活率,并增加根量。同一枝梢,中部生根成苗效果最好。     

Propagation of Plants by Root Cuttings: I. Regeneration of Raspberry Root Cuttings

Some varieties of raspberries can readily be propagated from root cuttings. The method is more rapid than the traditional use of root suckers and might be useful in the initial multiplication of raspberry clones. Recommendations are made regarding choice and preparation of parent root material, method of making and planting cuttings, and subsequent management of the plants produced. The behaviour of raspberry root cuttings at various seasons and in different environments is described and discussed.     

Notes on the Vegetative Propagation of Cacao by Cuttings

Many investigations at the West African Cacao Research Institute require the production of uniform clones of cacao. Although Amelonado, which is the name adopted for the most predominant variety of cacao in West Africa, appears to be genetically uniform, it has been considered advisable to use self-rooted clones for such detailed work as the definition of virus symptomatology. Also many of the Institute’s disease and pest resistant selections are known to be heterozygous types of cacao, and investigations on these must of necessity be carried out on clonal material. Cacao can be rapidly propagated by budding, but this method introduces the variability associated with seedling rootstocks.     

基质配比对香石竹扦插成苗的影响

以香石竹品种‘云之蝶’(WR)和‘马斯特’(R3)为试材,采用随机区组设计,研究不同基质配比对香石竹2个品种扦插成苗的影响.结果表明:当基质配比为珍珠岩:草炭=5∶1时,2个品种的扦插生根率和成苗率均最高,且根系质量最好,不合格苗最少,是较好的基质选择.     

冬樱花扦插苗与实生苗对不同形态无机氮素吸收的动力学特征分析

以冬樱花（Cerasus cerasoides[D. Don]Sok）扦插苗和实生苗为试材,研究其在水培条件下对外源铵态N（氮）和硝态N比例（5︰0、4︰1、3︰2、2︰3、1︰4）处理中铵态N、硝态N和总无机N素在24 h后的吸收动力学响应。结果表明：随着外源铵：硝比例的降低,铵态N的净流速逐渐下降,硝态N的净流速逐渐上升,扦插苗吸收的总无机N素净流速在外源铵︰硝比为3︰2时达到最大（6.70 ± 0.34）μmol ? h-1后下降,而实生苗在外源铵︰硝比为1︰4时达到最大（14.88 ± 1.99）μmol ? h-1;总体上,总无机N素进入扦插苗的平均净流速[（4.76 ± 1.29）μmol ? h-1]低于实生苗[（12.95 ± 1.35）μmol ? h-1]（P < 0.05）,但两种苗木间净吸收速率差异不显著（32 ~ 34 μmol ? h-1 ? g-1）。养分吸收动力学参数拟合结果显示,扦插苗更加偏好于吸收硝态N,实生苗则更加偏好于吸收铵态N,但当外源铵硝比小于4︰1时,两种苗木同时偏向于对硝态N的吸收。控制外源铵硝比例在3︰2可以促进冬樱花扦插苗对无机N素的吸收,而控制外源铵硝比例在2︰3以下则更有利于实生苗对无机N素的吸收。     

果树硬枝插条电热线温床催根育苗的经验与教训

在伊犁地区,1998年前葡萄主要采用露地扦插和嫁接繁殖,从1998年开始大规模使用电热线温床催根培育酿酒葡萄和鲜食葡萄营养袋扦插苗。同葡萄电热线温床催根育苗相比,野酸梅、红枣、苹果梨的传统苗木繁殖方法都存在着苗龄较长、育苗规模小、相对成本高的劣势。本试验就是将野酸梅     

Propagation of Black Currants from Single-Bud Cuttings

Black currants are readily propagated from single-bud hardwood cuttings approximately i inch long, with the bud at the top and planted vertically. The best part of the shoot from which to take such cuttings is the lower- mid portion (buds 15-22).

Optimum rooting is obtained from cuttings planted in January, February and March after dormancy has broken in the field, but by using 24-hour day-length successful rooting can be extended from October to March. The emergence of flowers in March-planted cuttings slightly reduces rooting.

Thirteen commercial varieties have been propagated successfully by this method.

Suitable softwood and semi- hardwood cuttings are available when the current season's shoots are 12 nodes or more in length, i.e. normally in late April. When these are planted in a propagation frame with soil heating, good rooting is obtained from April to June provided the subtending leaf is retained during the rooting period.

Twenty-four-hour day-length increases the rooting of cuttings planted in July; lack of rooting after July is attributed to early leaf abscission, the initiation of flowers and the onset of dormancy.     

Rooting Softwood Cuttings of Adult Pistacia Vera

Successful propagation of softwood cuttings taken from mature trees (over 6 years old) of Pistacia vera was achieved after treatments which included very high concentrations (up to 45 000 ppm) of IBA.     

不同浓度硫代硫酸银和苯甲酸钠组合对牡丹切花衰老的调节作用

以牡丹"朱砂垒"品种为试材,在常规保鲜液成分的基础上添加一定浓度的硫代硫酸银(STS)和不同浓度的苯甲酸钠(SB),筛选对延长牡丹切花瓶插寿命和相关生理特性的适宜处理浓度。结果表明:STS+SB处理能延长牡丹切花的单花寿命,有利于提高花瓣中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量,增强超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量和花瓣浸出液相对电导率(REC)的上升幅度;其中以STS 0.5mmol·L~(-1)+SB 300mg·L~(-1)处理效果最好。     

番茄侧枝扦插研究进展

总结了番茄侧枝扦插的几种类型及其优缺点,扦插方法、扦插后的调控管理、插条的生理生化等研究进展,进而探讨了番茄侧枝扦插的应用前景。     

绣球属品种资源收集及扦插生根能力比较

通过对绣球属品种资源收集和扦插繁殖试验,筛选出7个品种进行园艺性状考察和评价,并对7个品种扦插繁殖能力和其中2个品种扦插生根过程进行了比较。结果表明:八仙花品种"雷蒙特"只是皮层生根;圆锥绣球"白玉"有皮层和愈伤组织2种生根方式;在试验中,"小町""佐罗"和银边八仙花3个八仙花品种生根能力强于其它品种,生根率达到100.00%,圆锥绣球"白玉"生根难,其生根率仅为71.43%;耐寒绣球"贝拉安娜"和圆锥绣球"白玉"的根系数量均比八仙花的少,八仙花品种根系数量多。     

美丽翠雀的茎枝扦插研究

 美丽翠雀( Delphinium‘Schloss Wilhelmschohe’) 可在春、夏季用茎枝进行扦插繁殖。切取新生茎枝顶端12～15 cm枝条为插穗, 用IBA 5～10 mg·L^-1浸泡基部1 h 后在珍珠岩∶腐叶土∶粗砂= 1∶1∶2 (体积比) 的基质上扦插效果较为理想。     

野生毛葡萄扦插与嫁接试验

以难生根的野生毛葡萄插条为试材,研究基质配比、不同植物生长调节剂配比对其扦插生根率的影响。结果表明:经过吲哚丁酸(IBA)150mg/L处理后扦插在河沙:珍珠岩:泥炭体积比(1:1:1)的混合基质上,同时经过根部加温,插条缠膜,基质覆膜等综合技术措施,生根率可以达到67.5%;用50mg/L维生素C处理葡萄接穗后嫁接在野生毛葡萄砧木上,显著提高了嫁接成活率。     

锦屏藤水插生根的研究

以锦屏藤(Cissus sicyoides 'Ovata')枝条为插穗就其水插生根特点进行了试验研究.结果表明:锦屏藤水插4～6 d即萌发出不定根;以木质化老枝插穗生根数最多,半木质化中等成熟枝次之,未木质化嫩枝生根最少;水插生根最适宜的环境温度为25℃;水插前用15 mg/L吲哚丁酸(IBA)浸渍基部48 h,可显著促进插穗水插生根.     

IBA对文冠果硬枝扦插根系形态指标的影响

对文冠果硬枝扦插苗生根根系形态特征进行定量分析,研究其根系总长度、根系总表面积、总体积等根系形态指标及其与IBA浓度变化的关系.结果表明:与清水对照(CK)相比较,IBA显著(P＜0.05)提高了插穗根系总根长、总表面积、总体积形态指标;随着IBA浓度的升高,根系各形态指标呈现先升高后降低的趋势,总根长和总表面积峰值均出现在IBA浓度为800 mg/L,且生根率达到了65.40％;经IBA处理的插穗生根根系主要分布在径级＞2.0 mm区间;根系总根长、总表面积、总体积与IBA浓度相关性均达到显著性水平.经回归分析,当IBA浓度保持在795～820 mg/L时,文冠果插穗可获得较高的根系形态指标.     

稀土对番茄扦插生根的影响

稀土是镧系元素及其性质相近的钪和钇等 17种金属元素的总称,对改善植物的生理代谢、生长、繁殖、品质以及产量具有积极的作用〔1, 2〕。番茄用侧枝扦插繁殖,对缩短秋延后番茄育苗时间,以及节约种子、降低成本、对稀有材料的保存利用具有实际意义。有研究S3307对番茄生根具有促进作用〔3〕,但稀土对番茄扦插生根的作用未见报道,笔者就此进行研究,以期为稀土在番茄扦插育苗中的应用提供依据。1　材料与方法1. 1　材料　供试番茄为花溪红,供试稀土为河南商丘稀土微肥厂生产的常乐—益植素。1. 2　方法　2003年 1月 15日于温室电热温床中…     

土壤干旱和盐胁迫对帕洛特王幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

以山龙眼科木本切花植物帕洛特王1 a生扦插苗为材料,研究其对土壤干旱和盐胁迫的生长、形态及生理生化反应的影响.结果表明:干旱及盐胁迫对帕洛特王幼苗的生长及各器官的生物量积累无显著影响.干旱条件下,根/冠比显著增加,说明该植物可以通过地上地下生物量的分配来积极地适应干旱.盐胁迫下,帕洛特王幼苗叶片相对含水量显著下降,叶绿素a含量显著上升,抗氧化酶活性及可溶性渗透调节物质也显著增加,说明该植物可通过一系列生理生化特性的改变来积极抵抗盐胁迫.在该研究中,干旱处理及盐处理对帕洛特王植株影响较小,说明帕洛特王对于土壤干旱及盐分具有一定的耐受性.     

激素处理和取穗枝条部位对长春花扦插生根的影响

以盆栽红色长春花为试材,研究了激素处理和取穗枝条部位对长春花扦插生根的影响.结果表明:用单一激素NAA、IBA、ABT-6进行处理时,以50 m/L ABT-6处理的扦插生根效果较好,生根率达63.70％,平均生根数4.31条,平均根长1.27 cm;50 mg/L ABT-6溶液浸泡9h效果优于其它时间处理,生根率达82.96％,平均生根数6.61条,平均根长2.40 cm;2种激素组合以ABT-6 50 mg/L+NAA 15 mg/L最好,生根率达100％,平均生根数11.76条,平均根长4.68 cm;不同取穗部位插穗的扦插效果,中部＞下部＞上部,中部生根率达100％,平均生根数12.51条,平均根长5.01 cm.     

Propagation of Plants by Root Cuttings: II. Seasonal Fluctuation of Capacity to Regenerate from Roots

Some species regenerate readily from root cuttings at any time of year, whereas cuttings of other species show a well-marked seasonal fluctuation in capacity to grow. In the latter a high proportion of successes is possible only if cuttings are taken in the “ on ” season. In the “ off ” season for raspberry, not only do root cuttings fail but whole root systems, severed and left undisturbed in situ, also die. The regenerative capacity of (a) root cuttings, and (b) severed roots left in situ, has a bearing on the degree of control, which can be obtained by tillage, of weed species which are able to regenerate from roots left in the ground.     

The Development of Adventitious Roots on Hardwood Cuttings of Gooseberries

Changes in percentage dry weight and in carbohydrate levels and distribution were followed in Golden Brown Lockyer onion bulbs for three months at storage temperatures of 4°, 15°, 25° and 37°C. The percentage dry weight within the bulbs increased from the outer to the inner leaf bases. Storage temperature and length of storage did not influence water loss. Sucrose concentrations increased from the outer leaf bases to become highest in the inner leaf bases, and in all leaf bases were higher at higher temperatures. Glucose and fructose levels also tended to increase from outer to inner leaf bases. After eight weeks fructose levels increased rapidly at the lower storage temperatures and this is attributed to low-temperature hydrolysis of fructans. The only fructan detected was the trisaccharide fraction, which was barely detectable in outer leaf bases and maximal in the inner ones. Trisaccharide levels were generally lower at the lower temperatures, thus supporting the suggestion of low-temperature hydrolysis of fructans. No information was obtained regarding storage temperature effects on fructans having a higher degree of polymerization than the trisaccharide. The results are discussed relative to temperature and time and the development of storage rots.