Effect of ethrel in aqueous solution and ethylene released from ethrel on mango fruit ripening

Summary

The effect of ethrel in aqueous solution and ethylene released from ethrel was evaluated on fruit ripening of ‘Kitchner’, ‘Dr Knight’ and ‘Abu-Samaka’ mango. Ripening was enhanced in all treated fruits of the three cultivars at all concentrations used. The ripening rate progressively increased with increase in concentration. Ethylene released from ethrel was more effective in triggering fruit ripening than dipping fruits in aqueous solution of ethrel. Depending on concentration and cultivar, ripening was 1–3.d faster in fruits dipped in 500 and 1000 ppm ethrel and 1–5.d earlier in fruits treated with 250, 500 and 1000 ppm ethylene released from ethrel, compared with untreated fruits. The effect on fruit ripening was indicated by enhanced climacteric peak, increased skin colour, increased total soluble solids and decreased flesh firmness.     

Influence of nitrogenous fertilization on the protein content of flavedo of ‘Navelina’ oranges and its relationship with rind colour

Summary

Nitrogenous fertilization effects on the protein concentration of flavedo of ‘Navelina’ oranges during ripening was studied in an experimental greenhouse, using cuttings grown in pots with inert sand and nutrient solution. Two types of nutrient solution were used: a nitrate solution (all nitrogen in nitrate form) and an ammoniacal-nitrate solution (40% nitrogen in ammonium form and 60% in nitrate form). The protein concentration of fresh flavedo of fruits irrigated with ammoniacal-nitrate solution was higher than that of fruits irrigated with nitrate solution. When the protein concentration of flavedo is high, the rind of fruits reach a yellow or orange-yellow colour earlier during development. In both types of nutrient solution, the quantity of nitrogen applied did not influence the total protein concentration of fresh flavedo nor the timing of fruit rind colour change from green to orange-yellow. After fruit set, the sooner the ammoniacal- nitrate nutrient solution was supplied, the sooner fruits reached an orange-yellow colour, and the higher was the total protein concentration of fresh flavedo, although there were no significant differences between the protein concentrations of flavedo of fruits from cuttings whose irrigation started with the ammoniacal-nitrate solution at different time. Results of this and a previous study suggest a relationship between the rind colour change and the protein concentration in the flavedo of fruit.     

软枣猕猴桃叶片矿质元素变化与果实品质的关系

以"桓优一号"猕猴桃为试材,测定了营养枝与结果枝叶片及果实中的N、P、K、Ca、Mg等元素含量及生理指标,研究了叶片中矿质元素变化与果实品质的关系,以期为果实发育中营养的合理补充提供科学依据。结果表明:2种叶片中全氮含量均明显下降;全磷含量在营养枝叶片先大幅增加后大幅下降,在结果枝叶片先增加后减少再增加。2种叶片全钾含量不断下降。全钙、全镁含量逐步增加;随着果实发育,维生素C含量逐渐下降,果实鲜质量与其干物质量逐步增加。总酸含量先稳步增加后持续下降,总固形物含量不断增加。全氮含量总体呈增加趋势,全磷、全钾含量先增加后减少,全钙含量下降趋势明显,全镁含量变化不大。营养枝与结果枝叶片中全氮、全钾与果实营养指标之间存在显著或极显著的负相关关系。营养枝与结果枝中矿质营养元素主要用于果实的建成,在一定范围内,要保证果实发育期叶片有充足的矿质元素含量,以利于提高果实的大小和品质。在果实总固形物含量方面,不同时期叶片中N、P、K元素与果实总固形物含量的相关性不同。2种叶片中Ca含量与果实鲜质量、果实干物质量及果实总固形物含量呈正相关,说明适量提高叶片中矿质元素的含量可提高果实总固形物含量,促进果实成熟。     

The Effects of Nitrogen,Phosphorus, Potassium,Magnesium and Lime in Factorial Combination on the Size and Shape of Glasshouse Tomatoes

The effects of nutrition on tomato fruit size and shape are summarized, based on the results of a factorial trial in heated glasshouse borders. The varieties grown were Potentate, J168 and Moneymaker.

The average weight per fruit, calculated from total weights and numbers, was decreased by potassium and magnesium sulphates. Both high nitrogen (760–830 lb. N per acre) and low nitrogen (30–150 lb. N) decreased the weight per fruit as compared with the intermediate nitrogen level (300–380 lb. N). The weight per fruit of varieties J168 and Moneymaker, grown for two seasons, was decreased significantly by high phosphorus in one year and increased by lime in both years.

The uniformly coloured and regularly shaped fruits were graded into four commercial-size categories. Expressed as percentages of the sum of these four grades, the proportion of large fruits showed nutritional responses generally similar to those for average weight per fruit, with opposing trends in the smaller size categories.

The proportion of somewhat irregularly shaped fruit in the uniformly coloured categories, studied for six seasons, was appreciably affected by nutrition. Fruit shape was improved by high potassium and magnesium, and also by nitrogen deficiency. High phosphorus affected the shape adversely. Liming improved the shape of fruit of variety Potentate in three out of four seasons, but the opposite effect was found with J168 and Moneymaker in the final season.

The relation of fruit size and shape to soil salinity is discussed.     

The effect of nitrogen fertilization and shading on the incidence of “colour spots” in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruit

SUMMARY

“Colour spots” (CS) in pepper fruit is a physiological disorder characteristic of some sweet pepper cultivars. The symptoms are yellowish spots on the outer surface of affected fruits. We investigated the effects of shading and nitrogen supply on the susceptibility of three sweet pepper cvs (Maor, Lady Bell and 899) to CS. The most susceptible was ‘Maor’. The incidence of CS was promoted by high N and shading. The fruits of all cultivars had lower nitrogen concentrations than the leaves but there were no significant differences in fruit N content between Maor and the CS-insensitive cultivars. The CS-affected areas of the pericarp tissue had higher calcium concentrations than unaffected tissue. Differences in magnesium or potassium concentrations in these spots were less pronounced. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the affected pericarp cells contained crystals, presumably of calcium oxalate. Only in ‘Maor’ fruits was the oxalate concentration elevated by approximately nine-fold when the nitrogen supply to shaded plants was increased. We suggest that in the fruits of the sensitive cultivar, oxalic acid production is enhanced under high-nitrogen + shading conditions and causes the CS damage, possibly be chelating intracellular calcium.     

负水头供不同营养液对温室樱桃番茄生长和产量的影响

采用负水头灌溉装置,通过调节装置的供水吸力值来持续稳定地控制栽培基质的湿度,供给不同浓度磷酸二氢钾（KH₂PO₄）营养液配方进行樱桃番茄基质栽培试验,研究营养液中不同磷酸二氢钾浓度对樱桃番茄株高、茎粗、产量、水肥利用效率和根系活力的影响。结果表明：在负水头供水控水技术条件下,适当提高营养液中磷酸二氢钾浓度,有利于增加樱桃番茄株高、茎粗,效果显著;同时可以提高果实产量、水分利用效率和N、K利用效率以及根系活力。负水头供给营养液樱桃番茄栽培生产中,2.5 S处理即340 mg•L^-1的KH₂PO₄浓度可作为推荐用量。     

不同氮处理下增施CO2对番茄叶片养分含量的影响

为探究不同氮处理对番茄植株叶片养分的影响及增施CO2的效果。以番茄"鸿途"为试验材料,在2个自然光照人工气候室内,采用苗钵基质栽培,设置5个氮素处理的营养液(50、150、250、350、450 mg·L^-1,分别设为N1~N5)、2个CO2浓度(300、600μL·L^-1,分别设为C1、C2),分别测定植株开花期、坐果期、果实膨大期生物量及叶片硝态氮和矿质元素含量。结果表明:中氮处理(N 250~350 mg·L^-1)下,植株干质量、叶片硝态氮含量以及矿质元素N、P、K、Ca、Mg含量均较高。增施CO2处理后,番茄植株干质量较C1处理增加了10.2%,叶片N、K、Mg含量都增加了20%左右,P含量没有变化,Ca含量降低了25.67%;低氮处理(N 50 mg·L^-1)下,番茄植株干质量、叶片硝态氮含量以及矿质元素N、P、K、Mg、Ca含量均较对照N3处理低。增施CO2处理后,植株的总干质量没有显著增加,其叶片硝态氮含量以及N、P、K含量也没有显著变化,而Ca含量在开花期和坐果期较C1处理分别增加了37.72%、15.45%,Mg含量在开花期较C1处理增加了43.86%;高氮处理(N 450 mg·L^-1)下,植株干质量较N3处理降低了18.03%,叶片硝态氮含量较N3处理增加了111.44%,叶片N、Ca、Mg含量与N3处理接近均较高,P、K含量较N3处理均降低了10%。增施CO2处理后,植株干质量较C1处理增加了35.92%,叶片硝态氮含量增加不显著,叶片N、K、Mg含量较C1处理分别增加了19.06%、27.82%、24.87%,而叶片P含量变化不显著,叶片钙含量在番茄开花期、坐果期和果实膨大期都较低,较C1处理分别降低了21.37%、17.16%、7.75%。综合番茄生长各项指标及经济效益,在营养液N浓度为250~350 mg·L^-1时,增施CO2浓度到600μL·L^-1(C2)最能促进开花期番茄植株叶片养分含量的增加。     

5-Aminolevulinc acid increases tree yield and improves fruit quality of ‘Rabia’ and ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ date palm cultivars under hot arid climate

Date palms growing in hot arid regions are generally facing several kinds of environmental stresses which limit tree growth and productivity and negatively affect fruit quality. During 2009 and 2010 seasons, the effects of 5-aminolevulininc acid (5-ALA) application at different rates on yield, fruit quality, pigment contents and nutrient uptake of ‘Rabia’ and ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ date palm cultivars were studied. In both cultivars, the application of 5-ALA significantly increased bunch weight and yield per tree compared to control. The highest bunch weight and yield per tree was achieved by 5-ALA at 200 ppm followed by 250 ppm applied on both fruit bunches and leaves. These were reflected on higher fruit and flesh weight and fruit length, at the bisir and rutab stages. However, the application of 5-ALA at 250 ppm only on fruit bunches without leaves significantly increased bunch weight and yield per tree compared to control only in ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ but not in ‘Rabia’ cultivar. There were significant interaction effects between treatments and seasons on bunch weight and yield in ‘Rabia’ but not in ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ cultivar. The rutab % was not significantly affected by any of the applied treatments and it was higher in 2009 than in 2010 season in ‘Rabia’, however, the opposite was true in ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ cultivar. Most of the physical parameters of fruit quality at both the bisir and rutab stages were significantly improved in both cultivars by 5-ALA application compared to control, in contrast to the biochemical parameters that were not affected. In both cultivars, chlorophyll a concentration significantly increased by 5-ALA application especially at 200 and 250 ppm on both leaves and fruits compared to control. While chlorophyll b concentration was not significantly affected by the 5-ALA application, total chlorophyll concentration was significantly higher at 250 ppm 5-ALA application than control in both cultivars. There were no significant differences among the different rates of 5-ALA application. Chlorophyll a/b ratio was not significantly affected by 5-ALA application compared to control. The concentrations of N, P and K in the leaves of both cultivars were not significantly affected by the 5-ALA application compared to control. It was concluded that 5-ALA application has promotive effects on yield, fruit quality and chlorophyll concentration of both ‘Rabia’ and ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ date palms under hot arid climate.     

Combined effects of leaf/fruit ratios and N and K fertigation levels on growth and distribution of nutrients in pot-grown persimmon trees

Responses of pot-grown persimmon trees (Diospyros kaki cv. ‘Fuyu’) with two different leaf/fruit (L/F) ratios and three different fertigation levels were studied. On July 2, the L/F ratios of 4-year-old trees were adjusted to 20 and 10 by fruit thinning. From July 4 to August 26, each pot was fertigated with a solution containing 0–0 g (none), 10–8 g (medium), or 20–16 g (high) of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), respectively. The L/F ratio of 10 resulted in higher yields but smaller fruits containing lower soluble solids than the ratio of 20. The non-fertigated trees with the L/F ratio of 10 produced the smallest fruits, but the medium fertigation increased the size of the fruit at this ratio. The high fertigation level decreased fruit skin color at both ratios. Fruit dry weight increased the most among the tree components, accounting for 48–57% of the tree total dry weight at the L/F ratio of 20 and for 64–72% at the ratio of 10. The increase in tree total dry weight at the ratio of 10 was greater than that at the ratio of 20. The trees receiving medium fertigation had higher tree total dry weights than those receiving high fertigation, especially at the ratio of 10. As the L/F ratio changed to 10 from 20, the percentages of N and K partitioned to fruits in the non-fertigated trees increased from 38% to 51% and from 67% to 96%, respectively, of the tree total N and K increases; the percentage decreased with increasing fertigation level. Although fertigation significantly increased total N and K contents of the tree, the increase in K at the ratio of 10 was less in high fertigation rather than in the medium level. The results indicated that adjusting supplemental N and K was necessary to ensure fruit growth and N and K accumulation for trees with high fruit loads, but high levels of fertigation are not necessarily preferable.     

氮钾互作对番茄叶片碳氮代谢及产量和品质的影响

在温室基质栽培条件下，以番茄材料A20为试材，采用2因素5水平响应面中心复合设计，研究不同的氮钾营养组合处理对番茄单株产量、果实品质及叶片碳氮代谢产物和酶活性的影响。结果表明，随着氮营养的增加（74～414 mg · L^-1范围内），番茄叶片碳氮代谢产物和酶活性均呈先上升后下降趋势；随着钾营养的增加（101～525 mg · L^-1 范围内），番茄叶片糖含量和蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）、酸性转化酶（AI）、中性转化酶（NI）活性呈增加趋势，而氮代谢产物和蔗糖合成酶（SS）、硝酸还原酶（NR）、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）、谷氨酸合成酶（GOGAT）活性呈先上升后下降趋势。通过建立各指标与氮钾二因子的二次回归方程发现，氮钾营养是影响番茄叶片氮代谢和碳代谢的主要因子，氮钾互作对叶片游离氨基酸含量和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性影响显著。相关性分析显示番茄产量、品质与叶片碳氮代谢之间具有较高的相关性，氮钾共同作用于番茄叶片的碳氮代谢过程，进而影响番茄产量和品质。综合分析试验结果，当营养液氮营养为300～350 mg · L^-1、钾营养为370～520 mg · L^-1 时，番茄叶片碳氮代谢旺盛，产量和品质达到较高水平。     

Relationship between light,fruit and leaf mineral content with albinism incidence in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.)

A study was conducted in strawberry to establish a relationship between shading, mineral nutrient of leaves and fruits with albinism incidence. Plants grown under shade produced albino fruits in higher proportion than those grown in open fields. Similarly, plants under shade produced smaller sized fruits and have lower fruit yield. Among cultivars, Etna had highest incidence of albinism (49.6%) and Sweet Charlie the lowest (14.4%). Dry matter content (%), concentration of five major nutrients, viz. N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S and N:Ca and K:Ca nutrient ratios did not differ significantly in the leaves of plants producing normal or albino fruits. However, in contrast, the concentration of K was notably higher (1.97 mg g⁻¹ fresh tissue weight) and that of Ca was lower (0.098 mg g⁻¹ fresh tissue weight) in albino fruits than normal ones. Consequently, the ratios of N:Ca (11.34) and K:Ca (20.08) were higher in albino fruits than normal ones. Cultivars also differed widely in respect to dry matter (%), mineral content and nutrient ratios. Thus, it appears that lower light intensity favours the development of albinism in strawberry, and it seems that calcium is not the basic cause of albinism, but increased vigour associated with overuse of N and K might be positively associated with it.     

喷施硒肥对砂田西瓜产量、品质及养分吸收的影响

【目的】研究叶面喷施硒肥对砂田西瓜产量、品质及养分吸收的影响,为砂田西瓜高品质生产及硒肥的合理施用提供理论依据。【方法】本试验选用20年以上砂田为研究对象,西瓜品种为’西沙瑞宝’,采用不同质量浓度(0、20、40、60、80、100 mg·L^-1)亚硒酸钠硒肥分别在西瓜伸蔓期、坐果期和果实膨大期进行叶面喷施,每个生育时期喷施一次,研究不同浓度硒肥对砂田西瓜产量、品质及大、中、微量养分元素吸收的影响。【结果】随着硒肥浓度的升高,西瓜产量、品质及果实氮、钙和镁元素的吸收均表现出先增加后降低的变化趋势,而对钾、锌、铁和硒等元素的吸收均表现出持续增加的趋势。当硒肥质量浓度为60 mg·L^-1时,较对照西瓜增产12.60%,果实边缘可溶性固形物含量提高了8.03%,糖分梯度降低了23.79%,维生素C含量提高了10.51%;果实氮、磷、钾大量元素含量分别提高了14.73%、4.5%和120.09%,钙、镁中量元素含量分别提高了48.29%和19.49%,硒、锌、铁等微量元素含量分别提高了209.45%、101.75%和65.20%。【结论】综合考虑西瓜产量、品质及果实养分含量等因素,得出砂田西瓜适宜的硒肥喷施质量浓度为60 mg·L^-1。     

Distribution of nutrients in the root zone affects yield,quality and blossom end rot of tomato fruits

Summary

Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. `DRK') were grown hydroponically in two experiments to determine the effects of nutrient concentration and distribution in the root zone on yield, quality and blossom end rot (BER). The plants were grown in rockwool with their root systems divided into two portions. Each portion was irrigated with nutrient solutions with either the same or different electrical conductivity (EC) in the range 0 to 6.dS m^±1. In both experiments, fruit yields decreased as EC increased from moderate to high when solutions of equal concentration were applied to both portions of the root system. However, higher yields were obtained when a solution with high EC was applied to one portion of the root system and a solution of low EC to the other portion. For example, the fresh weight of mature fruits in the 6/6 treatment was only 20% that of the 3/3 treatment but the 6/0 treatment had a yield that was 40% higher. The reduction in yield in the high EC treatments was due to an increase in the number of fruits with BER and smaller fruit size. BER increased from 12% to 88% of total fruits as EC increased from 6/0 to 6/6 and fruit length decreased from 67.mm to 52.mm. Fruit quality (expressed as titratable acidity and soluble solids) increased as EC increased. In summary, high yields of high quality tomatoes with minimal incidence of BER were obtained when one portion of the root system was supplied with a solution of high EC and the other portion with a solution of moderate or zero EC.     

营养液不同配方对草莓苗N、P、K含量的研究

配制不同比例的营养液,测定花果初期草莓苗的地上部分和地下部分的氮磷含量。研究营养液中氮磷钾元素的配比,对草莓氮磷含量的影响,为草莓营养液的配比提供理论基础。结果表明：在N、P、K配比1.369：0.288：1.443下,花果初期草莓苗氮磷含量最高。因此,营养液中的氮磷钾的相对含量会对花果初期草莓的氮磷钾含量造成影响。     

根际注射施肥对渭北苹果园土壤理化特性、土壤酶、果实产量及品质的影响

【目的】为探索根际注射施肥在苹果生产中应用。【方法】以10 a生红富士/M26/基砧为试材,利用施肥枪注射施肥,研究了不同浓度注射液对注肥点0～60 cm土层土壤理化特性、土壤酶、果实产量及品质的影响。【结果】随注射液浓度增加,各土层土壤pH值减小,电导率、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量增加,各养分含量均为中层(20～40 cm)>表层(0～20 cm)>底层(40～60 cm);转化酶逐渐增大,过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性以10%浓度最高,磷酸酶活性以5%浓度最高。注射液浓度与中层土壤转化酶活性和碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾及电导率呈正相关。果实产量和单果质量分别以15%和10%浓度最高(2者无差异),硬度、可溶性固形物分别在0～10%和0～15%内逐渐增加,可滴定酸含量在0～10%内逐渐减小。【结论】综合分析以10%注射液浓度较适宜。     

Effect of NaCl on growth,ion composition and ascorbic acid concentrations of capsicum fruit

Potted plants of Capsicum annuum, cultivar ‘Long Sweet Yellow’, were restricted to two fruits each and supplied with 0, 10, 25 and 50 mM NaCl. Chloride concentrations exceeded sodium concentrations in ripe fruit from all salt-treatments. The difference was 2.5-fold in ripe fruit from plants treated with 50 mM NaCl. Fruits from the 50 mM treatment were markedly lower in fresh weight and were of a more intense colour than control fruit. Fruit ripening was accelerated by all salt-treatments, but the fresh weight to dry weight ratio of ripe fruit was reduced; the reduction was in proportion to the stress applied.A significant correlation was found between fruit ascorbic acid and Ca^{2 +} concentrations. Fruit Ca^{2 +} was reduced by salinity, but the reduction was not in proportion to sodium chloride concentration. Additional calcium nitrate in the nutrient solution increased the Ca^{2 +} content and ascorbic acid concentration in fruit on control plants but not in fruit from plants treated with 50 mM NaCl. Instead, these fruit showed a marked increase in Na⁺.     

Thinning golden delicious apples using ethephon sprays

In southern Tasmania ethephon sprays were applied at two stages of bloom and after bloom at concentrations from 350 to 1 400 ppm. At both the balloon blossom stage and 42 days after full bloom (AFB) 350 ppm ethephon caused satisfactory thinning of fruit by decreasing fruit set and increasing the number of fruits 70 mm or more in diameter. Higher concentrations of ethephon at these stages overthinned. At full bloom concentrations below 1 050 ppm ethephon did not remove significant numbers of fruit but both 1 050 and 1 400 ppm spray concentrations satisfactorily thinned the fruit. The spray of 1 400 ppm ethephon 42 days AFB significantly restricted fruit growth. Shoot length was reduced by all ethephon treatments and return bloom in the following spring was heavy in all thinned treatments. A mathematical model describing numbers of fruit set was developed and used to demonstrate a three-dimensional response surface to ethephon thinning sprays.     

糯米糍荔枝结果期叶、果营养消长及其与落果的关系

对糯米糍荔枝果实发育期间叶片和果实进行Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、碳水化合物的营养测定，结果表明：荔枝果实发育前期对Ｎ的需求量最大，其次是Ｋ，果实后期发育对Ｋ的需求量大于Ｎ，果期叶片Ｐ的变化平稳，果实对Ｐ的要求不太敏感。前期和后期的生理落果均与Ｎ、Ｋ营养有关，其中前期与Ｎ、后期与Ｋ关系更大，中期胚败育期间，果实营养维持在最低水平，与该期落果直接相关。Ｃａ素变化和碳水化合物的消长也与生理落果有密切关系。     

Thidiazuron increases current-year fruit size and production in Actinidia deliciosa without decreasing return bloom

Summary

The effects of whole-crown application of thidiazuron (TDZ), applied two weeks after full bloom, at the concentrations of 0 (control), 2 or 10 ppm, on vine yield, fruit quality and on next-season potential yield of Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’ were evaluated in 1998–99. Fruit growth increased rapidly after TDZ application. Fruit fresh weight and yield increased by about 13% and 22% with the 2 and 10 ppm concentration, respectively. These responses were associated with only small changes in fruit shape, with 10 ppm-treated fruits slightly rounder than the control. During ripening, TDZ did not affect fruit soluble solid content, flesh firmness or concentration of non-structural carbohydrates. No effect was observed on the amount of winter pruning, entity of bud burst, percent of fertile buds, number of inflorescences per fertile bud or percent of vegetative buds. These results show that TDZ can be applied to the whole crown to increase fruit size and yield, without affecting fruit quality or the next-season’s crop.     

设施栽培‘峰后’葡萄营养元素和水分吸收规律研究

【目的】为探明葡萄树各生长发育阶段的肥水需求规律,【方法】以珍珠岩培7 a生‘峰后’葡萄为试材,循环供给Hoagland配方营养液,研究了高(N:180 mg.L-1)、中(N:120 mg.L-1)、低(N:60 mg.L-1)营养液浓度下,N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、B、Zn、Cu和水分的周年吸收谱以及主要物候期叶片和浆果中矿质元素含量,并测定了树体生长和果实发育状况。【结果】结果表明,萌芽后随着新梢的快速生长,各种必需营养元素的吸收量快速增加,日均吸收量的最大值大都出现在果粒快速膨大到成熟期间,其间各种营养元素的吸收量占到全年吸收量的60%～70%。以新梢生长中庸、果实品质最佳的供给浓度(N:120 mg.L-1)处理树的吸收量及叶面积换算,666.7 m2各种营养元素和水的全年净吸收量为Ca 29.40 kg、N 18.35 kg、K 15.42 kg、Mg 4.97 kg、P 1.76 kg、Fe 106.87 g、B 32.76 g、Mn 19.73 g、Cu 11.10 g、Zn9.78 g和水210.97 m3。叶片中也以N和Ca的含量最高,其次为K、P、Mg。除K外,矿质元素在果实中的含量都低于叶片。【结论】确定了设施栽培葡萄各生长发育阶段营养元素的吸收谱和吸收总量,可供葡萄园肥水管理和葡萄专用肥料的开发作参考。