美国自中国、日本和韩国引入土蜂防治日本金龟子效果的分析

美国自中国、日本和韩国引入土蜂防治日本金龟子效果的分析陈红印（中国农业科学院生物防治研究所，北京１０００８１）ＲＥＳＵＬＴＳＯＦＩＭＰＯＲＴＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＩＰＨＩＡＳＰ．ＦＲＯＭＣＨＩＮＡ，ＪＡＰＡＮＡＮＤＫＯＲＥＡＴＯＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＪＡＰＡＮＥＳ...     

1993年非洲利用绿僵菌油剂防治蝗虫和蚱蜢的试验结果

１９９３年非洲利用绿僵菌油剂防治蝗虫和蚱蜢的试验结果邱式邦（中国农科院生防所，北京１０００８１）ＦＩＥＬＤＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＳＵＳＩＮＧＭＥＴＡＲＨＩＺＩＵＭＦＬＡＶＯＶＩＲＩＤＥＯＩＬＳＰＲＡＹＴＯＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＬＯＣＵＳＴＳＡＮＤＧＲＡＳＳＨＯ...     

贵州烟仓昆虫天敌初步观察

贵州烟仓昆虫天敌初步观察①高念昭（贵州农学院植保系，贵阳５５００２５）ＰＲＥＬＩＭＩＮＡＲＹＯＢＳＥＲＶＡＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＮＡＴＵＲＡＬＥＮＥＭＩＥＳＯＮＳＴＯＲＥＤＴＯＢＡＣＣＯＩＮＳＥＣＴＰＥＳＴＳＩＮＧＵＩＺＨＯＵＧＡＯＮｉａｎ－ｚｈａｏ（Ｄｅｐ...     

茶树有益微生物对茶树病原菌的抑制作用

茶树有益微生物对茶树病原菌的抑制作用①胡淑霞（安徽农业大学茶业系，合肥２３００３６）ＦＵＮＧＩＳＴＡＴＩＣＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＡＢＥＮＥＦＩＣＩＡＬＭＩＣＲＯＢＥＯＮＴＨＥＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＯＦＴＷＯＴＥＡＰＡＴＨＯＧＥＮＳＨＵＳｈｕ－ｘｉａ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍ...     

几株真菌代谢产物对小菜蛾和菜青虫的杀虫效果

几株真菌代谢产物对小菜蛾和菜青虫的杀虫效果①姚丽娟（浙江省科学院亚热带作物研究所，温州３２５００５）ＩＮＳＥＣＴＩＣＩＤＡＬＥＦＦＩＣＡＣＹＯＦＳＥＶＥＲＡＬＳＴＲＡＩＮＳＯＦＦＵＮＧＡＬＭＥＴＡＢＯＬＩＴＥＴＯＤＩＡＭＯＮＤＢＡＣＫＭＯＴＨＡＮＤＣ...     

EB-82灭蚜菌对蔷薇长管蚜的毒力及温湿度对其的影响

ＥＢ－８２灭蚜菌对蔷薇长管蚜的毒力及温湿度对其的影响马江龙厚茹（中国农科院生物防治研究所,北京１０００８１）ＴＯＸＩＣＩＴＹＯＦＥＢ┐８２ＡＰＨＩＤＩＣＩＤＥＯＮＭＡＣＲＯＳＩＰＨＵＭＲＯＳＡＥＡＮＤＴＨＥＩＮＦＬＵＥＮＣＥＯＦＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥ...     

杆状病毒在微载体培养细胞中的增殖特性

杆状病毒在微载体培养细胞中的增殖特性惠丰立彭建新陈曲侯（南阳师范高等专科学校生物系，南阳４７３０６１）（华中师范大学昆虫所，武汉４３００７０）ＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＰＲＯＰＡＧＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＢＡＣＵＬＯＶＩＲＵＳＩＮＭＩＣＲＯＣＡＲＲＩＥＲＣＥＬＬＣＵ...     

枣尺蠖核型多角体病毒增殖制备的研究

枣尺蠖核型多角体病毒增殖制备的研究邢同（山东省无棣县棉花生产办公室，２５１９００）ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＴＨＥＰＲＥＲＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＮＵＣＬＥＡＲＰＯＬＹＨＥＤＲＯＳＩＳＶＩＲＵＳＯＦＳＵＣＲＡＪＵＪＵＢＡ［ＬＥＰ．：ＧＥＯＭＥＴＲＩＤＡＥ］Ｘ...     

释放两种捕食性瓢虫防治矢尖蚧的研究

释放两种捕食性瓢虫防治矢尖蚧的研究胡学难，李小平严起前，伍中兴（贵州科学院生物所，贵阳５５０００６）（贵州施秉县农业局，５５５１００）ＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＯＦＴＨＥＡＲＲＯＷＨＥＡＤＳＣＡＬＥ，ＵＮＡＳＰＩＳＹＡＮＯＮＥＮＳＩＳ［ＨＯＭ．：ＤＩＡＳＰＩＤＩ...     

利用小卷蛾线虫防治樱桃实蜂

利用小卷蛾线虫防治樱桃实蜂①殷坤（陕西省商南县植保植检站,商南７２６３００ＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＦＥＮＵＳＡＳＰ．ＷＩＴＨＳＴＥＩＮＥＲＮＥＭＡＣＡＲＰＯＣＡＰＳＡＥＹＩＮＫｕｎ（ＳｈａｎｇｎａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆＰｌａｎｔＰｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄＱｕａｒ...     

雨量和田间湿度对水稻纹枯病发生和流行影响的初步观察

 1981年以来,我们对不同生育期中稻的水稻纹枯病的发生与流行的条件进行了系统观察,本文报道的就是对该病流行条件观察的结果。     

辣椒、番茄细菌性疮痂病及生理小种鉴定

 近3年,从北京、山西、内蒙、新疆和云南等地的辣椒和番茄病株上分离到19个菌株,经致病性测定和细菌学鉴定,确定这19个菌株为甘蓝黑腐黄单胞菌疮痂致病变种(Xanthomonas campestris pv.vesicatoria(Doidge) Dye,1978)。供试19个菌株在国内首次采用国际标准鉴别寄主进行了生理小种鉴定。其中,3个菌株为番茄小种1(XcvT race1),仅存在于北京地区,其它16个菌株均属于辣椒-番茄小种3(XcvPT race3),分布广,为我国优势小种。     

对细交链孢菌在培养基上抗多氧霉素B与异菌脲变异体的分离及其特性鉴定

 将多氧霉素B感性细交链孢菌置于含100μg/ml多氧霉素B的PDA平板上培养时,从长出的菌落边缘菌丝体中可分离到抗多氧霉素B的变异体,而将其异菌脲感性菌株接种在含100 μg/ml异菌脲的PDA平板上培养时,只有约半数供试菌株能稳定地分离出抗异菌脲变异体。在多氧霉素B存在下分离的抗多氧霉素B变异体对异菌脲的敏感性通常大于其母本菌株。相比之下,在异菌脲存在下分离的抗异菌脲变异体对多氧霉素B的敏感性没有发生明显变化。对多氧霉素B与异菌脲均为感性的野生型菌株不能在这2种药剂共存的PDA平板上生长,且其分生孢子对多氧霉素B与异菌脲分别呈感性集中型及抗感分散型分布。     

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE ACTIVITY AND PERSISTENCE OF AMITROLE AND 2,4-D

Summary. One leaf of each of several tomato plants 5–6 weeks old maintained at 55, 70 or 85° F was dipped in 0.05 M amitrole or 0.005 M 2,4-D solution. The treated leaf was removed 1 week later. Scions taken from untreated plants were grafted to the treated plants at intervals up to 4 months after treatment.
Amitrole-treated plants maintained at 55° F were killed within 1 month but those at 70 and 85° F recovered.
Plants treated with 2,4-D showed typical symptoms when maintained at 70 and 85° F but no symptoms at 55° F. Scions grafted on plants maintained at 55, 70 and 85° F for 60 days after 2,4-D treatments exhibited typical symptoms. Grafts made more than 60 days following the 2,4-D application did not exhibit symptoms except a slight malformation on the plants held at 55° F.
New growth on the scions grafted up to 103 days after amitrole treatment on plants which had been maintained at 70 and 85° F exhibited typical amitrole symptoms (i.e. white foliage) but scions grafted after this lime did not. New shoots developing from buds on the treated plants also produced green growth 115 days after treatment but produced white foliage prior to that time.
Effet de la température sur l'activi'ité et la persistance de l'aminotriazole et du 2,4-D     

多菌灵、三环唑对大丽轮枝菌微菌核、黑色素形成及致病力的影响

 在离体和活体条件下测定了多菌灵、三环唑对大丽轮枝菌的微菌核黑色素形成的影响,以及经2种杀菌剂处理产生的形态变异菌株对棉苗的致病力。结果表明:多菌灵在培养基内含量超过0.1μg/ml时,即可抑制大丽轮枝菌微菌核的形成,随着培养基内多菌灵浓度的增加,微菌核形成时间逐渐延长,形成量逐渐减少;三环唑浓度为0.5μg/ml时,可抑制微菌核的黑色素形成,微菌核从黑色变为浅红至红褐色。三环唑对微菌核黑色素形成呈可逆抑制,变色的微菌核菌落移入不含药的培养基后,大多可恢复形成黑色素。培养基内三环唑浓度的提高,也可抑制大丽轮枝菌微菌核的形成;因2种杀菌剂的抑制而丧失形成微菌核的白色菌丝体移入不含药的培养基,微菌核形成能力也不能恢复。多菌灵和三环唑经棉株吸收后均能抑制植株内大丽轮枝菌微菌核的形成,但对微菌核色素的形成未见有明显影响。2种杀菌剂处理产生的形态变异菌株的致病力与野生型菌株致病力差异不显著。     

THE INFLUENCE OF SIMAZINE ON SHOOT AND ROOT GROWTH OF APPLES AND PLUMS

Summary. In loamy soil with a low humus content (0·8% organic carbon) simazine at a concentration of 2'5 ppm reduced growth of shoots, roots and trunk diameter in 1-year-old scions of five apple varieties on M IX rootstock. The most susceptible was Cox's Orange Pippin; 5 ppm was lethal for this variety only. In experiments with vertically divided pots, where one part of the root system developed in soil with simazine (2–5 ppm and 5–0 ppm for apple and 5·0 ppm for plum) and the other part in simazine-free soil, there was less effect on shoot growth and less leaf damage than where all the soil contained simazine. Growth of that part of the root system in soil containing simazine was stimulated.     

THE EFFECT OF DEPTH OF BURYING AND FREQUENCY OF CULTIVATION ON SURVIVAL AND GERMINATION OF SEEDS OF WILD OATS (AVENA FATUA L. AND AVENA LUDOVICIANA DUR.)

Summary. Seeds of Avena fatua and A. ludoviciana were sown at a depth of 15 cm or mixed into the top 5 cm of soil in small field-plots at Rothamsted and subjected to 5 different regimes of depth and frequency of cultivation for 3 years, after which all plots were dug to 15 cm in spring and autumn for a further 4 years. Seedlings were counted and no plants were allowed to produce seeds. After 7 years, soil-samples showed that very few intact seeds of A. fatua and none of A. ludoviciana remained, although less than 20% of the seeds sown had produced seedlings. Laboratory tests after 4 to 8 years'dry slorage showed seeds of both species to be viable. The maximum survival of viable seeds, estimated by seedling-emergence, was 61 months for A. fatua and 33 months for A. Indoviciana . Seeds of A. fatua survived slightly longer at 15 cm than in the top 5 cm of soil. Survival of A. ludoviciana was less affected by depth and cultivation, except that birds ate some shallow-sown spikelets in the first fortnight after sowing. A. fatua germinated in spring and autumn, and A. tudoviciana in winter, irrespective of age of seed and cultivation of soil. Frozen soil delayed emergence of A. ludoviciana seedlings lor varying periods between December and March. Seedlings of A. ludoviciana were slightly more winter-hardy than A. fatua . More seedlings of A. fatua appeared in the second spring than at any other time, but 80% of the seedlings of A. ludoviciana appeared in the first autumn and winter.
Effets de la profondeur d'enfouissement des graines et de la fréquence des façons culturalles sur la longévité et la germination des semences de Folle-Avoine (Avena fatua L. et A. ludoviciana Dur .)     

新疆叶尔羌河和喀什噶尔河流域的生态环境评价及治理对策研究

叶尔羌河和喀什噶尔河流域农业气候资源丰富,但气象灾害也较多;土地面积大,但土壤有机质含量低,次生盐渍化严重;河流径流量大,年际变化小,季节分配不平衡;天然草场面积大,等级低,天然林面积减少,个别地区有沙化倾向;人口多而素质差。对此应处理好维护生态平衡与发展生产的关系;依靠科学技术,以提高单产为主;制止继续破坏生态环境行为;营造人工林;扩大绿肥种植面积,提高地力;对少数民族也实行计划生育,以控制人口数量,提高人口素质。     

黄瓜花叶病毒运动蛋白基因及其缺失突变体在大肠杆菌中的表达和表达产物的纯化

 利用CMV Fny株系RNA3全长cDNA克隆,构建了运动蛋白(MP)基因5'端缺失突变体和3'端缺失突变体的原核表达载体。SDS-PAGE分析表明,经IPTG诱导,MP基因及其2种缺失突变体均能在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)pLysS中高效表达。利用分离包含体的方法,提纯了全长的及C端缺失的MP。光密度扫描分析表明,提纯产物的纯度达96.6%。