鸡传染性支气管炎病毒对新城疫病毒的干扰作用观察

为观察鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）HN99株对新城疫病毒（NDV）增殖的干扰作用,该试验采用不同浓度的IBV标准株M41和地方株HN99与鸡新城疫病毒（NDV）分别按不同接种顺序同胚增殖,利用病毒血凝试验（HA）测定NDV的效价,观察IBV对NDV的干扰作用,从而为检测IBV地方株HN99提供方法,也为同胚增殖两种病毒提供一系列的数据参考。试验结果表明,鸡传染性支气管炎病毒地方株HN99对NDV的干扰作用与其浓度和接种顺序有关。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)干扰新城疫病毒(NDV)增殖现象的研究

ＩＢＶ毒株Ｈ１２０、Ｈ５２、ＭＡ５对ＮＤＶ－ＬａＳｏｔａ的干扰实验证明ＩＢＶ特异性干扰ＮＤＶ增殖。１）采取不同顺序的同胚接种法：ＩＢＶ接种之后再接种ＮＤＶ;或ＮＤＶ接种之后再接种ＩＢＶ,及ＩＢＶ,ＮＤＶ同时接种,ＩＢＶ均干扰ＮＤＶ的增殖。２）ＮＤＶ接种３６小时之内,干扰现象最为明显,Ｈ１２０,Ｈ５２的干扰能力稍强于ＭＡ５。３）ＮＤＶ血清中和实验结果显示,不同顺序同胚接种ＮＤＶ、ＩＢＶ时,ＮＤＶ－ＬａＳｏｔａ不影响ＩＢＶ的增殖能力。同胚增殖ＩＢＶ,ＮＤＶ的关键是控制ＮＤＶ、ＩＢＶ的接毒量及选择合适的收毒时间。     

鸡传染性支气管炎与新城疫病毒在SPF鸡胚上的相互干扰

鸡传染性支气管炎(1B)和鸡新城疫(ND)是鸡的二种主要病毒性传染病。一些科研单位曾对这两种病毒之间的相互关系作过不同程度的研究,所得结论也存在着一定的差异,为进一步阐明1BV与NDV之间的相互作用,本试验采用9日龄SPF鸡胚分别先后接种1BV与NDV,及其灭活病毒以求这两种病毒在鸡胚上的相互作用,旨在为养禽生产提供一些可供参考的依据。     

不同毒株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒与鸡新城疫病毒接种鸡胚联合 …

本实验目的在于探讨不同毒株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒和鸡新城疫病毒混合接种同一鸡胚尿囊腔培养时二者之间的相互作用,分别将按２００倍,５００倍,１０００倍不同浓度稀释的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒Ｆ３株,肾型Ｊ株,Ｈ１２０,２８／８６株,Ｈ５２和Ｈ１２０株的１００倍稀释的Ｌａｓｏｔａ鸡新城疫病毒联合接种到１０日龄鸡胚尿囊腔,同时设单独培养作城疫病毒效价。结果表明,鸡新城疫病毒对鸡传染性支气管炎病毒增殖无明显促进作     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒与新城疫病毒增殖作用及免疫干扰的研究

试验旨在观察鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（infectious bronchitis virus,IBV）和鸡新城疫病毒（newcastle disease virus,NDV）之间的增殖干扰现象,分析在免疫过程中两种疫苗存在的免疫干扰,为确定疫苗的免疫程序提供依据。采用完全随机试验设计,选取10日龄鸡胚尿囊腔接种不同浓度的IBV、NDV以及不同浓度混合的IBV和NDV,收集尿囊液测定其血凝效价（HA）;用不同浓度的IBV、NDV以及不同浓度混合的IBV和NDV分别免疫BALB/c小鼠及SPF雏鸡,收集血清,间接酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）和血凝抑制（HI）试验测定IBV和NDV的抗体效价及抑制效价。结果表明,同胚培养时,无论先接种IBV后接种NDV还是先接种NDV后接种IBV或IBV和NDV同时接种,IBV对NDV均有干扰作用,而NDV对IBV没有干扰作用;接种IBV和NDV的小鼠,其产生IBV和NDV的抗体效价均低于单独免疫组,免疫的次序及免疫间隔时间对IBV和NDV的抗体效价均有影响,IBV对NDV的免疫效果具有较大的干扰作用。不同针混合免疫方式能提高IBV和NDV的抗体效价;接种IBV和NDV的雏鸡,免疫次序及免疫相隔时间对IBV和NDV的抗体效价均有影响,IBV对NDV的免疫效果具有较大的干扰作用;雏鸡和小鼠免疫血清HI试验数据表明,免疫次序及免疫间隔时间对IBV和NDV抗体的产生均有影响,但对NDV抗体的产生影响更明显,随着免疫间隔时间的增加,IBV和NDV的抗体水平呈增加趋势,雏鸡比小鼠更能敏感地反映出IBV对NDV的免疫干扰作用。混合注射时IBV和NDV的抗体水平均降低,IBV对NDV的免疫效果有干扰作用。因此,在同胚培养、小鼠及雏鸡的免疫中,IBV对NDV有干扰作用,而NDV对IBV无干扰作用。混合接种时IBV和NDV抗体效价均下降,IBV对NDV的免疫效果有干扰作用。免疫次序及免疫间隔时间对IBV和NDV抗体的产生均有影响,但随着免疫间隔的增加,IBV和NDV的抗体水平呈增加趋势。     

新城疫传染性支气管炎病毒单胚同胚接种试验的比较

通过对五个批次的无特定病原体(SPF)鸡胚进行鸡新城疫病毒(NDV)、鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)同胚接种,收获72～120 h死胚及120 h活胚尿囊液,分别测定NDV和IBV的病毒含量,结果NDV病毒含量达到了108.3～108.7 EID50/0.1mL, IBV的病毒含量达到了106.3～106.5 EID50/0.1mL.两种病毒含量均达到<中华人民共和国兽用生物制品规程>(2000年版)中鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎二联活疫苗病毒含量要求的标准.表明该方法即可降低成本,又简化了生产工艺.     

新城疫病毒在鸡胚不同组织增殖的研究

不同新城疫病毒Ｆ４８Ｅ８、Ｎ－７９、Ｌａ Ｓｏｔａ和分离株Ｘ以１：１００００稀释接种９日龄ＳＰＦ鸡胚,每胚０．２ｍｌ,结果发现,Ｆ４８Ｅ８和分离株Ｘ毒力较强,可在５０小时左右致死鸡胚,Ｌａ Ｓｏｔａ和Ｎ－７９较弱,Ｆ４８Ｅ８和Ｘ株接种鸡胚的肌肉,肝脏,脑和尿囊液均有大量病毒存在,而Ｎ－７９和Ｌａ Ｓｏｔａ只在尿囊液中有大量病毒存在,胚体病毒极少。     

鸡新城疫与传染性支气管炎二联活疫苗的研究

选择适当浓度接种鸡新城疫病毒与鸡传染性支气管炎病毒接种同鸡胚,在两种病毒繁殖高峰期收获毒液制备的三批活疫苗,质量检测ND病毒含量分别为107.5、106.9、107.1,IB病毒含量分别为104.5、104.9、104.9。经免疫试验,检测抗体水平比较理想。     

Identification of field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus by interference with the La Sota of strain of Newcastle disease virus

The interference phenomenon of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) with growth of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in embryonating chicken eggs (ECE) was used as a diagnostic method. Fifteen field isolates obtained from presumptively infectious-bronchitis-affected chickens were analyzed by the IBV-NDV interference test. Eight isolates were capable of interfering with the growth of the La Sota strain of NDV, as measured by hemagglutination (HA) activity when IBV was inoculated 10 hr before NDV into ECE. The interference was considered specific for IBV, because it could be eliminated by adding homologous anti-IBV serum. The sensibility of this method could be demonstrated, because in some cases low-passage levels of IBV isolates showing HA interference ability were not capable of producing lesions in ECE. Furthermore, serologically negative IBV samples did not interfere with NDV growth. From these results, the IBV-NDV interference test appears to be a potential diagnostic alternative for identifying IBV field isolates.     

鸡新城疫La Sota、传染性支气管炎(H120+W93)二联灭活疫苗的研究

将鸡新城疫La Sota-传染性支气管炎H129二联抗原液、鸡传染性支气管炎W93抗原液分别用甲醛灭活，经浓缩后按一定比例混合，与油佐剂乳化制成二联灭活疫苗，对30日龄的雏鸡免疫，每只0．3ml，免疫接种3周后，新城疫病毒的HI抗体平均达9．7log2，免疫鸡只耐受呼吸道型、嗜肾型传染性支气管炎强毒攻击，保护率均达到90％，疫苗使用安全。     

Emergence of novel strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus in Sweden

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes avian infectious bronchitis, an important disease that produces severe economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Recent IBV infections in Sweden have been associated with poor growth in broilers, drop in egg production and thin egg shells in layers. The complete spike gene of selected isolates from IBV cases was amplified and sequenced using conventional RT-PCR. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence comparisons have shown that the recent isolates bear 98.97% genetic similarity with strains of the QX-like genotype. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that strains predominant in the nineties, which were of the Massachusetts type, have been replaced by D388/QX-like strains, however the evolutionary link could not be established. The homology between the two genotypes was 79 and 81%. Remarkably, a strong positive selection pressure was determined, mostly involving the S1 subunit of the S gene. This strong selective pressure resulted in recombination events, insertions and deletions in the S gene. Two new isolates generated from recombination were found with nucleotide sequence diverging 1.7-2.4% from the D388/QX-like branch, indicating the emergence of a new lineage. The study demonstrates a constant evolution of IBV that might be in relation to increased poultry farming, trade and vaccine pressure. The findings underscore the importance of continuous monitoring to control spread of infections, as well as to timely adjust diagnostic methods, molecular epidemiological studies, development and use of vaccines that are adapted to the changing disease scenario.     

Identification of recent infectious bronchitis virus isolates that are serologically different from current vaccine strains

Three 1986 infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolates were serotyped by a hemagglutination-inhibition method and were found to be serologically different from the seven strains currently used in regular and specially licensed vaccines in the United States (Mass 41, H52, H120, Conn 46, Fla 18288, JMK, and Ark 99) and from 13 other reference IBV strains. The recent isolates were from layer flocks that had histories of egg-production declines and shell-quality problems. Two of the isolates, one each from Maine and Ohio, were serologically related to a 1983 IBV isolate from layer replacements in Pennsylvania. The third isolate, from Korea, was serologically different from any of the reference strains and the other new isolates.     

鸡新城疫La Sota株、传染性支气管炎W93株二联活疫苗研究 Ⅲ．疫苗免疫期试验

分别用3批鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎二联活疫苗(La Sota W93)，ND La Sota单苗和IB W93单苗免疫SPF鸡，并于免疫后第3、7、14、30、90、150天分别用NDV和NIBV强毒攻击。结果表明，二联活疫苗(La Sota W93)于免疫后7-150d可获得与相应单苗同样的保护力。