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无土栽培是现代化农业中先进的栽培技术,在设施蔬菜种植中得到广泛应用,是解决保护地蔬菜生产土壤连作障碍问题的重要方式。据统计全球蔬菜无土栽培面积已达到19.7万hm2。无土栽培也是21世纪解决粮食安全、人口、资源、环境问题的重要途径,是未来农业的重要发展方向。全面掌握无土栽培领域的总体状况、技术热点及未来发展趋势,对无土栽培领域的技术创新及产业发展具有重要作用。通过对无土栽培领域的专利数据进行全球发展趋势、地域布局、技术构成等方面的系统分析,明确全球无土栽培领域研发状况、发展趋势以及我国存在的不足之处,并挖掘了当前无土栽培领域的科技前沿热点,指出我国应加强的研发方向。 相似文献
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蔬菜无土栽培营养液管理常见问题分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
近年来,无土栽培在国内外蔬菜设施栽培中发展迅速,在克服连作障碍,拓展蔬菜种植领域,抵御不良环境,生产无公害蔬菜等方面,具有常规土壤栽培难以比拟的优越性.但由于无土栽培的核心技术营养液的配制与管理,受栽培环境,作物种类,生产者技术水平等诸因子的制约,常出现一些问题,在一定程度上限制了无土栽培的推广和应用.在此,就营养液管理中常出现的相关问题作以简要分析. 相似文献
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蔬菜有机生态型无土栽培营养生理研究进展 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
介绍了在有机生态型无土栽培系统中,基质的供肥特性,基质中营养元素、pH和EC的动态变化,蔬菜作物对养分需求规律,蔬菜作物固态肥营养类型,蔬菜作物适宜需肥量,以及对环境、产品品质、食用安全性和产量的影响等方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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“十二五”我国设施蔬菜生产和科技进展及其展望 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
"十二五"期间,我国设施蔬菜生产取得了迅猛发展,生产面积稳步提高,技术装备水平显著提升,产品质量、安全性和竞争力不断增强,形成了适合不同区域发展的设施类型、生产模式和高效生产技术体系。本文分析了近5年我国设施蔬菜科技与产业发展特点,并从设施装备研发、设施蔬菜生长发育的生物学研究、抗逆机制与设施环境调控技术研究、病虫害抗性机制与防治、优质与安全生产技术研究以及连作障碍克服与嫁接育苗技术研究等方面总结了"十二五"以来取得的主要科技成就,分析了我国目前设施蔬菜生产中存在的主要问题,探讨了今后我国设施蔬菜产业和科研的发展方向。 相似文献
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我国无土栽培研究新技术新成果及发展动向 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
综述了“七五”至“八五”期间无土栽培的主要研究成果,基质培,水培的技术交流,着重介绍了浮板毛管水培,有机生态型基质培,高档蔬菜反季节土栽培技术和基础理论研究等重大成果,并探讨了该项技术今后的生产科技发展新动向。 相似文献
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樱桃番茄水培肥料配方试验 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用6种肥料配方进行了2年共3茬在樱桃番茄水培试验,结果表明,5号配方处理的樱桃番茄表现茎粗,开展度大,总节数多,植株生长势强,产量高,品质好,较适宜作樱桃番茄水培专用肥。对水培与土培樱档番茄果实NO2的含量进行分析比较,结果5个水培配方处理果实的NO2含量低于土培,初步认为水培并不会合蔬菜产品NO2的含量升高。 相似文献
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阐述了福建省无土栽培技术在蔬菜和花卉生产上的研究进展及其利用现状,介绍了福建省蔬菜和花卉的无土栽培技术发展存在的问题,为福建省无土栽培技术发展及其利用提供了一些参考。 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,106(4):484-490
Oxygen deficiency has an immediate effect on both water and nutrient uptake, the yield of the whole plant under different soilless culture is affected. The oxygen level required for the respiration of the root system then becomes a limiting factor as much in soil culture as in soilless culture. The total area of soilless crops in SE Spain today is estimated to be about 5000 ha. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of potassium peroxide as an oxygen generator on vegetable crops growing in commercial substrates and to determinate the supply fraction for its use. Bioassay was used to determinate the fraction of potassium peroxide needed. Three greenhouse experiments were conducted in soilless culture with perlite and rockwool. Sweet pepper, melon and cucumber crop were supplied with potassium peroxide through fertigation to increase the oxygen content for one day per week. There were treatments: one with (T1) and the other without potassium peroxide (T0) in the nutrient solution. Fertigation parameters, yield and its quality were measured. Bioassay suggested that one gram per litre is the best fraction to use in soilless culture. Yield of sweet pepper was about 20% higher for T1 than T0 and 15% for melon; there was no significant difference in cucumber plants. 相似文献
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Stefania Nin William Antonio Petrucci Edgardo Giordani Cristian Marinelli 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2018,93(3):323-335
Yield and quality of wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) cultivars ‘Regina delle Valli’ and ‘Alpine’ cultivated in soil, as the traditional production system, and in soilless (both in open air and protected environments), as an innovative and sustainable production system, were investigated in a marginal and inner area of the Pistoiese Apennine Mountains during two production seasons. An earlier marketable production was obtained in soilless culture, but total marketable yield was higher from plants grown in a traditional open-field environment. Fruits obtained from the protected soilless system were larger, but developed some mildew, had some visual defects, and revealed a reduced skin chroma index, flesh firmness, and total soluble solids content compared to fruits harvested from plants grown under direct sunlight, while no significant differences were observed in total titratable acidity and pH between growing systems. ‘Alpine’ was more suited to soilless protected cultivation, with a much higher yield compared to ‘Regina delle Valli’. Physicochemical properties of berries were not affected by the cultivar, but fruit quality changed with plant age and seasonal crop cycle. ‘Alpine’ fruits gained a greater sensorial preference, both in traditional soil and soilless culture. 相似文献