5个饲用甜高粱品种在西峰区的引种初报

在庆阳市西峰区对5个饲用甜高粱品种进行了品比试验。结果表明, BJ0603、绿巨人的产量与品质表现较好,鲜草产量分别为107.75、99.80 t/hm2,干草产量分别为24.08、21.53 t/hm2,鲜干比分别为4.49、4.63,茎叶比分别为0.69、0.60,适合在当地种植。     

8个饲用甜高粱品种在武威市的引种试验初报

在武威市对8个饲用甜高粱品种进行了品比试验。结果表明,8个品种均能在当地正常生长,大卡、大龙、牛魔王、大力士4个品种全生育期只参与营养生长。大卡、大龙2个品种的折合鲜草产量和折合干草产量均较高, 折合鲜草产量分别为91 339.76、94 160.35 kg/hm2,折合干草产量分别为23 354.17和22 326.32 kg/hm2。大卡的茎叶比低于大龙,因而大卡的饲用价值更高,综合考虑,该品种适宜在甘肃省武威市推广种植。     

不同玉米品种的产量和营养价值评价

为了筛选出适宜当地种植的粮饲通用型玉米品种，推进临洮县玉米生产向粮改饲方向调整。以先玉335为对照，对12个玉米品种的生物产量、籽粒产量和营养品质进行比较。结果表明，陇单703、5291生物产量和籽粒产量均较高，干物质产量分别为20.04、17.70 t/hm2，鲜草产量分别为60.16、59.64 t/hm2，籽粒产量分别为16.08、17.74 t/hm2；青贮营养品质也较优，粗蛋白含量分别为99.4、85.9 g/kg，中性洗涤纤维含量分别为408.3、430.5 g/kg，酸性洗涤纤维含量分别为238.8、247.0 g/kg，淀粉含量分别为353.0、359.1 g/kg，均达到国际一级品种要求。以上2个品种可作为粮饲通用型玉米品种在临洮县推广种植。     

11个冬小麦品种在灵台县的引种试验初报

在灵台县对11个冬小麦品种进行了品种比较试验。结果表明,运旱115综合性状优良,折合产量5 974.51 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇原935增产562.22 kg/hm2,增产率10.39%,适合在灵台县推广种植。京冬17折合产量5 719.64 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇原935增产307.35 kg/hm2,增产率5.68%,适合灵台县高肥力地块种植。百旱207、甘冬sp折合产量分别为5 472.26、5 457.27 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇原935分别增产1.11%、0.83%,适合灵台县中高肥力地块种植。     

13个食用向日葵品种(系)在景泰县的品比试验初报

在景泰县对引进的13个食用向日葵新品种(系)进行比较试验。结果表明,科阳2号折合产量最高,为6 060 kg/hm2,较对照品种 JK108增产11.29%;其次是LSK21,折合产量为 5 915 kg/hm2,较对照品种JK108增产 8.63 %;LJ316、LSK20分别较对照品种JK108增产2.5%、0.9%。上述4个食用向日葵品种(系)综合性状表现较好,可在试区推广种植。     

不同藜麦品种(系)在寒旱山区的种植表现

为探明不同藜麦品种在寒旱山区的适应性与丰产性,筛选出适宜种植的优良藜麦品种。以陇藜1号、陇藜4号为对照,对引进的8个藜麦品种(系)在天祝县松山镇进行种植试验。结果表明,8个藜麦品种(系)均能成熟,折合产量为1 529.02~3 391.76 kg/hm2,其中LYLM-5折合产量最高,为3 391.76 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇黎1号、陇黎4号分别增产13.79%、20.98%;青藜4号、蒙藜4号折合产量较高,分别为3 313.53、3 255.10 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇黎1号分别增产11.16%、9.20%,较对照品种陇黎4号分别增产18.19%、16.11%;黑藜1号、GSQ-9的农艺性状及产量表现最差。综合评价认为,LYLM-5、蒙藜4号适宜在天祝县松山镇范围内推广种植。     

小黑麦基因型与环境互作效应及产量稳定性分析

选用26个小黑麦品种(系),在西北高寒农牧交错区的不同试点和供水条件下,利用GGE双标图法研究了小黑麦基因型与环境互作效应以及稳产性.结果表明:在自然干旱条件下,小黑麦平均籽粒产量为1805.5 ks/hm2,较普通小麦对照增产54.6%;在灌水条件下,小黑麦平均产量为7196.1 kg/hm2,较对照增产67.2%....     

9个食用向日葵品种(系)在民勤县引种初报

在民勤县对引进的9个食用向日葵新品种(系)进行比较试验,结果表明:TF363折合产量最高,为5 980.8 kg/hm2,较对照品种HF601增产34.84 %;其次是黎莱福1号,折合产量为5 713.95 kg/hm2,较对照增产28.83 %;SY6363、HS3636、金漠606分别较对照增产15.54%、12.28%、8.27%。这5个食用向日葵品种(系)综合性状表现较好,可在试区推广种植。     

陇东旱塬区冬油菜收获后复种马铃薯品种筛选初报

为筛选适宜陇东旱塬复种的马铃薯优良品种,以当地主栽品种夏波蒂作为中早熟组对照品种、庄薯3号为晚熟组对照品种,对冬油菜茬复种的23个马铃薯新品种的生育期、产量等指标进行分析。结果表明,冀张薯12号、红美、14w-5折合产量分别为30 487.5、27 115.3、26 448.4 kg/hm2,较对照品种夏波蒂分别增产36.3%、21.3%、18.2%,生育期85~89 d,可作为当地油菜茬复种马铃薯的中早熟品种;青薯9号、青薯10号、陇薯7号折合产量分别为27 782.4、27 615.6、26 462.2 kg/hm2,较对照品种庄薯3号分别增产39.2%、38.4%,32.6%,生育期99~104 d,可作为复种马铃薯晚熟品种。     

12个冬小麦品种(系)在临夏州的适应性比较试验

分别在康乐县和临夏县对从甘肃省农业科学院引进的12个冬小麦品种(系)进行适应性试验。结果表明,康乐试点各参试冬小麦品种(系)的折合产量以LD5-02-30最高,为6 400.0 kg/hm2,较对照品种C4增产44.36%;兰天26号、97-31-12折合产量分别为6 133.3、5 833.3 kg/hm2,较对照品种C4分别增产38.35%、31.58%;临夏试点各参试冬小麦品种(系)的折合产量以LD5-02-30最高,为6 500.0 kg/hm2,较对照品种C4增产95.00%;3-28、临农7230折合产量分别为5 733.3、5 600.0 kg/hm2,较对照品种分别C4增产72.00%、68.00%。在2个试点均表现好的冬小麦品种(系)有LD05-02-30、兰天26号、97-31-12、3-28、临农7230,这5个冬小麦品种(系)表现丰产,抗逆、抗病性强,综合性状良好,适宜在临夏州推广种植。     

Forage qualities,forage yields and seed yields of some legume–triticale mixtures under rainfed conditions

Triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack) grown with legume has a better forage quality and greater yield potential than triticale grown alone. The objective of the study was to determine the suitable mixture rate of legume and triticale grown under the rainfed conditions in the northeast of Turkey. Field experiments, designed in a factorial randomized complete block with three replications, were carried out during 1998–1999 and 1999–2000 starting in the first week of November, 1998 and 1999. The highest dry matter yield (10.96 t ha^?1) was obtained from the mixture including 50% Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) and 50% triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack). Decreasing the seed rate of triticale in mixtures decreased dry matter yield while it increased the crude protein concentration of the hay mixture. The mixtures of 50% grasspea line 38 (Lathyrus sativus L.) and 50% triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack) and 50% hairy vetch and 50% triticale produced the highest seed and crude protein yield. Similarly, 50% Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) and 50% triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack) mixture produced the highest crude fiber and ash yield. Pure hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) and grasspea line 38 (Lathyrus sativus L.) yielded the maximum amount of NO₃ ^? -N to soil, and the highest plant concentration of crude protein, respectively. The mixtures outyielded the pure sowings with respect to dry matter (RYT=1.58) and grain yield (RYT=1.76).     

盐碱地紫花苜蓿品种筛选及耐盐性比较

为筛选适宜嘉峪关市盐碱地种植的紫花苜蓿优良品种,引进国内外10个紫花苜蓿品种,采用随机区组试验法进行了生产性能和耐盐性比较。结果表明,两茬鲜草和干草总产量位居前3位的品种是中兰2号、龙威和公农1号,鲜草产量分别为54 897.44、48 054.02、45 662.82 kg/hm2;干草产量分别为13 056.53、11 115.56、11 095.5 kg/hm2, 均与其他品种差异极显著。10个紫花苜蓿品种在耕层含盐量3.6 g/kg以下均能正常出苗,均具有一定耐盐性,中苜3号、中苜1号和中兰2号、龙威耐盐性较好。综合分析可得,中兰2号、龙威和公农1号这3个品种的丰产性、适应性、耐盐性等综合性状优良,适宜在嘉峪关市中轻度盐碱地种植。     

种植密度对绿洲灌区不同品种青贮玉米生长和产量的影响

青贮玉米为草食家畜最主要的饲草料来源之一,因其品种、株型及种植生态区域不同,适宜栽培密度也不同。为筛选出不同青贮玉米品种在武威地区的合理种植密度,对引进的青贮玉米品种雅玉26号、五谷8818进行了密度试验。结果表明,雅玉26号、五谷8818均在种植密度为9.0万株/hm2时植株田间长势整齐、抗倒伏,折合鲜生物、干生物产量均最高,分别为82 600.5、75 883.5 kg/hm2和30 060.0、28 369.5 kg/hm2。说明青贮玉米雅玉26号、五谷8818在武威地区最适宜的种植密度是9.0万株/hm2。     

陇东山旱地夏播复种饲用甜高粱品种筛选

陇东山旱地区为陇东肉羊肉牛产业的重要生产区，其长期饲草供应不足，困扰产业发展。为探明山旱地夏播复种饲用甜高粱的干草生产力状况，增加饲草生产能力，引进了4个饲用甜高粱品种在陇东山旱地开展试验。结果表明，甜高粱2180收割高度最高，为169.53 cm；其次是陇甜粱1号，为160.87 cm。茎粗以海牛最高，为11.20 mm；陇甜粱1号、甜高粱2180较高，分别为10.20、10.00 mm。鲜草产量、干物质产量均以甜高粱2180最高，分别为35 073.68、14 985.53 kg/hm2；其次是陇甜粱1号，分别为30 797.60、12 385.86 kg/hm2。陇甜粱1号的可溶性糖含量(268.3 g/kg)、干物质采食量(2.24%)、相对饲用价值(110.20)和可消化营养物(57.84)均为最高，其次是甜高粱2180。综合分析，陇甜粱1号和甜高粱2180产草量高，营养价值较高，可在陇东地区山旱地种植。     

基施硒肥对莜麦产量和微量元素含量的影响

在河南省黄河滩区,通过研究基施硒肥(亚硒酸钠)对莜麦青干草和果实产量以及微量元素含量的影响,探索提高莜麦产量以及微量元素含量的新途径。结果表明: 1）基施硒肥能提高莜麦的青干草产量, 当基施量为954 g/hm2的情况下,效果最佳,扬花期青干草产量提高9.33%（P0.05）,但基施硒肥对莜麦果实产量影响不显著; 2）莜麦对硒有较强的吸收和同化能力,可以从肥料中大量吸收无机硒,并大多转化为有机硒向上运输到茎叶和果实中; 3）基施硒肥能在不同程度上提高莜麦青干草中Cu、 Zn和Se的含量,而对Fe和Mn的含量影响不大,当硒肥基施量在954 g/hm2的情况下,扬花期青干草中Cu、 Zn和Se的含量分别提高 9.31%（P0.05）、 13.22% （P0.05）和281.25%（P0.05）; 4）基施硒肥能显著提高莜麦果实中Fe、 Cu、 Zn和Se的含量,而对Mn的含量影响不大,当硒肥基施量在954 g/hm2的情况下,Cu、 Zn和Se的含量分别比不施硒对照提高7.92%（P0.05）、 5.75%（P0.05）和18.75%（P0.05）,当硒肥基施量在765 g/hm2的情况下,莜麦果实中Fe的含量比对照提高10.19%（P0.05）。综上,莜麦对硒肥有较强的吸收和转化能力,适当地基施硒肥有利于提高扬花期青干草中Cu、 Zn和Se的含量和果实中Fe、 Cu、 Zn和Se的含量,适宜的硒基施量为765954 g/hm2。     

硒、钴单施和配施对苜蓿生长及产量的效应研究

为探讨硒、钴在提高苜蓿生长影响,在河南省沿黄滩区,开展了硒、钴单施和配施下对紫花苜蓿生长以及产量和品质影响研究。结果表明,硒、钴单施和配合基施均能够显著提高苜蓿从现蕾到开花期的净光合能力,降低呼吸消耗,提高单位叶面积干物质的生产速率,有利于苜蓿花前青干草生产和果实发育;其中,以硒570 g/hm2、钴762g/hm2配施下效果显著,青干草增产8.06%,种子千粒重可提高12.85%。单施钴和硒钴配施还能促进0—20 cm耕层苜蓿根瘤菌的生长和积累,增强苜蓿的固氮能力。说明硒钴合理基施对苜蓿青干草和优质种子生产具有很好的应用效果。     

陇中半干旱区小豆新品系引种鉴定试验

为了鉴定筛选出适宜陇中半干旱区种植的高产抗病小豆新品系。以京农6号为对照品种,对引自中国农业科学院作物科学研究所的7个小豆新品系的生育时期、农艺性状、籽粒产量、抗逆性和抗病性等进行试验观察。结果表明,参试品系生长习性均为直立型,生育期122～129 d;均为中晚熟品系;田间抗旱性、抗倒伏性强,高抗白粉病,中抗病毒病和叶斑病。其中ZKS小豆7株高85 cm、主茎分枝数4.6个、主茎节数14.2个、单株荚数61.7个、荚长17.7 cm、荚粒数9.8个、百粒重19.5 g,折合平均产量3 533.33 kg/hm2,较对照品种京农6号增产6.53%,田间抗旱性、抗倒伏性强,高抗白粉病、病毒病、叶斑病、适应性好。ZKS小豆4株高80 cm、主茎分枝数4.4个、主茎节数13.8个、单株荚数58.8个、荚长16.9 cm、荚粒数9.3个、百粒重18.3 g,折合平均产量 3 400.00 kg/ hm2,较对照品种京农6号增产2.51%,抗旱性、抗倒伏性强,高抗白粉病、叶斑病,中抗病毒病,适应性较好。ZKS小豆7和ZKS小豆4可以在陇中半干旱地区进一步推广种植。     

Comparative response of spring and winter triticale productivity and bioethanol yield to fertilisation intensity

Grains of triticale are one of the feedstocks suitable for bioethanol production because they are characterised by high starch and low protein contents. In the present study, spring and winter triticale were comparatively studied to evaluate the influence of N fertilisation intensity on the productivity and bioethanol yield, as well as to assess the relationship between the meteorological factors and ethanol yield. Six treatments of N – 0, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180?kg?ha^?1 were compared in spring triticale and in winter triticale crops. The analysis of variance showed that nitrogen level (factor A), year (factor B) and their interaction (A × B) significantly (P?≤?.01) influenced grain yield, starch yield and bioethanol yield of both spring and winter triticale. Fertilisation was the main factor explaining 47.6% and 41.0% of the total variability of bioethanol yield of spring and winter triticale, respectively. Nitrogen fertiliser rates 120–180?kg?ha^?1 resulted in maximum bioethanol yield of spring triticale (2417–2480?l?ha^?1) and winter triticale (4311–4420?l?ha^?1). Bioethanol conversion efficiency of nitrogen-fertilised spring and winter triticale was similar 492?l?t^?1 and 508?l?^?1, respectively. Meteorological factors had a greater impact on grain productivity and bioethanol yield for winter triticale than for spring triticale. Both seasonal types of triticale could be good feedstocks for bioethanol production in the areas with congenial weather conditions for their cultivation.     

RELATIVE RESPONSE OF FORAGE AND SEED YIELD OF ALFALFA TO SULFUR,PHOSPHORUS, AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION

A field experiment was conducted from 2000 to 2007 on three-year old alfalfa stand near Star City in northeastern Saskatchewan to determine the influence of balanced application of sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), or potassium (K) fertilizers on forage dry matter yield (DMY) and seed yield, protein concentration (PC) in forage, concentration and uptake of total nitrogen (N), P, K, S, and boron (B) in forage and seed, and residual soil extractable P, exchangeable K and sulfate-S. Appropriate application of S, P, or K fertilizer nutrients was required to obtain optimum yield, PC, and nutrient concentration and uptake, especially when alfalfa was grown for hay production. Yield response to fertilization was much more frequent and much higher when alfalfa was managed as hay compared to when managed for seed production. The results suggest the importance of proper fertilization in increasing longevity of alfalfa stands. Under both hay and seed plots, there was only a small increase in residual sulfate-S from S fertilization, but significant accumulation of extractable P mainly in the 0–15 soil layer from P application. There was relatively higher concentration of exchangeable K in soil in the seed plots than in hay plots. In hay plots, concentrations of residual exchangeable K in soil were negatively related to DMY, especially in 2007. The findings suggest that when a soil is testing low (or deficient) in a nutrient and alfalfa growth is reduced, then alfalfa producers should consider applying fertilizers to supply adequate amounts of nutrients that are lacking in the soil, especially for optimum forage production. However, it is still difficult to predict accurately if a profitable alfalfa seed yield response to fertilization would occur, particularly when soils are testing marginal in some nutrient levels and yields are negatively affected by abnormal weather conditions (drought soil moisture conditions reducing plant growth, wet, cloudy and cool weather conditions decreasing pollination activity and late summer and/or early autumn frost damage to seed formation) that often occur in the growing season in this region.