Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Swine: Neutralizing Antibody in Naturally and Experimentally Infected Swine

Neutralizing antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) were detected in sera of Iowa farm sows, their piglets derived by hysterectomy and in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pigs in a closed herd. No antibodies against BVDV were detected in sera of 134 fetal pigs from 67 sows in an Iowa slaughter-house. Neutralizing antibodies against BVDV or hog cholera virus, produced experimentally in SPF pigs, were demonstrated to be due to different antigens rather than to a common antigen, although slight cross-neutralization reactions sometimes occur.     

Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Swine: Characteristics of Virus Recovered from Naturally and Experimentally Infected Swine

A noncytopathogenic field strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) was isolated from an Iowa farm brood sow and from her hysterectomy-derived, colostrum-deprived (HDCD) piglets. This field isolant was fully virulent for a neonatal calf. The NADL strain of BVDV was passaged through a series of HDCD piglets with no resultant loss of virulence for neonatal calves. Most of the BVD viral isolants recovered from pigs had been changed from a cytopathogenic biotype to a noncytopathogenic biotype. Circumstantial evidence points to swine as “carrier” hosts of BVDV.     

绍鸭性成熟过程中血清IGF-I和leptin浓度的变化

试验采用放射免疫学方法（RIA）测定了绍鸭性成熟过程中血清leptin和IGF-I浓度的变化.结果显示,性成熟前30 d（90日龄）时血清leptin浓度显著升高,此后呈下降趋势;在1～150日龄期间,血清IGF-I浓度出现两个峰值,即在发育早期（30日龄）和性成熟（120日龄）时.以上结果显示：leptin和IGF-I可能是性成熟启动的两个代谢相关激素信号.     

绍鸭性成熟过程中血清IGF-I和leptin浓度的变化

试验采用放射免疫学方法(R IA)测定了绍鸭性成熟过程中血清leptin和IGF-I浓度的变化。结果显示,性成熟前30 d(90日龄)时血清leptin浓度显著升高,此后呈下降趋势;在1~150日龄期间,血清IGF-I浓度出现两个峰值,即在发育早期(30日龄)和性成熟(120日龄)时。以上结果显示:leptin和IGF-I可能是性成熟启动的两个代谢相关激素信号。     

褐黄血蜱卵蛋白的鉴定及在卵孵化过程中的量变

【目的】 探明褐黄血蜱卵蛋白成分及其在胚胎发育过程中的作用,为筛选抗蜱生殖疫苗分子奠定基础。【方法】 提取褐黄血蜱孵化0、7、14、21 d的卵蛋白,以过滤器辅助样品制备（filter-aided sample preparation,FASP）法酶解卵蛋白,液相色谱-串联质谱法（liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS）分离、检测酶解特异性肽段,搜索该蜱中肠转录组文库鉴定卵原生质中的蛋白,登录NCBI对各蛋白进行注释;以Maxquant计算各蛋白的iBAQ （intensity-based absolute quantification）和非标记定量（Label-free quantification,LFQ）,分析各蛋白在不同孵化时间的相对丰度及其增减,并对高可信蛋白序列进行GO功能富集分析。【结果】 本研究共检出特异性肽段1 044条,由此鉴定多肽291种,其中高可信的（unique peptides≥2）112种,但仅39种有相关文献。基于文献,按照功能将39种蛋白归类于酶、酶抑制剂、转运蛋白、热休克蛋白、细胞骨架蛋白及未知蛋白6类;酶、酶抑制剂、转运蛋白、热休克蛋白都有家族蛋白共存的情况。定量分析显示,在新产褐黄血蜱卵中,丰度最高的是Contig14782,其次为Contig6575。至孵化结束时,在20种高丰度蛋白中,1种（Contig2242）显著升高（P<0.05）,14种显著下降（P<0.05）,5种增减不显著。GO功能富集分析表明,本次鉴定的高可信蛋白主要定位于胞外区域,参与免疫调节过程,发挥结合蛋白质和RNA的作用。【结论】 褐黄血蜱卵蛋白成分复杂、种类众多,包括酶、酶抑制剂、转运蛋白、热休克蛋白、细胞骨架蛋白等,其中酶是最多的一类。在孵化期间,绝大多数蛋白酶和酶抑制剂丰度显著下降。     

北京黑猪性成熟过程中外周血清促黄体素浓度变化

同窝北京黑猪10头(公6,母4),自5日龄起每20d通过前腔静脉采血一次,直到185日龄.每头猪共采血10次.每次采血均在上午10:00～10:30之间进行.用天津德普公司(DPC)的LH双抗体放免试剂盒测定血清LH浓度.结果表明,北京黑猪母猪在5日龄时LH浓度较高,之后下降,25～65日龄之间保持低水平,85日龄时显著上升,至105日龄上升到高峰,之后又下降,125～165日龄之间LH浓度相对稳定,且显著高于25～65日龄之间,185日龄LH浓度较低.公猪在45日龄以前血清LH维持在低水平,65日龄开始上升,至105和125日龄时达高峰,之后又降低,直到165日龄,185日龄LH浓度又上升.5日龄和165日龄母猪血清LH浓度显著高于公猪,而25～65、125、185日龄则相反.85、105和145日龄两性的LH浓度无差异.由此看出,北京黑猪出生后性成熟过程中血清LH浓度有显著变化.     

皖南花猪血液蛋白多态性的研究

本试验采用高pH值垂直板型不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 (PAGE)检测了皖南花猪、大约克猪以及大皖猪 (大约克×皖南花 )的血浆后白蛋白 2 (PO2 )、磷酸己糖异构酶 (PHI)和 6 磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酸 (6 PGD)三个血液蛋白质 (酶 )座位的多态性 ,并分析了它们的群体基因型与基因频率 ,通过连锁不平衡分析得出它们的连锁顺序为PHI—PO2 — 6 PGD ,同时与部分猪种进行了聚类分析     

猪瘟疫苗免疫猪群中抗体水平的检测

应用ＰＰＡ－ＥＬＩＳＡ技术对猪瘟疫苗免疫猪群中的血清抗体水平进行了检测。共检测４个县的猪血样４８６份,检出血清抗体阳性４４９份,阳性率为９２．３９％,群体免疫保护率在８４．２４％～９４．２５％之间,群体均分值在８９．５～９８之间。     

A Preliminary Comparison of Plasma Fibrinogen Concentrations,Leukocyte Numbers and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate as Non-Specific Indicators of Inflammatory Conditions in Buffalo (Bubalis Bubalis)

Zargham Khan, M., Muhammad, G., Umar, A. and Ali Khan, S., 1997. A preliminary comparison of plasma fibrinogen concentrations, leukocyte numbers and erythrocyte sedimentation rate as non-specific indicators of inflammatory conditions in buffalo (Bubalis bubalis). Veterinary Research Communications, 21 (4), 265-271The plasma fibrinogen concentration (Fib), total leukocyte count (TLC), neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte numbers, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were determined in 153 buffaloes suffering from different clinical conditions. Fib increased significantly (p < 0.05) in chronic mastitis, pyrexia, pyometra, cutaneous abscesses, tail gangrene and acute indigestion, whereas in most of the other conditions studied it varied non-significantly. TLC increased significantly in chronic mastitis, pyrexia, endometritis, cutaneous abscesses and infected skin wounds. An increase in neutrophils was associated with an increased TLC. Numbers of lymphocytes varied non-significantly in most of the conditions. Monocytes decreased significantly in most of the acute conditions. ESR was significantly elevated in all clinical conditions. Significantly increased mean Fib values in the different conditions varied from 703 ± 119 to 725 ± 140 mg/dl, while the maximum individual value was 1510 mg/dl in a case of cutaneous myiasis. The significantly increased mean TLC ranged from 9.48 ± 2.91 to 11.1 ± 3.5 × 103/µl, while it was 21.7 × 103/µl in a case of meningitis. ESR values in sick buffaloes varied from 57 to 111 mm in the first hour.     

猪心脏脂肪酸结合蛋白（H—FABP）及其基因的研究进展

据Gerbens(2001)等报道,肌内脂肪(IMF)含量与肉质及口感呈正相关,可影响肉质的嫩度、风味和多汁性。当肌束和肌纤维间沉积一定脂肪时,肉的断面大理石状评分较高,不仅鲜嫩,而且柔软多汁,是理想的鲜食肉品。众多研究认为,2.5%~3%IMF含量是新鲜猪肉产品的理想标准。近20年来,IMF含     

Influence of Plasma Proteins on Erythrocyte Aggregation in Three Mammalian Species

The aggregation capacity of human erythrocytes lies between that of the non-aggregating bovine erythrocytes and the remarkably aggregating equine ones. As the ability to aggregate is attributed to cell factors and the composition of the plasma proteins, the role that plasma proteins play in the aggregation process in these three species was studied. Washed erythrocytes were suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; pH 7.4, 300 mOsm/L) plus polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in a suitable concentration to obtain an average intensity of aggregation (control media). The superimposed effect of replacing 80% of the medium by either autologous plasma, serum or albumin solution was studied. The plasma proteins appeared to enhance aggregation by human and equine erythrocytes, but impaired this process in bovine erythrocytes. Some evidence was obtained supporting the existence of serum factors capable of reducing aggregation of erythrocytes in cattle and it was concluded that the non-aggregating behaviour of bovine erythrocytes may be due to the cells interacting particularly with the macromolecules in the serum.     

青海细毛羊血红蛋白和红细胞蛋白质多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对４７９只青海细毛羊的血红蛋白和红细胞蛋白质的多态性进行研究。结果发现：①青海细毛羊的血红蛋白基因座上有ＨＢＡＡ，ＨＢＡＢ，ＨＢＡＣ和ＨＢＢＢ四种基因型。ＨＢ＾Ａ，ＨＢ＾Ｃ等位基因频率分别为０．２６４１，０．７３４９和０．００１０；②血红蛋白基因座的基因型频率和基因频率没有性别间差异；③青海细毛羊ＥＰ－１和ＥＰ－２是单态性蛋白质。     

Precipitation Reactions in Agar Between Swine Serum and Homologous Pancreas Extracts

Hyperimmune anti-hog cholera and nonimmune swine sera yielded approximately 50% more precipitation reactions in agar-gel diffusion tests with pancreas extracts from SPF noninfected swine than with extracts obtained from swine experimentally infected with virulent hog cholera virus. The pancreas-reacting property of swine serum was determined to be relatively heat stable, withstanding 68 C for 30 minutes.

Of various swine serum fractions tested, the only one that reacted with pancreas extracts contained gamma, beta and alpha-globulins. In the absence of alpha-globulin, precipitation reactions were not observed.

Sera of newborn SPF piglets, containing 50% alpha-2 globulin, formed more intense precipitation lines with swine pancreas extracts than were formed by the sera of their dams with the same extracts.

The pancreas-reacting activity of swine sera was completely removed by absorption with pancreatic tissue. This property was not removed by absorption with guinea pig kidney, or beef, swine or human erythrocytes.

Maceration of pancreatic tissue released reactive substances in a polydispersed form. This was demonstrated by the ability of almost all supernates and sediments from differential centrifugation of such preparations to form precipitation lines with swine sera. Reactive substances from swine pancreas were found to be relatively heat labile, being inactivated in one hour at 56C.

No evidence was obtained in this study to indicate that the observed precipitation reactions were related to hog cholera virus and its corresponding antibody. The reactions are believed to have resulted from the interaction of protein-related substances present in normal swine pancreas with a relatively heat stable component, possibly alpha-globulin, in swine serum.

     

Concentration of IgG in Serum and Large Intestine of Dysenteric Swine

Radial immunodiffusion tests employing swine IgG monospecific antiserum have permitted the determination of the IgG concentration in the serum and large intestine of healthy and dysenteric 12 week old boars.

Specific and significant increases in IgG were observed in serum and colon during the acute from of the disease, but in the cecum only, during the subacute phase of the disease.

     

The Physiopathological Changes in Synovial Fluid in Arthritic Swine

There was produced with Ery. rhusiopathiae a rheumatoid-like arthritis in swine, which passed successively through acute, sub-acute and chronic stages. This was typically a non-suppurative proliferative change with concurrent changes in the joint fluid.

The arthritis was shown to persist even though the initial inciting agent could not be isolated from the advanced cases of chronic polyarthritis. This strongly suggests that the pathological process responsible for this arthritis can become autonomic and probably is related to a state of hypersensitivity.

The cellular changes observed in the synovial fluid did not differ markedly from those of rheumatoid arthritis in man. Synovial fluid mucinous changes were apparent in the decreased viscosity observed grossly. Definite changes in the character of the precipitate produced by acetic acid treatment of the fluid were also observed.