Trichoderma as a biological agent of Fusarium oxysporum species complex and Vigna unguiculata growth promoter

European Journal of Plant Pathology - This study aimed to evaluate the potential antagonistic role of Trichoderma in the control of Fusarium isolates belonging to the Fusarium oxysporum species...     

Cell death induced by fumonisin B1 in two maize hybrids: correlation with oxidative status biomarkers and salicylic and jasmonic acids imbalances

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Fusarium graminearum and Zymoseptoria tritici cause economically important diseases of wheat. F. graminearum is one of the primary causal agents of Fusarium...     

Stylar canal architecture of maize is not an indicator of resistance to Fusarium verticillioides infection

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Fusarium verticillioides causes Fusarium ear rot (FER) of maize and contaminates the grain with mycotoxins called fumonisins. Structural barriers that prevent...     

High concentrations of antagonistic bacterial strains from diseased sanqi ginseng rhizosphere suppressed Fusarium root rot

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Sanqi ginseng Fusarium root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum, is a serious soil-borne disease that threatens the sustainable development of the sanqi ginseng...     

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) suppressed Fusarium rot development and neosolaniol (NEO) accumulation by activating phenylpropane metabolism in muskmelon fruit

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Fusarium rot of muskmelon fruit, caused by Fusarium sulphureum, is a typical postharvest decay that not only seriously influences fruit quality but also leads...     

Evaluating the potential of soil management to reduce the effect of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in banana (Musa AAA)

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) causes Fusarium wilt in banana (Musa AAA). Foc Race 1 devastated the subgroup Gros Michel during the first half of the...     

Race identification of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici isolates obtained from tomato plants in Nova Friburgo,Brazil

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) is one of the main diseases affecting tomato plants. Three races (races 1, 2 and 3) of the...     

α-Thujone exhibits an antifungal activity against F. graminearum by inducing oxidative stress,apoptosis, epigenetics alterations and reduced toxin synthesis

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Specific mechanisms contributing to the antifungal activity of α-thujone, one of the main compounds of essential oils in herbs, against Fusarium...     

Effectiveness of antagonistic bacteria,commercial fungicides,and fourth generation quaternary ammonium salts,against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race “1 or 2”

European Journal of Plant Pathology - There are three races of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) that significantly affect commercial banana plantations. Most banana cultivars are very...     

Chemical and biological control of Fusarium species involved in garlic dry rot at early crop stages

European Journal of Plant Pathology - The aim of the study was to test in vitro and in vivo the efficacy of triazoles and biocontrol agents (BCAs) against Fusarium proliferatum and F. oxysporum,...     

Risk assessment of Aphanomyces euteiches root rot disease: quantification of low inoculum densities in field soils using droplet digital PCR

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Fusarium verticillioides is a soil-borne plant pathogen of maize plants (Zea mays L.) responsible for major yield losses by causing root, stalk, and ear rot...     

A predictive model based on a pluviothermic index for leathery pocket and fruitlet core rot of pineapple cv. ‘Queen’

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Leathery pocket (LP) and fruitlet core rot (FCR) of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) caused by Penicillium funiculosum Thom. and/or Fusarium moniliforme Sheld...     

Basal stem rot of oil palm incited by Ganoderma species: A review

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Populus davidiana × Populus bolleana (PdPap) root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum is a major disease in China. Controlling this disease...     

Reduced fusarium ear rot and symptomless infection in kernels of maize genetically engineered for European corn borer resistance

ABSTRACT Field experiments were conducted in 1994, 1995, and 1996 to evaluate the incidence and severity of Fusarium ear rot and the incidence of symp-tomless Fusarium infection in kernels of maize hybrids genetically engineered with Bacillus thuringiensis genes encoding for the delta-endotoxin CryIA(b). Treatments included manual infestation with European corn borer (ECB) larvae and insecticide applications to limit ECB activity to specific maize growth stages or mimic standard ECB control practices. Fusarium symptoms and infection were affected by the specific cryIA(b) transformation used in each hybrid that determines tissue-specific expression of CryIA(b). In hybrids expressing CryIA(b) in kernels, incidence and severity of Fusarium ear rot and incidence of symptomless kernel infection were reduced compared with near-isogenic hybrids lacking cryIA(b) genes. In plants that were manually infested with ECB, ear rot incidence was reduced by 87, 58, and 68%; severity was reduced by 96, 54, and 64%; and incidence of kernel infection by Fusarium species was reduced by 17, 38, and 38% in 1994, 1995, and 1996, respectively. Results were similar in treatments that were not manually infested, but differences between transgenic and nontransgenic hybrids were smaller. Most kernel infection was due to F. moniliforme, F. proliferatum, and F. subglutinans (section Liseola) collectively, and it was within this group that transgenic hybrids exhibited reduced infection. Expression of CryIA(b) in plant tissues other than kernels did not consistently affect Fusarium symptoms or infection. Disease incidence was positively correlated with ECB damage to kernels. Insecticide applications also reduced Fusarium symptoms and infection when applied to nontransgenic plants.     

Comparison of commercial European wheat cultivars to Fusarium infection of head and seedling tissue

Susceptibility of eight commercial European wheat cultivars to fusarium head blight (FHB) disease caused by Fusarium graminearum , F. culmorum , F. poae and Microdochium nivale (formerly known as Fusarium nivale ) was compared under controlled environment conditions (16°C). FHB did not differentially affect cultivars in terms of disease symptoms, fungal DNA content of grain or deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination. However, the Hungarian-grown cultivars GK-Othalom and Fatima 2 (of Romanian origin) showed greater type V resistance (yield tolerance) to FHB than did the others. Also, nivalenol was produced by F. poae in these two cultivars and in Italian cultivar Norba, but not in other cultivars. Overall, significant relationships were found between the FHB and seedling blight resistance in vitro of these eight cultivars, but such relationships were generally highly dependent on cultivar, and therefore it is likely that the in vitro test is at best measuring components of FHB resistance and/or genotype-specific resistance components.     

Identification et répartition géographique des fusarioses affectant l'épi et le pied du blé dans certaines régions du Nord de la Tunisie

Des prospections ont été réalisées durant les mois d'Avril et de Mai dans certaines parcelles de blé situées au Nord de la Tunisie dans l'objectif d'identifier les espèces de Fusarium associées à la pourriture du collet et à l'échaudage des épis de blé. Les résultats ont montré que Fusarium culmorum , Fusarium graminearum et Microdochium nivale ( Fusarium nivale ) sont les plus fréquemment isolées. Leur gravité varie selon les régions. En effet, les champs localisés dans les gouvernorats de Béja, Jendouba et Bizerte ont montré l'existence principalement de six espèces de Fusarium : Fusarium culmorum , Fusarium graminearum , Fusarium avenaceum , Fusarium solani , Microdochium nivale ( Fusarium nivale ) et Fusarium equiseti .     

Predominance and association of pathogenic fungi causing Fusarium ear blightin wheat in four European countries

Two years of field sampling aimed to establish the predominance and association among the fungal pathogens causing Fusarium ear blight (FEB) in four European countries (Hungary, Ireland, Italy and the UK). A PCR-based method was used to detect four Fusarium species and two varieties of Microdochium nivale present in the samples. The prevalence of FEB pathogens differed significantly between countries. Overall, all pathogens were commonly detected in Ireland and to a lesser extent in the UK. In contrast, only two species, F. graminearum and F. poae, were regularly detected in Italy and Hungary. Fusarium culmorum was rarely detected except in Ireland. Log-linear models were used to determine whether there is the independence of the six FEB pathogens at each sampling site. Significant two-pathogen interactions were frequently observed, particularly in harvest samples; all these significant two-pathogen interactions were of the synergistic type, except between F. poae and F. culmorum, and were generally consistent over the 2 years and four countries. Fusarium graminearum and F. poae were least frequently involved in two pathogen interactions but were involved in most of the nine significant three-pathogen interactions. However, only the interaction between F. graminearum, F. avenaceum and F. poae was significant in both years. Potential implications of the present results in FEB management are discussed.     

Population Genetic Analysis Corroborates Dispersal of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici from Florida to Europe

ABSTRACT Fusarium oxysporum isolates from tomato plants displaying crown and root rot symptoms were collected in central and southern Florida and analyzed using vegetative compatibility grouping (VCG) and nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) data. VCG 0094 of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, previously known only from northwestern Europe, was predominant among 387 isolates assessed. In addition, two newly described VCGs (0098 and 0099) were detected at low frequencies. Floridian VCG 0094 isolates displayed a continuum of compatibilities, which is in contrast to the three distinct subgroups previously identified among European VCG 0094 isolates. RFLP haplotypes were constructed using one repetitive and three low-copy probes. Population subdivision of VCG 0094 from various Floridian counties and from northwestern Europe (Belgium, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom) was evaluated by analysis of molecular variance. A "natural" population structure was revealed, differentiating populations from the east and west coasts of Florida. In addition, isolates from Europe were statistically indistinguishable from the Palm Beach County, FL, population. Furthermore, gene diversity among Palm Beach County VCG 0094 isolates was more than five times greater than among European isolates. Results from both VCG and RFLP analyses strongly support the inference that the European VCG 0094 constitutes a founder population that resulted from intercontinental migration of a few isolates from Palm Beach County, FL.     

麦类禾谷镰刀菌致病性鉴定

江苏各地禾谷镰刀菌菌株间的致病力有强弱的不同,小麦品种对江苏禾谷镰刀菌菌株的抗病性也有强弱不同,但无一品种免疫。江苏各地禾谷镰刀菌菌株的致病力和品种的抗病性都没有特异性差异,所以,还不能认为江苏的禾谷镰刀菌有不同的生理小种存在。建议在江苏可以当地毒性较强的菌株作为麦类赤霉病抗病性鉴定的对象。     

玉米穗、茎腐病镰刀菌相互关系的同工酶分析

对沈阳、河北、北京、吉林等地区玉米穗、茎腐病禾谷镰刀菌和串珠镰刀菌进行了可溶性蛋白和同工酶的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。以研究玉米穗、茎腐病镰刀菌在病原学上的相互关系。结果表明：各地区玉米穗、茎腐病串珠镰刀菌均具有高度的同源性,相似系数在0．89～0．98之间,菌株间差异表现为个体间多样性。两种病害禾谷镰刀菌病原学的相互关系因地域不同而不同。河北、吉林两地区穗、茎腐病禾谷镰刀菌间均未发现生理分化现象,相似系数均在0．93以上。沈阳地区玉米穗、茎腐病存在明显的生理分化现象,相似系数仅为0．65～0．67。