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近几年,受秋季高温和暖冬天气影响,油菜在苗床和大田提早抽苔开花现象较为普遍,每年均有不同程度发生。2004年冬前最为典型,苗床早苔早花不能移栽,大田难以抵挡寒流,冻死伤重。据定点考察,苗床早苔早花8.6%,大田早苔早花13.3%, 冻死率18.3%。针对出现的问题,及时采取有效的补救措施,虽然保证一定的产量,但生产成本增加,植株易 相似文献
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本文经过1993-1994两年秋,冬季试验和大田调查,结果表明,油菜早花的发生除品种特特之外,栽培措施对早花的发生影响极大。半冬性品种容易发生早花,冬性品种易出现早花;早花生发率与播期,苗床的氮肥用量呈极显著负相关;与苗床密度、移栽苗龄呈极显著正相关。 相似文献
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cqDTFA7a and cqDTFC8, two major effects of early flowering QTL, were identified in the NNDH population of spring Brassica napus, and closely linked markers SSR G1803, InDel IA7-4, and SSR S035 with cqDTFC8 developed in previous studies. In this study, a BC2F2 population for early flowering QTL locus cqDTFC8 was constructed, and a closely linked SNP marker was further developed. The early flowering genotypes of one natural resources contained 93 spring B. napus varieties were identified used four closely linked markers with two loci, and selected 3164 and 2216 resources with cqDTFA7a site, 3484 and 2857 resources with cqDTFC8 site. Two site resources were aggregated by site polymerization through reciprocal hybridization. The polymerized DH system was rapidly obtained by microspore culture and maker assisted selection. A hybrid combination was created between polymeric line with good traits and early flowers and the Polima CMS, and the utilization value of the polymeric line was further analyzed by the production test at multiple environments for two consecutive years. cqDTFC8 encryption results showed that this site was located in the SNP11 and SNP12 interval, and separated from SNP11 altogether. The identification results of early flowering genotypes of natural resources showed that there were 50 individuals containing cqDTFA7a locus, with an average initial flowering period of 58.1 days; 16 single plants containing cqDTFC8 locus, with an average flowering period of 58.3 days; and 16 single plants containing two loci, with an average flowering period of 55.2 days, indicating the more early flowering sites containing, the earlier flowering. The results of polymerization showed that the flowering time of the polymerized lines of cqDTFC8 and cqDTFA7a was 2-3 days earlier than that of the single locus parents, among which the polymerized DH18 from 3164 of cqDTFA7a and 3484 of cqDTFC8 was 3 days earlier than that of the parents, and the yield-related traits were better than those of other lines. The combination of DH18 and the Polima CMS 025A was further utilized, and the combination was named TZG18. Yield results of two years and nine environments showed that yield of TZG18 was above 17.5% higher than the Haoyou 11, a local B. rapa variety on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Those results indicated that the early flowering site polymeric lines had an obvious advantage over the single locus lines in flowering time, and had an effect on the increasement of rapeseed yield. This study is a preliminary exploration of MAS breeding for early flowering traits of Brassica napus, providing materials support for replacing B.rapa varieties using early maturity Brassica napus varieties in spring rapeseed region, and approaches for gene polymerization breeding technology. 相似文献
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暖冬天气,油菜年前容易发生早薹、早花现象。对早薹、早花油菜进行摘薹是油菜增产的一项重要技术措施。本文报道了早薹、早花油菜的摘薹试验结果,为年前早薹、早花油菜提供增产技术。试验在浙江省蒋堂农场直播油菜田中进行,土壤肥力中偏低。供试油菜品种为浙优油2号。... 相似文献
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前期在甘蓝型春油菜NNDH群体中定位到cqDTFA7a和cqDTFC82个早花主效QTL,分别开发了与cqDTFA7a紧密连锁的SSR标记G1803、InDel标记IA7-4,以及与cqDTFC8紧密连锁的SSR标记S035。本研究在此基础上构建了早花QTL位点cqDTFC8的BC2F2群体,进一步对该位点加密,开发了与cqDTFC8紧密连锁的标记SNP11。利用开发的与两个位点紧密连锁的4个标记对93个甘蓝型春油菜自然资源进行早花基因型鉴定,从中筛选出含有cqDTFA7a位点的资源3164和2216,含有cqDTFC8位点的资源3484和2857,两位点资源之间两两正反杂交进行位点聚合。通过小孢子培养和标记辅助选择快速获得聚合DH系,筛选出性状优良且早花的聚合系与波里马细胞质雄性不育系配置杂交组合,连续2年多点进行测产试验,对聚合系利用价值进一步分析。cqDTFC8加密结果显示,该位点被定位于SNP11和SNP12区间中,与SNP11共分离。自然资源早花基因型鉴定结果显示,含有cqDTFA7a位点的单株50个,平均初花期58.1 d,含有cqDTFC8位点的单株16个,平均花期58.... 相似文献
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白菜花属于十字花科、芸苔属、结花球的草木植物,为半耐寒性蔬菜,喜冷凉气候。生长适应温度范围为8~26℃,生长适宜温度为16~22℃,低于8℃或高于24℃则产品质量不佳。当幼苗长到7片真叶以上、叶宽7cm,茎粗约0.6mm时,遇到5~17℃的温度最易通过春化阶段而发生先期抽薹。菜花耐旱不耐涝,喜湿润条件,尤其在花球期供水必须充足;喜弱光和长日照,尤其是在花球膨大期不可让阳光直接照射菜球,否则花球变黄,着生绒毛,生长小叶,营养和商品价值下降。菜花对营养条件要求较高,营养生长期需要较多氮肥,进入花球发育期还需要较多磷肥、钾肥及适量的硼、镁元素。菜花要求土壤深厚疏松,保水保肥,富含有机质。 相似文献
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早热和早中熟杂交油菜适时早播会造成少量早苔早花,但其群体年前营养生长时间较长,相对比迟播不发生早花的长势较好,前期早发,后期抗倒,经济性状较好,产量较高。 相似文献
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正柑橘裂果现象在柑橘成熟采收前极易发生,裂果率有时候能够达到40%以上。一、柑橘裂果产生原因1.高温影响。土壤水分的急剧变化是导致柑橘裂果的重要原因,为此高温干旱期土壤需保持一定的含水量。许多橘农反映,连续干旱一个星期以后突降暴雨,第二天就会出现许多裂果。果实发育膨大后逐步进入成熟期时,果皮(柚类为海绵层)停止生长和增厚,而果实内汁胞迅速伸长和增大,促进整个瓤瓣迅速增大而充实,压迫外果皮,逐步变薄。若 相似文献
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汉中油菜制种基地是首批国家级杂交油菜种子生产基地,同时汉中也是陕西省油菜种植大市,油菜生产对稳定油料生产、增加农民收入、促进生态旅游、确保“中国最美油菜花海汉中旅游文化节”的成功举办等都具有重要意义。以汉中油菜制种产业为研究对象,分析了该产业在本地区的发展现状及存在的问题,并对其进一步的发展提出了相应的措施。 相似文献
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芹菜空心的原因保护地栽培,如果温度太低,光照不足或受冻害,致使叶片光合同化作用减弱,并使根系对养分的吸收运转受阻而产生空心。露地栽培遇高温干旱,夏季昼夜温差过小,呼吸消耗较多,如果土壤水分供应不均匀,芹菜生长过程中生理缺水会抑制根部对各种元素的吸收输送,是产生空心的主要原因。水肥管理不当,生长前期对磷素,中后期对钾素,西芹对硼均敏感。当植株缺硼时叶柄会纵裂,心叶变褐龟裂。缺钙易诱发心腐病。在肥水相同的情况下,土壤盐碱过重,较粘重,或砂性大以及病虫害严重地块易发生空心。预防措施选用纯正、高质量的实心芹菜等优良品种… 相似文献
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小麦死苗的原因及预防措施 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
小麦死苗是生产上经常出现的现象,往往造成缺苗断垄,白地增多,严重影响基本苗和最终产量。为减少死苗,笔者在深入分析小麦死苗原因的同时,提出预防措施。 相似文献
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食用菌菌种污染原因及预防措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
食用菌的菌种制作是食用菌栽培的前提 ,纯度高、生命力强的菌种是食用菌栽培取得丰产优质的先决条件。菌种质量的好坏不仅关系到一个菌种场的经济效益高低和信誉好坏 ,而且关系到广大菇农的栽培效益。随着食用菌产业的大发展 ,菌种的生产量不断扩大 ,由于菌种污染而造成的经济损失也在成倍地增加 ,这已成为食用菌发展不可忽视的问题。从菌种生产的各个环节入手 ,客观地分析造成污染的原因 ,采取相应的预防措施 ,才能达到降低制种成本 ,提高菌种质量和产量的目的。1 菌种污染的原因1.1 菌种本身不纯。无论是母种、原种还是栽培种 ,都要使用… 相似文献