猪瘟免疫抗体监测分析

为切实了解全区农村散养生猪的猪瘟免疫效果,本试验随机抽取了390份生猪血清,用酶联免疫吸附试验检测猪瘟免疫抗体。结果显示:所有样品血清的猪瘟免疫抗体合格率为82.82%,说明部分散养户家的猪瘟免疫效果有待提高,还需要进一步采取切实有效的措施,提高生猪的有效免疫率。     

淮安区高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗免疫效果分析

为了了解淮安区生猪蓝耳病的免疫效果,本试验在两个养殖场进行了生猪蓝耳病免疫试验,并用酶联免疫吸附试验,检测了生猪免疫抗体,结果显示,正确的免疫程序,可使猪蓝耳病疫苗免疫合格率达95%以上.     

2015～2019年蒙自市猪瘟、蓝耳病、猪O型口蹄疫免疫抗体监测分析

为全面掌握蒙自市生猪防疫质量和免疫效果,2015～2019年对全市11个乡镇的44个规模养殖场和106户散养户共采集血清974份,采用酶联免疫吸附试验分别对猪瘟(CSF)、蓝耳病(PRRS)、猪O型口蹄疫(FMD)的免疫抗体进行监测。结果显示:2015～2019年,CSF、PRRS、FMD总体免疫抗体阳性率分别为80.86%、74.59%、66.37%;春防免疫中FMD免疫不合格,秋防免疫中PRRS、FMD免疫不合格,其余均为合格;规模猪场与散养户免疫抗体FMD均为不合格,其余均为合格,且规模猪场阳性率均高于散养户。CSF、PRRS、FMD均免疫合格的乡镇有3个,免疫均不合格的乡镇有2个;CSF、PRRS免疫合格的乡镇有4个;CSF、FMD免疫合格的乡镇有1个;仅有PRRS免疫合格的乡镇有1个。     

民和县猪“三病”免疫抗体检测

本文对民和县峡门等乡镇的生猪进行了口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病免疫抗体检测,其结果为:O型口蹄疫免疫抗体群体合格率为91.5%、猪瘟免疫抗体群体合格率为89.1%、高致病性猪蓝耳病免疫抗体群体合格率为79.6%;规模养殖场O型口蹄疫免疫抗体群体合格率为91%、猪瘟免疫抗体群体合格率为94.1%、高致病性猪蓝耳病免疫抗体群体合格率为88%;散养户O型口蹄疫免疫抗体群体合格率为91.9%、猪瘟免疫抗体群体合格率为86.0%、高致病性猪蓝耳病免疫抗体群体合格率为74.4%;免疫抗体合格率达到农业部规定的≥70%以上,且规模养殖场免疫抗体高于散养户,表明"三病"的免疫抗体效果好,具有较强的保护力。     

猪瘟、口蹄疫和高致病性蓝耳病的免疫试验

自2006年以来,生猪高致病性猪蓝耳病疫情流行情况严重,给我国养猪业带来了沉重打击,严重影响了养猪业的健康发展,广大养猪户的生产积极性也受到了沉重打击.为有效控制生猪高致病性蓝耳病的流行,保障养猪业的健康稳定发展,2007年起农业部把生猪高致病性蓝耳病纳人强制免疫病种,要求对所有应免生猪进行强制免疫.有关研究表明,生猪高致病性蓝耳病疫苗的免疫对猪瘟疫苗的免疫效果有一定的影响(主要是会推迟猪瘟疫苗产生免疫抗体的时间).由于增加了高致病性猪蓝耳病的强制免疫,也加大了基层生猪防疫工作开展的工作量和难度,难以确保面上免疫的密度和免疫效果.为了寻找-个比较合理的猪病免疫程序,利于我市更好的开展生猪的防疫工作,确保面上的免疫密度和免疫效果,我们选择了-个规模猪场进行了猪瘟、口蹄疫和高致病性蓝耳病疫苗的免疫试验.     

新沂市不同规模猪场(户)的抗体水平监测和免疫效果分析

为了解新沂市2017年5月份规模猪场生猪口蹄疫等重大动物疫病及猪伪狂犬病的免疫情况,随机抽取全市3个不同规模的猪场共计1145份血清样品,17个乡镇、街道办共采集散养户血清共340份,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测重大动物疫病免疫抗体及伪狂犬病免疫抗体、野毒感染抗体水平,检测结果显示:规模猪场猪瘟(HC)、口蹄疫O型(FMD)和蓝耳病(PRRS)的抗体阳性率分别达到94.49％、91.09％和89.17％;免疫三价苗的场口蹄疫A型(FMD)、亚1的抗体阳性率分别为95％、95.58％;伪狂犬野毒感染抗体(gE)的阳性率为4.28％、免疫抗体(gB)的阳性率为87.68％;散养户猪血清猪瘟(HC)、口蹄疫O型(FMD)和蓝耳病(PRRS)的抗体阳性率分别为87.06％、81.3％、80.％,伪狂犬野毒感染抗体(gE)的阳性率为11.18％、免疫抗体(gB)的阳性率为40.29％;规模猪场的三种重大动物疫病的抗体阳性率平均都达到85％以上,规模猪场猪伪狂犬病的免疫效果较好.     

驻马店市猪场疫病监测与免疫效果分析

为了解驻马店市秋季生猪免疫情况,应用ELISA试验对全市10个县区的规模猪场和散养户共计854份血清样品进行集中监测,结果显示：全市规模猪场猪瘟、口蹄疫O型和蓝耳病的免疫合格率分别达到91.9％、98.5％和93.5％;散养户猪瘟、口蹄疫和蓝耳病的免疫合格率分别达到86.8％、90.1％和88.8％.三种疫病的免疫合格率平均都达到85％以上,规模猪场的免疫合格率大于散养户. 现将2012年秋季集中监测情况报告于下,供读者参考.     

淮安市猪场疫病抗体水平监测与免疫效果分析

为了解淮安市秋季生猪免疫情况,应用ELISA试验对全市7个县区的规模猪场和散养户共计854份血清样品进行集中监测,结果显示:全市规模猪场猪瘟、O型口蹄疫和蓝耳病的免疫合格率分别达到91.9%、98.5%和93.5%;散养户猪瘟、O型口蹄疫和蓝耳病的免疫合格率分别达到86.8%、90.1%和88.8%。三种疫病的免疫合格率平均都达到85%以上,规模猪场的免疫合格率大于散养户。     

元江县2018-2021年生猪O型口蹄疫免疫效果评价与分析

为了解元江县生猪O型口蹄疫（FMD O）疫苗免疫状况,并评估免疫效果,2018-2021年在全县10个乡镇的规模场和散养户中,随机采集生猪血清样品,采用ELISA方法进行免疫抗体检测。结果显示：不同年份FMD O免疫抗体合格率平均为64.94%;不同区域FMD O免疫抗体合格率平均为64.01%;不同养殖方式规模场FMD O的免疫抗体合格率（66.23%）与散养户（64.61%）相比,相差1.62个百分点,差异不显著（P＞0.05）。结果表明,近年来元江县生猪FMD O整体免疫效果不是很理想,出现免疫不达标的年份、区域及养殖方式,应引起高度重视,检测结果可为元江县生猪FMD O的潜在风险点控制、疫苗选择及防控提供参考。     

双江县2020—2022年猪瘟、猪蓝耳病免疫抗体监测结果分析

为了掌握双江县2020—2022年规模化养殖场和散养户猪群中猪瘟、猪蓝耳病免疫抗体现状，随机在双江县内接种过猪瘟、蓝耳病疫苗的规模场和散养户中采集猪血清样品584份，应用ELISA方法进行猪瘟、猪蓝耳病抗体的检测和分析。结果：2020—2022年猪瘟抗体合格率分别为92.41%、91.67%、85%,其中规模场抗体合格率分别为80%、84%、72%,散养户抗体合格率分别为95.98%、94.61%、90%,均达到国家强制免疫标准(70%);2020—2022年猪蓝耳病抗体合格率分别为88.84%、62.78%、58.33%,其中规模场抗体合格率分别为100%、76%、62%,散养户抗体合格率分别为85.63%、62.5%、56.92%。近三年猪瘟免疫效果理想，但猪蓝耳病免疫效果不理想，猪瘟、猪蓝耳病抗体水平均呈逐年下降的趋势，需进一步采取应对措施，提高区域内的生猪疫病防控水平，并为双江县内猪瘟、猪蓝耳病的有效防控提供参考依据。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。