Shoot proliferation and callus regeneration from nodular buds of Drepanostachyum luodianense

This research reports on an efficient shoot proliferation and callus regeneration system for bamboo.Young, semi-lignified branches with one lateral bud from Drepanostachyum luodianense(Yi et R. S. Wang) Keng f.were used as explants. Disinfection with 0.1% HgCl_2 for 8 min was the optimum treatment and the best medium for bud initiation was Murashige and Skoog(MS) medium containing 3.0 mg L~(-1)6-benzyladenine(BA). Multiple shoots were induced from nodal shoot segments on MS medium containing 5.0 mg L~(-1) BA, 0.5 mg L~(-1) kinetin(Kin), and 1.0 mg L~(-1) naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA). The highest frequency of callus formation(65.6%) was on MS medium containing 4.0 mg L~(-1)2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2, 4-D), 0.5 mg L~(-1) NAA, and 0.1 mg L~(-1) thidiazuron(TDZ). The optimum medium for callus proliferation was MS medium with 4 mg L~(-1)2,4-D, 0.5 mg L~(-1) TDZ and 0.5 mg L~(-1) NAA, and the optimum hormone combination was 4 mg L~(-1) BA ? 0.5 mg L~(-1) NAA for callus redifferentiation(up to 85.6%). A 100% rooting was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L~(-1) NAA and 0.5 mg L~(-1)3-indole butyric acid(IBA). Rooted plantlets were acclimatized in a greenhouse in humus soil ? perlite(1:1) substrate. These micropropagated callus induction and regeneration systems for bamboo will be useful for genetic engineering and multiplication.     

罗扶木瓜组培快繁技术

以罗扶木瓜茎尖为试材进行离体组培快繁技术的研究结果表明：最佳诱导产生不定芽的培养基为MS 6-BA1．0mg／L NAA0．2mg／L，增殖培养基为MS 6-BA2．5mg／L NAA0．1mg／L，生根培养基1／2MS IBA0．2mg／L ABT1．0mg／L。试管苗经适宜条件练苗驯化的移植大田，成活率可达82％以上，而且生长良好。     

茛艻花组织培养技术

以茛艻花顶芽为外植体进行离体培养,成功建立了快速繁殖技术体系,结果表明,不同激素及其浓度对其增殖及根的形成影响显著。各个阶段适宜培养基:(1)增殖培养基为MS+BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L,培养30天,增殖率稳定为4.65;(2)壮苗培养基为MS+6-BA 0.2 mg/L+IBA 0.2 mg/L;(3)生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA4mg/L+蔗糖20 g/L时,生根率达95%。     

Shoot multiplication of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Syringa reticulata</Emphasis> var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">mandshurica</Emphasis> from in vitro cultured seedlings

We developed a shoot multiplication protocol for Syringa reticulata Blume var. mandshurica Hara from in vitro cultured seedlings that derived from in vitro germinated seeds. The shoots could be induced on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with proper plant growth regulator combinations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The better medium for shoot multiplication and growth was MS + 5 mg L^?1 BA + 0.5 mg L^?1 IBA + 20 g L^?1 sucrose + 7 g L^?1 agar, and the corresponding shoot induction rate was 75 %. The plantlets grew well after rooting on 1/2MS medium (macro-elements of MS medium are at half-strength) supplemented with 1 mg L^?1 IBA, and the survival percentage was >80 % at 16 weeks after transplanting.     

色木槭芽直接增殖途径的培养条件

为建立色木槭芽直接增殖的诱导培养体系,以色木槭野生树木休眠芽萌发枝条为材料,进行芽增殖的培养条件研究。结果表明,4月份是适宜休眠芽培养的取材时期。嫩茎在2%次氯酸钠浸泡20 min是最佳消毒方案。NAA浓度对休眠芽萌发和嫩茎生长的影响具有显著差异。MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+20 g/L蔗糖(pH5.8)是适合休眠芽萌发和嫩茎伸长的培养基。培养30天时,腋芽萌发率可达63.3%,嫩茎平均高度可达15.9 mm。6-BA对芽直接增殖的促进效果好于KT。不同激素组合中,IBA与6-BA组合对芽增殖和丛生芽生长的效果好于NAA与6-BA组合、NAA与KT组合、IBA与KT组合。MS+0.1 mg/L IBA+1 mg/L 6-BA+20 g/L蔗糖是适合芽增殖和丛生芽生长的培养基。培养30天时,芽增殖率可达90%,增殖倍数可达3.19,且茎芽生长正常。     

Preservation of Juniperus thurifera L.:a rare endangered species in Algeria through in vitro regeneration

Juniperus thurifera L.is an endemic Cupres saceae from the Aure`s Mountains of north eastern Algeria and endangered,in part,due to the scarcity of viable seeds It is threatened by other abiotic factors and the lack of an effective management strategy will increase its risk o extinction.The dearth of information on its in vitro regeneration impedes its application in forest managemen programs.We therefore developed a micropropagation protocol using microcuttings with auxiliary buds.Cuttings were grown on different combinations of media supplemented with plant growth regulators at different concentrations.The highest number of shoots and branches regenerated from original shoots was obtained on Woody Plant Medium(WPM)supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine(BAP)(0.5 mg L^-1)and 2,4-dichlorophe noxyacetic acid(2,4-D)(0.25 mg L^-1).The best elongation of shoots was achieved with WPM supplemented with0.5 mg L^-1of BAP and 0.25 or 1 mg L^-1 of 2,4-D.On the second subculture,shoots had a higher number of branches than those of the first.The highest rooting rate,38.8%,was obtained with shoots cultured in 1/2 Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium supplemented with 5.0 mg L^-1each of indol-3-butyric(IBA)and naphthalene acetic acid(NAA).Similarly,the highest root numbers and lengths were produced on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with IBA and NAA(5.0 mg L^-1each).During transfer to acclimatization,rates of plant losses of 50% occurred.The second part of the experiment showed that the best shoot callusing was on WPM supplemented with BAP and 2,4-D,with either the combination 0.5+0.25 or 0.25+0.25 mg L^-1.The results of this research provide a starting point for further studies on in vitro regeneration of J.thurifera for the sustainable management of its unique ecosystem in the Mediterranean basin.     

金银花优良无性系离体快繁研究

本试验以金银花优良无性系苍源1#为外植体,采用离体快繁技术建立其组培快繁体系,以期能在短期内进行大量扩繁。研究结果表明：茎段是较适合的外植体材料,在MS＋BA 0.5 mg/L（单位下同）＋IBA 0.5培养基上能较好地诱导生芽,建立无菌系;在MS＋BA 0.1～0.5＋NAA 0.1～0.3的培养基上能有效增殖,增殖系数可达6.5;生根培养基以MS＋IBA2.0为宜,生根率可达93%。     

红掌的组织培养与快速繁育

选生长健壮的红掌盆苗,研究其组培快繁技术,结果表明：MS＋BA 1 mg/L＋NAA 0.2 mg/L＋葡萄糖30 g/L诱导率最高;1/2MS＋BA 2 mg/L＋2,4-D 0.5 mg/L＋椰汁100 mL/L＋蔗糖30 g/L培养基愈伤组织及芽苗增殖率最高;壮苗最佳培养基MS＋BA 0.5 mg/L＋IBA 0.05 mg/L＋椰汁100 mL/L＋蔗糖30 g/L;最佳生根培养基1/2MS＋NAA 0.3 mg/L＋蔗糖20 g/L,生根率达95%以上,当生根苗有3条-4条时即可移栽。     

巨桉无性系EG5叶片高效再生体系的建立

以巨桉栽培无性系EG5无菌苗的叶片为外植体进行愈伤组织诱导与植株再生研究。结果表明:愈伤组织高效诱导和不定芽分化的最适培养基为改良MS+0.12 mg·L-1TDZ+0.25 mg·L-1NAA;硝酸铵对EG5叶片愈伤组织生长及植株分化的影响较大,最适宜质量浓度为0.412 5 g·L-1;最佳伸长培养基配方为改良MS+0.3 mg·L-16BA+0.05 mg·L-1IBA+0.3 mg·L-1IAA;暗培养10 d能促进不定芽分化,延缓愈伤组织老化和褐变速度。生根培养基为改良MS+0.4 mg·L-1NAA时生根率最高,为65.47%,移植成活率为90%以上。     

苦丁茶的离体培养与快速繁殖

用苦丁茶萌蘖芽茎段进行离体快速繁殖，外植体采用０．１％氰霉素预处理，可有效地提高消毒效果。芽增殖培养基采用ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，ｐＨ调整为５．０有效高的增殖系数，生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ，能有效促进小芽生根，其移栽成活率可达９０％以上。     

植物激素对杉木组培苗增殖和生根的影响

对NAA、IBA和6-BA对杉木组培苗增殖及生根的影响进行研究,结果表明,培养基中6-BA与NAA、IBA的比例适宜时能明显促进杉木组培苗生长和芽分化,适宜浓度的IBA比NAA更利于根的形成和生长,但激素浓度过高会抑制苗木生长。苗木质量主成分分析表明,增殖培养时,应选择利于芽分化和生长的培养基;生根培养时,应选择利于提高生根率、根数量、根长等的培养基。综合比较后以MS+NAA 0.05mg/L+6-BA 0.3 mg/L+琼脂7 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L为较适宜的增殖培养基,1/2MS+IBA 0.7 mg/L+琼脂7g/L+蔗糖25 g/L为较好的生根培养基。     

余甘子丛生芽诱导和快速繁殖研究

本试验以余甘子嫩芽和嫩枝茎段为外植体 ,在 MS培养基中进行离体繁殖和培养试验。结果表明 ,添加细胞分裂素 BA对丛生芽诱导有明显促进作用 ,激素组合以 BA与 NAA为最好 ,嫩芽外植体诱导丛生芽的最适培养基为 MS BA0 .5 mg/ L NAA 0 .1mg/ L,分化率达 90 %以上 ;嫩枝茎段旅导丛生芽所需的 BA浓度相对高些 ,最适培养基为 MS BA 2 .0 mg/ L NAA 0 .1mg/ L,分化率达 5 6 .7% ,丛生芽增殖生长培养基为 MS BA 0 .1mg/ L NAA 0 .1mg/ L Na H2 PO45 0 mg/ L。生根培养基为 1/ 2MS NAA 0 .2 5 mg/ L IBA 0 .2 5 mg/ L ,生根率在 30 %左右     

厚荚相思组培育苗试验

以引种的厚荚相思优树萌芽条为材料进行组织培养快速繁殖试验,结果表明:适合厚荚相思外殖体诱导的培养基为改良MS+BA0 3～0 5mg·L-1+KT0 1～0 5mg·L-1,适合继代增殖培养基为改良MS+BA1 0～1 5mg·L-1+KT1 0～1 5mg·L-1,生根培养基为改良1/2MS+NAA0 5mg·L-1,试管苗的生根率达95%以上。     

芳樟的离体繁殖

建立了芳樟离体繁殖体系。采用0.1%HgCl_2溶液对芳樟新生嫩茎进行消毒,适宜的消毒时间为10min。1mm茎尖的成苗率达到85.3%,在附加BA0.5mg/L、GA_30.2mg/L、IBA0.2mg/L的MS培养基上,芳樟的增殖系数可达15,试管苗大规模移栽的成活率达90%以上。     

重瓣非洲菊的组培技术研究

取重瓣非洲菊幼小花托 ,以MS为基本培养基 ,附加不同生长调节剂及浓度水平诱导愈伤组织形成不定芽进行组培研究。结果表明 :重瓣非洲菊幼小花托在MS +BA 5 0mg·L-1+NAA 0 5mg·L-1培养基上能很好地诱导形成愈伤组织并分化出不定芽 ,诱导率 91 8% ;MS +KT 5 0mg·L-1+IAA 0 5mg·L-1培养基对不定芽增殖效果较好 ,增殖倍数达4 4 4 ;生根培养基为 1/ 2MS +NAA 1 0mg·L-1,生根率达 98%。选择河泥 +细沙 (2∶1)混合作移栽基质 ,成活率达 90 %以上。     

尾巨桉M8无性系增殖培养技术研究

选用已经通过无性系测定的优良无性系单株尾巨桉（Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis） M8， 以其半木质化嫩枝为外植体，采用组培繁殖中遗传稳定性高的丛芽发生途径，探讨基本培养基、6-BA、 IBA、蔗糖和 pH 这 5 个因子分别对增殖效果的影响。结果表明：（1）采用 MS + 6-BA 0.2 mg/L + 蔗糖 30 g/L + 卡拉胶 6.8 g/L，pH 为 5.8 的培养基进行尾巨桉 M8 外植体腋芽的诱导时，10 ~ 15 d 为出芽高峰期， 平均污染率为 15.3%，平均诱导率为 77.9%；（2）适宜尾巨桉 M8 增殖的最佳培养基为改良 MS 培养基、 6-BA 浓度为 0.2 ~ 0.5 mg/L、IBA 浓度为 0.05 ~ 0.2 mg/L、蔗糖浓度为 30 g/L、pH 值范围为 5.4 ~ 6.0，继 代周期为 20 d，增殖系数可达 4.49，有效芽数可达 30 棵 / 瓶。因此，尾巨桉 M8 较适宜的诱导培养基 为：MS + 6-BA 0.2 mg/L + 蔗糖 30 g/L + 卡拉胶 6.8 g/L，可实现腋芽萌发快，污染率少，诱导率高。最优 的增殖培养基为改良 MS + 6-BA 0.2 mg/L + IBA 0.1 mg/L + 蔗糖 30 g/L + 卡拉胶 6.8 g/L，pH 为 5.4 ~ 6.0， 可实现继代苗叶片舒展，生长健壮，提高组培效率，发挥组培快繁的优势。     

金心扶芳藤组培快繁技术研究

为加快金心扶芳藤在园林绿化中的应用,以其带腋芽的茎段为材料,筛选其初代、增殖及生根培养基,建立组培快繁技术体系。结果表明:金心扶芳藤较适宜的初代诱导培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+IBA 0.05mg/L,芽的诱导率达96.0%;较适宜的增殖培养基为MS+BA 5.0 mg/L+IBA 0.08 mg/L+NAA 0.06 mg/L,芽的增殖系数达3.9;较适宜的生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA 2.0 mg/L,苗木生根率达100%,平均根数7.8条,根长4.5 cm。     

黑荆树茎尖培养技术的研究

以黑荆树无菌种子苗的茎类为材料，研究了用不同的细胞分裂素，生长的浓度及其配比，培养基成分的浓度，对茎尖诱导分化芽，芽的伸长及生根的影响，研究结果；培养基为ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ６．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＬＢＡ０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＧＡ３０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ有利于促进茎尖丛生茎的形成和伸长，１／２ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ有利于诱导芽生根，试管苗移栽成活率达９０％，并在温室里生长正常。     

核桃试管微繁增殖培养基的筛选

本试验比较了5种培养基对华亭绵核桃、武威薄皮核桃试管苗增殖的影响。从中筛选了2种最佳增殖培养基，华亭绵核桃最适培养基的配方为DKW 0．5BAmg／L IBA0．05mg／L，武威薄皮核桃最适培养基的配方为DKW BA0．50mg／L IBA0.01mg／L。     

Rapid Micropropagation of Edible Bamboo Dendrocalamus asper

Abstract

Micropropagation protocols for Dendrocalamus asper using nodal shoots and seeds culture are described. Multiple shoots were induced through forced axillary branching. Ninety-five percent of the nodal shoot explants taken from juvenile primary and lateral branches, produced multiple shoots through axillary buds activation within 2 to 8 weeks on Murashige & Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 0.1-15 mg/l benzyladenine (BA). The cultured seeds also produced multiple shoots (1-20) within 6 weeks on this medium. The multiple shoot differentiation was influenced by the concentration of BA in the medium. The in vitro generated shoots were excised and subculture on MS + 3.0 mg/l BAP for further shoot multiplication. Fifteen to 20 fold rate of shoot multiplication was achieved by regular subculturing. These shoots were multiplied for more than 3 years without loss of vigor. Ninety-five percent of the shoots were rooted, when propagules (each consisting of cluster of 3 shoots) were transferred on to MS medium with 3.0 mg/l NAA or 10 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

To date, 18,000 plants (through axillary bud initiated from nodal ex-plants) and 6,000 plants from seed culture have been hardened and acclimatized. 12,000 plants have been field transferred.