Vegetative propagation of African Blackwood (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Dalbergia melanoxylon</Emphasis> Guill. &; Perr.): effects of age of donor plant,IBA treatment and cutting position on rooting ability of stem cuttings

A study to determine the best vegetative propagation protocol was carried out for Dalbergia melanoxylon. Natural regeneration of D. melanoxylon is limited due to poor seed viability and germination. The effects of age of donor plant, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatment and cutting position on rooting of stem cuttings were investigated. The effect of age of donor plant was significant (P < 0.001) only for percent rooting, position effect was significant for all studied parameters, and IBA treatment at 300 ppm was insignificant only for percent callusing. Interactive effects of cutting position × age of donor and cutting position × IBA treatment were significant for percent rooting and root number per cuttings while interactive effect of age × IBA was significant only for percent rooting. Observed difference in rooting performance could be due to uneven distribution of root promoting and inhibiting substances with respect to age of donor plant and IBA which intensified root formation. Cuttings from juvenile donor plant performed better in all rooting parameters than mature donor plant. The highest percentages in rooting were (71.11%) and (24.42%) for cuttings from juvenile and mature donor plants, respectively. IBA treated cuttings produced higher percentage rooting, number of roots and root length than untreated cuttings which revealed a strong IBA influence on rooting ability of stem cuttings in D. melanoxylon. It was concluded that stem cuttings should be taken from juvenile donor plants and basal cutting position should be used to produce high quality planting stock material for the afforestation and conservation programme of D. melanoxylon.     

金叶银杏硬枝扦插繁殖生根过程及其生根机制研究

【目的】研究不同生长调节剂处理对金叶银杏硬枝扦插生根率和成活率的影响,探讨金叶银杏的生根机制,为金叶银杏苗木扦插快繁技术体系的建立提供技术支持和理论指导。【方法】通过NAA和IBA处理金叶银杏硬枝插穗,检测它们对插穗的生根状态、生根指标及IBA对扦插过程中插穗皮部可溶性糖、抗氧化酶、激素含量的影响,探究金叶银杏硬枝扦插繁殖技术和生根机理。【结果】1)金叶银杏插穗愈伤组织诱导期和形成期、不定根发生期和形成期分别在插后的20~26、26~42、42~53、53~79 d。2)800 mg·L^-1 IBA和400 mg·L^-1 NAA+400 mg·L^-1IBA(混合)处理的插穗愈伤组织和不定根出现期及生根率与根数都较其他相应处理的效果好,其中生根率分别达64.4%和51.1%;不定根数分别达8.6条和9.3条。3)插穗生根过程中(500 mg·L^-1 IBA处理)基部韧皮部的SOD、PPO活性在插后40、60 d达到高峰,均比对照提前20 d达到峰值;插穗的POD活性出现上升-下降-升高的趋势,插穗可溶性糖也出现升高-下降-升高的趋势,但时间点不一致;而淀粉的含量出现下降-上升的趋势。4)生根期间插穗基部韧皮部的IAA含量出现了2个峰值和一个谷值;而ZR含量在第40天达到峰值后下降;GA含量先下降后上升;ABA含量在插后的前期高后期低,且值都低于同期对照。IAA/ABA比值在插后的第40天(愈伤组织形成期)达到谷底,后又上升(不定根形成期)。IAA/GA在插后的40~60 d内快速上升,80 d后又开始大幅下降;IAA/ZR值在扦插愈伤组织形成期(40 d)呈下降趋势,到60 d时(不定根发生期)又急剧上升到峰值。【结论】高活性的SOD和POD有利于插穗初期愈伤组织的形成(40 d),高活性的POD与PPO有利于不定根的形成(60 d)。较高的IAA含量是保证愈伤组织形成(20~40 d)的必要条件,不定根形成期(60 d)需要较高的IAA/ZR、IAA/ABA、IAA/GA比值。本研究为金叶银杏扦插繁殖技术和生根机理的研究及金叶银杏苗木的快速繁殖生产提供技术支持。     

Ectomycorrhizal fungi and exogenous auxins influence root and mycorrhiza formation of Scots pine hypocotyl cuttings in vitro

We studied the ability of the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Couch and Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. (Strain H), to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and to affect the formation and growth of roots on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) hypocotyl cuttings in vitro. Effects of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and the auxin transport inhibitor, 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), on rooting and the cutting-fungus interaction were also studied. Both fungi produced IAA in the absence of exogenous tryptophan, but the mycelium and culture filtrate of Pisolithus tinctorius contained higher concentrations of free and conjugated IAA than the mycelium and culture filtrate of Paxillus involutus. Inoculation with either fungus or short-term application of culture filtrate of either fungus to the base of hypocotyl cuttings enhanced root formation. Inoculation with either fungus was even more effective in enhancing root formation than treatment of the hypocotyl bases with IBA. Fungal IAA production was not directly correlated with root formation, because rooting was enhanced more by Paxillus involutus than by Pisolithus tinctorius. This suggests that, in addition to IAA, other fungal components play an important role in root formation. Treatment with 5 microM TIBA increased the rooting percentage of non-inoculated cuttings, as well as of cuttings inoculated with Pisolithus tinctorius, perhaps as a result of accumulation of IAA at the cutting base. However, the marked reduction in growth of Pisolithus tinctorius in the presence of TIBA suggests that the effects of TIBA on rooting are complicated and not solely related to IAA metabolism. The high IAA-producer, Pisolithus tinctorius, formed mycorrhizas, and the IBA treatment increased mycorrhizal frequency in this species, whereas TIBA decreased it. Paxillus involutus did not form mycorrhizas, indicating that a low concentration of IAA together with other fungal components were sufficient to stimulate formation and growth of the roots, but not the formation of ECM symbiosis.     

Genetic variation in rooting ability of loblolly pine cuttings: effects of auxin and family on rooting by hypocotyl cuttings

After about 20 days, hypocotyl cuttings from 20-day-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings rooted easily in the presence of the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), with roots forming directly from xylem parenchyma. In contrast, woody cuttings from 1-2-year-old hedged seedlings formed roots indirectly from callus tissue in 60-90 days, but IBA had little effect on rooting. Variation in rooting among hypocotyls from both half- and full-sib families was highly significant in response to IBA, and rooting did not occur within 20 days unless IBA was applied. Hypocotyls from poor rooting families tended to produce fewer roots per cutting than hypocotyls from good rooting families. Rooting by woody cuttings and hypocotyl cuttings from the same nine full-sib families was weakly correlated, raising the possibility that at least some common genetically controlled processes were affecting rooting by both types of cutting. The phytotropin N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), supplied at 1 micro M with 10 micro M IBA, significantly inhibited rooting by hypocotyl cuttings from both good and poor rooting families, but there was no significant family x treatment interaction. Family variation in rooting ability may be a function of the frequency of occurrence of auxin-responsive cells in the hypocotyls.     

Vegetative propagation of Colutea arborescens L., a multipurpose leguminous shrub of semiarid climates

The vegetative propagation of the multipurpose leguminous shrub Colutea arborescens from leafless hardwood cuttings was examined. Specific attention was paid to the factors: 1) cutting origin (apical, medial or basal); 2) indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatment (0, 50 or 200 ppm); and 3) relative humidity of the propagation environment (high or low humidity). After 120 days, 67.6% of the C. arborescens cuttings had rooted. The rooting ability of the cuttings was significantly influenced by the cutting origin and hormonal treatment. No effects on rooting percentage were shown by the relative humidity of the propagation environment. The best rooting response (95%) was shown by basal cuttings treated with 200 ppm IBA. Cutting origin, IBA treatment and relative humidity were significantly related to the root number, longest root length and the fresh/dry biomass of roots and leaves. Under conditions of high humidity, basal cuttings treated with 200 ppm IBA gave rise to the most highly developed plants. The positive relationship between sprouting and rooting suggests that successful propagation is related to the shoot formation potential of the cutting's food reserves. These findings were used to propose an efficient method for the vegetative propagation of C. arborescens plants. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Vegetative propagation of Colutea istria Mill. from leafy stem cuttings

This study investigates the optimal conditions for the vegetative propagation of the multipurpose leguminous shrub Colutea istria from leafy stem cuttings. The conditions examined included 1) the origin of the cutting (apical, medial or basal), 2) indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatment (0, 50, 200 or 400 mg/l), 3) the relative humidity of the propagation environment (high or low), 4) wounding base of cutting, and 5) the season in which the cutting was taken. The rooting ability of the cuttings was significantly influenced by all these factors. Winter cuttings obtained from the middle and base of the branch showed a greater rooting capacity than those harvested from the apical area, while autumn cuttings harvested from the middle and apical areas of the branch showed a greater rooting capacity than those harvested from the base. Winter cuttings showed the best rooting capacity than autumn cuttings. IBA treatment (200 mg/l), high humidity (98-100%), and wounding increased the rooting capacity of the cuttings. The sprout of new leaves was higher in basal cuttings, while IBA and wounding also significantly enhanced the root number of rooted cuttings. A method for vegetatively propagating C. istria plants is given.     

Influence of growth hormones on adventitious root formation in semi-hardwood cuttings of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Celasturs paniculatus</Emphasis> Willd.: a contribution for rapid multiplication and conservation management

Celastrus paniculatus Willd. (Celastraceae) is an important medicinal tree valued for its seeds. Indiscriminate collection of this plant from the habitat zones has posed a serious threat to its existence in the wild, results in globally a threatened plant species. Ex situ conservation is a prioritized agenda of research for redlisted plant species. Semi-hardwood stem cuttings collected from 10 to 15 year old trees were treated with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 g l⁻¹) of growth hormones; indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for positive effect on root induction. After 90 days of treatment, results were analyzed for percentage of rooting, root number and average root length per rooted cuttings. The highest rooting (57%) response with highest number of roots (~77.2) was obtained in indole-3-acetic acid at 3.0 g l⁻¹. Overall, high significant (P ≤ 0.05) rooting response was noticed in IAA treatment comparative to hormones IBA and NAA. Rooted cuttings exhibited 100% survival in the experimental field. This study reveals the propagation of semi-hardwood cuttings derived from partially matured branches is possible and it provides a basis for conservation of this threatened plant species by reducing pressure on its natural populations.     

Effect of branch position and auxin treatment on clonal propagation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tectona grandis</Emphasis> Linn. f.

The main objective of our clonal propagation program is the production of high quality timber and faster tree growth. Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) is an important plantation species in the tropics but the demand of teak timber is increasing globally. Teak planting stock is still produced from seeds of unselected elite genotypes which may lead to poor stand establishment. The number of seeds per fruit and their germination ability are also variable and limited by several factors. Therefore an alternative method i.e., clonal propagation is required for mass multiplication of elite trees. It is an established fact that the clonal propagation or adventitious root formation in cuttings is markedly affected by several external and internal factors. Considering these, an experiment was conducted on leafy soft wood shoot cuttings of 3-year-old hedged teak stock plants grown in a hedge garden to study the effects of branch position and auxin treatment on adventitious root formation. A factorial completely randomized design was used for experimentation. Coppice shoots were collected from basal, middle and upper positions of the hedge garden; and mono-nodal leafy cuttings were prepared. These cuttings were treated with different concentrations of IBA and NAA; and were cultured in a mist chamber for rooting where the relative humidity was maintained at 85 ± 2% with maximum and minimum day-night temperature at 32 ± 1°C and 26 ± 1°C respectively. After 45 days the cuttings were removed from the rooting medium and observations were made. It was observed that the rooting parameters viz., percent rooting and percent sprouting, mean number of leaves, mean number of shoots and length, and mean number of roots and length per cutting were significantly influenced by the branch position and auxin treatment. Treatment with 4000 ppm IBA increased percent rooting and percent sprouting whereas NAA suppressed it. Treatment with 4000 ppm IBA also increased the mean number of leaves and shoots, and the length, and the mean number of roots per cutting. The highest mean number of roots and length were observed in cuttings taken from the branch emerging at the upper position followed by branches of middle and lower position. Cuttings of branches at a middle position showed the highest values of percent rooting, percent sprouting, mean number of leaves and shoots and mean shoot length per cutting. Furthermore, the interactive effect of branch position and auxin treatment on rooting and sprouting response was also found to be significant. Overall, the findings of this investigation suggest that middle branch position in hedge plants and 4000 ppm IBA can be made to induce maximum rooting and to produce high quality planting stock material for clonal forestry program of teak.     

Key roles of leaves, stockplant age, and auxin concentration in vegetative propagation of two African mahoganies: Khaya anthotheca Welw. and Khaya ivorensis A. Chev

Leaf area, IBA concentration and age of stockplants were all found to be important factors for successful rooting for vegetative propagation using single-node cuttings of the two main African mahogany species: Khaya anthotheca and K. ivorensis. Cuttings with leaf area of 30–50 cm² had the best rooting percentage and cuttings with about 30 cm² had the most number of roots per cutting in K. anthotheca. Khaya ivorensis, cuttings with 10–30 cm² leaf area had the highest rooting percentage. Cuttings collected from 1-year-old stockplants recorded the highest rooting percentage and largest number of roots per cutting. Cuttings from 3-year-old stockplant of the same seeds sources had the lowest rooting suggesting aging negatively impacted rooting ability. The effect of auxin concentration, on rootability was examined with cuttings of K. anthotheca. An IBA concentration of 0.8% was the best exogenous auxin concentration for percentage rooting, number of roots per cutting and the length of the longest root per cutting.     

Clonal propagation of Pterocarpus santalinoides L'Hér. ex DC.: the effect of substrate,cutting type,genotype and auxin

Pterocarpus santalinoides is a multipurpose tree species, native to Africa and South America. However, excessive pruning for fodder is jeopardising its seed production leading to poor regeneration in the Sahel region. Efficient vegetative propagation techniques may overcome this concern. To address this issue, four experiments were conducted to determine the effects of substrate (Experiment 1), cutting type (Experiments 2 and 3), genotype (Experiment 4) and auxins (Experiments 1, 2, and 4) on rooting ability in a non-mist propagating unit in Mali. Among the four tested substrates, no significant differences were found in rooting parameters, including the percentage of rooted cuttings, the number of roots and secondary roots per rooted cutting, and the length of the longest root per rooted cutting. Semi-hardwood cuttings rooted significantly better than softwood cuttings with a higher percentage of rooted cuttings (31.7?±?6.5% vs. 9.2?±?2.7%), greater number of roots (8.2?±?4.8 vs 1.5?±?0.7), greater number of secondary roots (16.7?±?4.2 vs 4.6?±?1.8) and longer root length (17.8?±?12.0?cm vs 2.3?±?1.0?cm) per rooted cutting. In addition, one-node cuttings cut below the second and third nodes, respectively, had the highest rooting success (88% and 90%, respectively) followed by cuttings cut below the fourth node (68%) and the first node (62%). Significant differences in the percentage of rooted cuttings were found among 12 randomly selected genotypes with rooting varying from 2% to 75%.The results also showed that auxin application, especially IBA, had a significant effect on rooting success, the number of roots and secondary roots per rooted cutting. Single-node cuttings, and cuttings of 10?cm length with multiple softwood and semi-hardwood nodes, can be used with or without auxin treatment for successful clonal propagation of P. santalinoides. The results of the present study indicated that P. santalinoides is amenable to clonal propagation using low-cost propagators and sand-based rooting media.     

Vegetative propagation of Inga feuillei from shoot cuttings and air layering

Cuttage and air layering were evaluated as means of vegetative propagation of the tropical woody tree, Inga feuillei. Effects of moisture management systems, leafiness, auxin application, and stem diameter on rooting of semihardwood cuttings were investigated. Cuttings were taken from 2-year-old seed-propagated, greenhouse-grown stock plants. Compound leaves were either reduced in area or removed entirely before auxin pretreatment with 0, 0.3, or 0.8% indolebutyric acid (IBA) followed by sticking under mist or in a polyethylene enclosure. Leafless cuttings did not root regardless of moisture management system or auxin pretreatment, whereas 55% rooting of leafy cuttings was observed. Leafy cuttings rooted significantly better under mist than in a polyethylene enclosure. Auxin treatment at the higher level increased rooting percentage approximately two fold for larger diameter cuttings (8.1 to 20 mm), but had no effect on the smaller cuttings (2 to 8 mm), and resulted in an approximately three fold increase in the number of roots/rooted cutting for both stem diameter classes. Auxin treatment did not affect rooting percentage of leafy softwood cuttings under fog, however it did increase the number of roots per rooted cutting. One hundred percent of air layered shoots rooted within 5 weeks with or without auxin pretreatment, and all rooted layers survived transplanting to soil. Possible implications of this research on agroforestry, selection, genetic improvement, and conservation are discussed.     

4种生长调节剂对三角梅扦插生根的影响

2009年在昆明市松花坝苗圃地,以三角梅4年生健壮母树上1年生枝条为插穗,利用不同浓度（50 mg/L、100 mg/L、150 mg/L、200 mg/L）的4种生长调节剂（ IAA、 IBA、 ABT1、 NAA）分别处理三角梅插穗后进行随机区组扦插试验,调查各生长指标,并进行方差分析。结果表明,相同条件下,不同生长调节剂的不同浓度水平对三角梅插穗的影响不同,以IAA 50 mg/L浸泡24 h的插穗,扦插生根效果最好,平均生根数为18根,平均根长为3.95 cm,生根率为91.67％;用100 mg/L的IAA处理的插穗,扦插生根效果次之。4种生长调节剂处理插穗的生根效果依次为IAA、 IBA、 ABT1、 NAA,均显著优于对照。     

基于正交试验的梅片树扦插育苗研究

利用正交试验法开展梅片树（Cinnamomum burmanni）嫩枝扦插繁育试验,旨在研究插穗类 型、生长调节剂种类及其质量浓度、基质类型等因素对梅片树扦插生根的影响。试验结果表明：插穗类 型、生根激素、激素质量浓度、扦插基质均会影响梅片树嫩枝扦插的生根性状,但影响程度存在差异; 生根率受插穗种类、生根激素、激素质量浓度、扦插基质 4 个因素影响,侧根数主要受到激素质量浓度 影响,不定根长主要受到激素种类、激素质量浓度及插穗类型影响。经比较分析,插穗类型采用带顶芽 茎段、生根激素使用 NAA : IBA=1 : 1 或 GGR、激素处理质量浓度为 100~150 mg/L、扦插基质使用黄心 土的生根效果较好,平均生根率达 88.15%,平均侧根数为 2.5 根,平均根长为 11.05 cm,根系发育较好。 因此在生产上梅片树扦插宜采用带顶芽茎段的插穗经 100~150 mg/L 的 NAA : IBA=1 : 1 组合或 GGR 浸泡 处理 3 h,选用黄心土基质进行扦插。     

观赏桃嫩枝扦插技术研究

为了实现观赏桃的快速繁殖,以观赏桃品种‘元春’1年生半木质化的枝条为试材,分别就不同种类与浓度的植物生长调节剂处理、不同类型的基质处理对其扦插后的生根率、不定根数及不定根长度的影响情况进行了扦插试验。结果表明:以黄心土基质处理的生根效果优于以细河沙基质处理的;不同种类与浓度的生长调节剂处理对桃树生根的影响有差异,以浓度为1 000 mg/L的IBA处理的插穗其生根效果最佳,生根率为13.29%。文中综合分析试验结果后认为,适于桃树绿枝扦插的条件为:以黄心土为扦插基质,以浓度为1 000 mg/L的IBA溶液处理插穗。     

珍稀濒危植物山东栒子扦插技术研究

采用不同浓度IBA及不同枝龄的插穗对山东栒子进行扦插繁殖对比试验。结果表明:IBA处理的插穗,扦插后28天开始生根,根据不定根发生的部位可以判断山东栒子扦插属于混合生根型;1500mg L-1IBA处理的插穗生根特性最佳,生根率可达71.11%、平均每插穗生根数3.74条、总根长为18.70cm;枝龄对扦插生根影响显著,1年插穗生根率最高。     

Adventitious rhizogenesis in Bambusa nutans and Bambusa tulda: Influence of seasonal variation, IBA and cutting type

The influence of seasonal variation, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and type of cuttings was examined on induction and growth of adventitious roots in Bambusa nutans Wall. and Bambusa tulda Roxb. Singlenode culm and culm-branch cuttings from the mature culms were provided with immersion treatment for 24 h of either water (control) or 2 mM IBA in four different seasons, i.e., spring (mid February), summer (mid May), rainy (mid July), and winter (mid November) and maintained for two months in the mist chamber at the relative humidity of (70±5)% and the temperature of (30±2)°C. In B. nutans, adventitious rooting occurred in both types of cuttings in all the seasons with the best rooting in the summer season i.e., May (88% in culm cuttings) and the least in winter. On the contrary, adventitious rooting was recorded only in culm cuttings in spring and summer season in B. tulda. IBA treatment significantly enhanced rooting, root number and root length; registering 14 to 17 times improvement over control in the best rooting season. Three factor-interactions (season × cutting type × IBA treatment) were significant for rooting in B. nutans and all characteristics, except sprouting in B. tulda. Thus, single-node culm and culm-branch cuttings in B. nutans and culm cuttings in B. tulda treated with 2 mM IBA during spring (February) to summer (May) season are recommended for their clonal multiplication.     

Vegetative propagation of African Mahogany: effects of auxin, node position, leaf area and cutting length

Applied auxin, node position, leaf area and cutting length were examined to investigate the requirements for rooting stem cuttings of Khaya ivorensis. All these variables were shown to be important factors affecting rooting, confirming the hypothesis that successful rooting can be achieved if these primary variables are optimised.The best concentration of the auxin IBA was found to be 200 g per cutting, which hastened rooting, increased the percentage of cuttings rooted and increased the number of roots per cutting. One clone (8013) was unresponsive to auxins in terms of the percentage of cuttings rooted, but was the most responsive in terms of the numbers of roots per cutting. A greater percentage of cuttings from basal nodes were rooted than from apical nodes. Cuttings cut squarely at the base produced a radially-arranged root system, whereas an oblique cut resulted in a one-sided root system.Trimming the leaf area of cuttings to 10 cm² gave greater rooting percentages than trimming to 100 cm². In general, long cuttings (39 mm) rooted better than short cuttings (19 mm), however, there was an interaction between leaf area and cutting length, in which cuttings with short stems and large leaves had the lowest rooting percentage.     

Vegetative propagation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Litsea monopetala</Emphasis>, a wild tropical medicinal plant: Effects of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on stem cuttings

In this study we investigated the rooting ability and the growth performance of juvenile single-node leafy stem cuttings of Litsea monopetala (Roxb) Pers. collected from two mature mother trees preserved in the hill forest of Chittagong district, Bangladesh. The rooting ability of cuttings was studied under 0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatments. Significantly better rooting response (p ≤ 0.05) was observed with 0.1% IBA compared to control (0% IBA). The mean number of roots and the length of the longest root of cuttings in different treatments showed no significant difference (p≤0.05). After transfer into polythene bags from non-mist propagator, rooted cuttings treated with 0%, 0.1% and 0.2% IBA demonstrated the highest (100 ± 0.00%) survival capacity. The mean number of shoots developed in cuttings in the polythene bags in first three weeks varied significantly (p≤0.05) among the treatments. Effects of three fertilizer treatments, viz. T0 (no fertilizer), T1 (10g Urea, 20g TSP, 10g MOP dissolved in 1 L water) and T2 (10g Urea, 20g TSP, 10g MOP dissolved in 2 L water) on initial growth ofstecklings were also measured over a 90-days period. The increment of leaf area of stecklings was significantly higher (p≤0.05) under T0 compared with that under T1 and T2 while the increment of stem length, collar diameter and root biomass varied insignificantly among different fertilizer treatments. The results suggest that rooting juvenile single-node leafy stem cuttings could be an effective mean of regenerating L. monopetala. The application of 0.1% IBA concentration is recommended for rooting of juvenile leafy stem cuttings and application of fertilizer appeared unnecessary for the subsequent growth of stecklings in polythene bags.     

黄蔷薇嫩枝扦插育苗技术试验研究

黄蔷薇嫩枝扦插育苗的成活率受很多因素的影响。通过试验研究表明,在以蛭石为扦插基质,用IAA、IBA、NAA处理插穗时,以IBA30mg/L,NAA20mg/L的浓度成活率较高,扦插后,加强扦插苗的水分、光照、温度、病害和施肥管理,可以进一步促进插穗的生根和生长。     

惠园橄榄扦插繁殖育苗技术的研究

分年度对惠园橄榄品种扦插繁殖的生根及生长能力与插穗年龄、生根促进剂、扦插时间、扦插基质、插穗长度等相关因素进行研究,结果表明:①扦插后50d开始形成不定根;②插穗年龄、生根促进剂、扦插时间、扦插基质和插穗长度对插穗的生根及生长能力都有显著影响;③选用2年生已充分木质化的枝条作插穗,激素以100×10-6IAA+IBA浸基24h效果最好,基质以细河沙+黄心土(1∶1)为佳,成活率可达89 6%。