热区几种阔叶树种的育苗基质和容器规格研究

热区南酸枣、西南桦、团花、高阿丁枫、红木荷等阔叶树种的育苗基质和容器规格的第一阶段育苗试验结果表明 :不同的树种对育苗基质的要求不同。南酸枣和团花的苗木因生长快 ,对N、P、K、Ca、Mg等常量元素的需求大于其他树种 ,南酸枣对微量元素的需求也大于其他树种 ;热区阔叶树种对Fe、Mn、Cu等微量元素有较大的需求 ,而对Mo元素的需求相对较小。在 15cm× 17cm、 11cm× 15cm、 8cm× 15cm 3种规格的容器间 ,各树种苗高、地径生长无太大差别 ,因小容器所盛基质的总重量只是大容器的 1/ 3,中容器所盛基质的总重量是大容器的 1/ 2 ,因此 ,育苗生产中应选择中、小容器。第二阶段的试验结果表明 :西南桦工厂化育苗应选择 7cm× 8cm规格的容器 ,山桂花和红木荷可选择 4cm× 5cm规格的小孔容器。     

木兰科树种容器育苗技术

根据多年的实践经验,总结了木兰科树种容器育苗技术的主要环节,包括适时采种、种子处理、层积砂藏、圃地选择、营养土配制、容器选择、芽苗移植、容器苗管理等。     

滇西北亚高山4种乡土阔叶树种1年生容器苗的育苗容器规格及基质研究

对中甸山楂、西南花楸、川白桦、光核桃等4种滇西北亚高山乡土阔叶树种1年生容器苗的育苗容器规格和育苗磬质进行了研究。其相关的试验结果表明：4种树种不同育苗容器规格和育苗基质处理的150日容器苗苗木的苗离、地径、苗木主根长、侧根数、苗木的干、鲜重6项指标在不同处理间存在明显差异。依据试验结果提出中甸山楂、西南花楸一年生容器苗培育宜采用巾型规格的容器,其容器规格为11cm×15cm。白桦和光核桃一年生容器苗培育需使用中、大型规格的容器,其容器规格为11cm×15cm或15cm×18cm。中甸山楂和西南花楸一年生容器苗培育宜选用C基质生土（40％）＋山基士（40％）＋沙子（20％）和D基质生土（40％）＋火烧土（40％）＋山基土（20％）;白桦一年生容器苗培育宜选用C基质;光核桃一年生容器苗培育宜选用C基质或D基质,但推荐用D基质。     

针叶树容器播种育苗技术探讨

<正>一、容器选择为了提高出圃苗木产量和质量,针叶树种育苗可选用"山西省林业科学研究所育苗容器厂"生产的直径4.8cm、6.5cm,高12～15cm,壁厚0.2mm的无底蜂窝状塑料薄膜育苗容器。二、基质及消毒1、土壤。以综合性的肥沃土壤作为主要     

浅议容器育苗技术

所谓的容器育苗,是指在装有营养土的容器里培育苗木。目前,容器育苗被广泛应用于造林不易成活的地区、不易成活的树种和珍稀树种的培育。容器育苗有以下几大优点。1容器育苗的好处1.1不受季节限制根据华北地区气候条件,造林季节一般都在春秋两季为宜。但是容器育苗除了在这两季     

浅谈呼和浩特地区针叶树容器育苗技术

近年来,呼和浩特地区大力进行容器育苗和容器苗造林,特别是高新技术在针叶树绿化中被广泛应用.针叶树容器育苗分为两大类,一类是在塑料容器袋（杯）中播种,培育针阔叶树种容器苗;另一类是在塑料容器袋（杯）中植入1年或2年生苗,在苗圃地中培育套袋容器苗,主要以培育针叶树容器苗为主.现将针叶树容器育苗技术进行简单介绍.     

福州市适宜阔叶绿化树种选育与栽培技术研究

通过研究与开发相结合的方法，先后从省内引进亚热带优良阔叶树种39科107种，在福州北峰宦溪建立种质资源基因库。通过驯化、评价和筛选，选育出优良品种25种。在此基础上重点探讨了女贞（Ligustrum lucidum Ait）、长叶罗汉松（Podocarpus henkelii）、深山含笑（Michella maudiae）、南方红豆杉（Taxug chinensis）等品种的扦插育苗技术，天竺桂（Cinnamomum burmane）的容器育苗技术，及灰木莲（Manglietia glauca）、菜豆树（Radermachera）等品种的栽培技术。     

基质因素对容器育苗上袋成活率的影响

影响容器育苗上袋成活率的基质因素主要是外加的肥料种类。外加3%的过磷酸钙是湿地松等松类容器育苗较理想的基质肥料,复合肥和钙镁磷肥要慎用。外加复合肥应控制在1.5%以下,可适当应用于马褂木等树种的容器育苗。     

山区针叶树种容器播种育苗

容器苗造林具有抗旱、成活率高、造林一次成功的优越性，是干旱、半干旱地区提高造林成活率的好方法。河北省迁西县大力开展针叶树种容器播种育苗进行荒山造林，成效显著，现将技术要点介绍如下：     

太岳山林区针叶树种容器苗造林技术

油松、落叶松、侧柏、白皮松等针叶树种是太岳山林区的重要组成部分。从容器苗造林的优势、苗木选择与运输、造林、抚育管理等方面对针叶树种容器苗造林技术进行了介绍。     

Testing Biodegradable Seedling Containers as an Alternative for Polythene Tubes in Tropical Small-Scale Tree Nurseries

Polythene tubes are the most commonly used seedling containers and their adoption can be attributed to high water retention that enhances seedling establishment as well as the desire for low-cost readily-available containers by nursery operators. Polythene tubes have drawbacks, however, because they adversely affect seedling root growth and are an environmental hazard. This study was conducted in Meru, Eastern Kenya, to investigate whether small-scale tree nursery operators are likely to adopt biodegradable seedling containers (cellulose papers and banana sheaths). It was hypothesised that biodegradable containers are better for seedling growth and are more environmental friendly than the widely used polythene bags. The study assessed the frequency of watering and growth (height and basal diameter) of Calliandra calothyrsus seedlings produced in various biodegradable containers under three conditions with varying watering requirements, i.e. light tree shade, shade net and polythene chambers, the first being widely used by farmers. The performance of these seedlings was later monitored in the field. Seedlings produced in biodegradable containers required more frequent watering than those in polythene bags under light tree shade and shade nets but less frequent in polythene chambers. Seedlings produced in polythene tubes had higher growth rates in the nursery, but when transplanted to the field, they were overtaken by those grown in the biodegradable containers due to transplanting shock after the polythene containers were removed. Biodegradable seedling containers can therefore be adopted in areas where water is not very limiting, and evaporation rates could be reduced and water-use efficiency improved by raising seedlings in simple polythene structures.     

Effects of fertilization and container-type on nutrient uptake and utilization by four subtropical tree seedlings

Seedling quality is important for subtropical tree species endangered by the degradation of natural habitats in southern China.At present,the cultural regime for raising these seedlings involving fertilizer levels and size of container is not clear.In this study,seedlings of three endangered species,red-seed tree(Ormosia hosiei),Zhejiang phoebe(Phoebe chekian gensis),and Zhejiang camphor(Cinnamomum japonicum) were evaluated along with red-bark oak(Cyclobalanopsis gilva) as a reference,a species which is not endangered.Seedlings were raised in 2.8,3.6,5.1,and 6.3 L containers and fertilizer applied at 1.0,2.0,3.0 and 4.0 kg m-3.Seedling height and leaf biomass increased in response to higher fertilizer levels while larger containers resulted in greater stem and root biomass.Root biomass of endangered species seedlings did not respond to neither treatments.Zhejiang phoebe seedlings responded to nitrogen and phosphorus uptake but red-seed tree seedlings were unaffected by any nutrient levels.Red-bark oak seedlings had high nitrogen-use efficiency.Based on the results,it is recommended using at least 5.1 L containers to culture Zhejiang phoebe and Zhejiang camphor seedlings with fertilizer at 3.0 kg m~(-3).Red-bark oak and red-seed tree seedlings should be cultured with 2.0 kg m~(-3) in smaller containers.     

Coating nursery containers with copper carbonate improves root morphology of five native Australian tree species used in agroforestry systems

Seedlings of the native Australian tree species Acacia holosericea, Casuarina cunninghamiana, Eucalyptus argophloia, E. camaldulensis and Melaleuca bracteata, were raised in nursery containers which were coated with CuCO₃ (50 g l^-1, in a water-based paint solution) or left uncoated for three months. Seedling growth of all species in the nursery was generally less in treated containers, although differences were relatively small. More importantly, CuCO₃ treatment reduced the occurrence of lateral roots growing down or coiling around container walls for both three- and six-month-old seedlings. Twenty-four months after planting both three- and six-month-old seedlings on a semiarid site in subtropical southeast Queensland, there was no effect of CuCO₃ treatment on height or basal diameter development of seedlings. However, sample excavations of root systems showed that the poor root morphology exhibited by untreated seedlings when in the nursery had persisted in the field. As such poor root form has the potential to reduce tree growth and wind firmness in the longer term, these results suggest that chemical root-pruning is a helpful nursery practice when raising seedlings for dryland afforestation, and in circumstances where it may be necessary to retain seedlings in the nursery for longer than normal to take advantage of infrequent rainfall events. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Spatial variation in tree seedling density after the site preparation for planting in a cleared coniferous plantation in Hokkaido,northern Japan

To study spatial variation in natural tree seedling density and the relationship between variation in seedling density and seed dispersal mode at a cleared site, we surveyed natural tree seedlings after the site preparation for planting in a coniferous plantation cleared by a typhoon disturbance in 2004. The site was located near Sikotsuko Lake, Hokkaido, northern Japan. Twenty-five tree seedling species were found and the mean seedling density was 9.8 seedlings/m². Seedlings of non-animal-dispersed species (7.2 seedlings/m²) were approximately five times more abundant than those of animal-dispersed species (1.4 seedlings/m²), and 87% of all seedlings were current. The seedling density of non-animal-dispersed species (almost all wind-dispersed) decreased with distance from a natural forest; however, this trend did not hold for animal-dispersed species (almost all bird-dispersed). The spatial variation in seedling density was lower in animal-dispersed species than in non-animal-dispersed species. Seed dispersal patterns and the viability duration of buried seeds likely affected the variation in seedling density by seed dispersal mode.     

油茶大规格容器苗质量及其造林效果评价

为了筛选出适宜的容器规格、育苗基质及造林苗木规格,从而为油茶育苗和造林质量的提高提供技术依据,采用芽苗砧嫁接容器育苗方法,就不同规格的容器与不同类型的基质对容器苗质量的影响情况进行了试验研究,并对采用大规格容器苗的造林效果进行了调查与评价。试验结果表明:以大规格容器和轻基质培育的苗木其生长状况与根系质量均良好;运用3年生容器大苗造林的成活率平均为96.32%,其树高1.74 m、地径34.45 mm、冠幅1.07 m^2,当年挂果率达96.67%。研究结果表明:油茶大容器轻基质育苗和造林具有生产可行性,但相关技术还有待进一步优化与推广。     

浅述桂花育苗技术

桂花为兼绿化、美化及香化三种功能的优质园林树种,文章浅述了桂花常用育苗技术,并作简要评迷,为挂花育苗工作提供参考.     

5%桉油精可溶液剂防治杨小舟蛾幼虫效果的研究

进行了不同浓度5%桉油精可溶液剂对杨小舟蛾防治效果的田间试验,以及2000倍的烟碱·苦参碱进行田间对比试验,结果表明:5%桉油精可溶液剂1500倍对杨小舟蛾防治效果较好,喷药后5d防效为100%。试验结果为今后5%桉油精可溶液剂防治杨小舟蛾的合理农药配比浓度提供科学依据。     

容器侧柏育苗技术

从种子处理、选地作床、病虫害防治等方面阐述了容器侧柏育苗的技术,为我国西北部山区的侧柏育苗,提供了有益的参考。     

塑膜容器育苗及容器苗造林中的几个技术问题

针对当前容器育苗、造林中产生的技术问题, 以油松、侧柏为主要树种, 从制定塑膜容器苗的苗木标准、进一步提高育苗技术水平、注意容器苗造林的适地适树、适时进行穴内间株等四个方面, 提出了技术建议。