对产后发情并受孕的猫实施子宫摘除术的体会

产后发情是指母畜分娩后在一段时间内出现的再次发情,临床上有关猫的产后发情并受孕的文章少有报道.笔者于2006年6月收治一例产后发情并受孕的猫,因难产对其进行剖腹产及子宫卵巢全切除术,现将诊治过程报道如下.     

ICR小鼠胚胎干细胞建系初步研究

实验旨在探讨消化方式和胚胎发育阶段对ICR小鼠胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)建系效率的影响。ICR小鼠3.5 d囊胚在饲养层上贴壁后采用单一酶消化或机械化与酶消化法相结合分离隆起的细胞集落,进行传代培养;然后选择二者中较优消化方式对不同发育时期囊胚所形成的细胞集落进行处理。结果表明:采用机械化与胰酶消化相结合的方式,形成的类ES细胞超过7代的比率(85.0%)要显著高于单一的胰酶消化(15.0%)(P<0.05);当用二者相结合的方式对ICR小鼠3.5 d(早期囊胚)、4.0 d(扩张囊胚)和4.5 d(孵化囊胚)所形成的细胞集落进行消化传代培养,三者在贴壁率和形成原代细胞集落率上均无显著差别(P>0.05),但传代超过7代的效率上早期囊胚和扩张囊胚均高于孵化囊胚(P<0.05)。结果提示,采用机械化与酶消化法相结合更适合于3.5～4.0 d ICR小鼠囊胚的ES细胞建系。     

ICR小鼠胚胎干细胞的分离与培养

为了研究不同条件对ICR小鼠ES细胞的影响,试验以12.5～13.5 dICR小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEF)为饲养层,以3.5 d ICR小鼠胚胎为试验材料,探讨了血清、生长因子及传代方法对ICR小鼠ES细胞分离培养的影响.结果表明:采用含15%FBS的ES细胞培养液的囊胚贴壁率及ICM增殖率(79.3%,69.0%)均...     

日本脑炎病毒感染 ICR小鼠模型的初步建立

为建立可表现重症日本脑炎病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus, JEV)感染中枢神经系统损害症状及病理表现的小鼠模型,以1日龄ICR乳鼠为试验对象,通过皮下注射及腹腔注射方式感染JEV SA14株,观察记录乳鼠体重、临床表现、存活情况。感染第5天处死所有乳鼠,采集脑、肺、脾、肝等4种组织,荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)结合核酸电泳分析病毒感染情况,通过苏木精-伊红染色及免疫组化检测组织病理变化。结果发现,皮下感染和腹腔感染乳鼠均于注射后第3天出现精神萎靡、嗜睡、运动功能障碍,症状逐渐加重,皮下注射感染模型临床状更明显。病理结果显示,乳鼠脑组织出现神经元坏死、炎症浸润现象,肺组织存在水肿充血、结构破坏。qRT-PCR产物核酸电泳显示,两种模型脑、肺、脾存在JEV复制,皮下注射感染模型肝组织存在病毒复制。本试验成功建立通过皮下注射感染JEV的ICR乳鼠模型,为研究JEV感染途径及发病机制奠定基础。     

ICR小鼠胚胎干细胞的分离与培养

为了研究不同条件对ICR小鼠ES细胞的影响,试验以12.5~13.5 d ICR小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEF)为饲养层,以3.5 d ICR小鼠胚胎为试验材料,探讨了血清、生长因子及传代方法对ICR小鼠ES细胞分离培养的影响。结果表明:采用含15%FBS的ES细胞培养液的囊胚贴壁率及ICM增殖率(79.3%,69.0%)均比含15%KSR、5%FBS+10%KSR的细胞培养液高(42.9%,28.6%;75.0%,54.2%),ES细胞最高传至6代;培养液中添加10 ng/mL LIF+10 ng/mL SCF的效果比单独添加1种因子的效果好,最高传至6代,高于单独添加1种因子的传代数(4代,2代);用3种传代方法进行传代时,采用差异贴壁法传代效果最佳,最高传至8代,酶消化法传至4代,机械加酶消化法传至6代。     

3株不同血清型沙门菌感染ICR小鼠模型的建立

旨在建立3株不同血清型沙门菌的小鼠感染模型,为抗沙门菌疫苗或药物的研发提供动物评价平台.分别用鸡白痢沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌腹腔注射4～6周龄ICR雌鼠,根据不同剂量下小鼠的生存曲线来确定最适感染剂量.小鼠按最适感染剂量攻毒后20 h处死,测定脾脏、肝脏、空肠、回肠和盲肠部位细菌载量,并对脾脏和肠道进行病理学观...     

单核细胞增生性李斯特菌感染ICR小鼠模型的建立

单核细胞增生性李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes,LM)是一种人畜共患食源性致病菌,能引起人和动物较为严重的感染症状。现广泛使用具有免疫活性的小鼠模型测定半数致死量(LD₅₀)来评价不同LM菌株的致病性。为建立LM的ICR小鼠模型,本研究采用1/2a血清型的N21 LM菌株,分别以10⁶、10⁷、10⁸、10⁹和10¹⁰ CFU的剂量口腔灌注感染6周龄ICR小鼠,每组10只;另取10只接种PBS作为对照组,测定LM对ICR小鼠的LD₅₀;另取40只小鼠,平均分为2组,公母各半,以测定的LD₅₀剂量接种LM,分别对各组小鼠临床症状、组织病理变化、体重变化及组织中细菌载量进行评价。结果发现,N21 LM菌株对ICR小鼠的LD₅₀为10^9.25 CFU;感染周期为10 d左右,感染小鼠出现被毛粗糙、精神萎靡、阴茎垂出及体重下降等临床症状。组织病理学分析结果显示,肝脏先后出现实质内灶状细菌团块、形成血栓、细胞坏死等;脾脏主要表现为白髓内淋巴细胞减少;肺脏主要表现为纤维素性肺炎。菌落计数和Real-time PCR的检测结果发现肝脏中细菌载量最高,脾脏次之。结果表明,ICR小鼠能作为单核细胞增生性李斯特菌的感染模型。本试验结果为研究LM的致病机制、疫苗研究及抗菌肽转基因小鼠抗LM的评价奠定了基础。     

猫腹腔镜和开腹卵巢子宫摘除术对动脉血气的影响

通过对比猫腹腔镜卵巢子宫切除术与传统开腹术对血气的影响,为猫腹腔镜卵巢子宫切除术提供理论依据.选取健康母猫12只随机分成两组,分别进行腹腔镜卵巢子宫摘除和开腹卵巢子宫摘除,术前、术中30 min和术后采取股动脉血液2 mL进行血气测定,比较pH、PCO2、PO2值的差异.结果发现,腹腔镜组PCO2在术中30 min时与术前差异显著(P＜0.05),与术后差异极显著(P＜0.01),术后检测PCO2接近正常水平,血氧无明显变化,术前中后无明显差异(P＞0.05),pH值术中略有降低,不造成显著差异;开腹组各项数据均无显著性差异.结论为吸入麻醉条件下,CO2气腹会造成术中的PCO2升高,术后整体可恢复到正常水平,而血氧值一直保持稳定,不会对机体造成不良影响,整体效果较为理想.     

犬的卵巢子宫摘除术

笔者这几年从事宠物诊疗工作,发现好些养殖户对自己饲养的雌性犬,为防止发生难产和其他产科疾病,常要求摘除雌犬的卵巢子宫,以达到绝育效果。现就犬的卵巢子宫摘除术介绍如下。1适应症成年犬在发情期、怀孕期不能进行手术。雌性犬要绝育,5~6月龄是手术适宜时期。卵巢囊肿、子宫蓄脓经一般治疗无效,子宫肿瘤或伴有子宫壁坏死的     

丝裂霉素C对ICR小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞饲养层制备的影响

目的：探索不同浓度的丝裂霉素c（MMC）处理对ICR小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞饲养层制备的影响,用于分离和培养干细胞。方法：取13．5d胎龄ICR鼠胚分离原代成纤维细胞,利用不同浓度MMC处理胚胎成纤维细胞制备饲养层,比较观察MMC对细胞增殖的抑制作用,制作细胞生长曲线;取妊娠3．5d的ICR小鼠胚胎在不同浓度MMC处理的饲养层上培养,观察胚胎贴壁和增殖情况。结果与结论：胎儿成纤维细胞贴壁生长,增殖迅速,6代后细胞逐渐衰老;MMC能有效抑制胎儿成纤维细胞的增殖,最佳处理方法为20μg／ml、2h。妊娠3．5d的ICR小鼠胚胎在10、20μg／mlMMC处理的饲养层上孵出率和贴壁率显著高于5／Lg／mlMMC处理的饲养层,在5、10和20μg／m[MMC处理的饲养层上,内细胞团增殖率无显著差异。因此,ICR小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞最佳处理方法为20μg／mlMMC作用2h。     

Spontaneous ovarian choriocarcinoma in a young ICR mouse

This paper describes the spontaneous ovarian choriocarcinoma observed in a young female Crl:CD1 (ICR) mouse. The mouse was sacrificed at 8 weeks of age after oral administration of a compound for 2 weeks. The left ovary was found to be cystically enlarged with dark red hemorrhaging. The cystic mass contained abundant blood plasma and erythrocytes. At the peripheral regions of the mass, large pleomorphic tumor cells with bizarre shaped nuclei were detected. Tumor cells contained a single large nucleus and abundant eosinophilic to amphophilic cytoplasm. Histopathology of the tumor cells resembled that of trophoblastic giant cells. Therefore, the observed ovarian lesion was diagnosed as a choriocarcinoma. No microscopic lesions were observed in the right ovary or other reproductive organs. Ovarian choriocarcinoma was considered to be of non-gestational origin. This is the first report of ovarian choriocarcinoma in a young ICR mouse.     

Mixed Type of Malignant Mesothelioma in an Aged Male ICR Mouse

Multiple whitish nodules in the thoracic cavity at the site of the thymus were observed in a 101-week-old male ICR mouse. In a histopathological examination, the neoplastic cells were predominantly fusiform in shape and proliferated in sarcomatoid growth patterns. Some neoplastic cells showed epithelial growth patterns, such as the ductal structures. Mitotic figures were frequently seen, and small necrotic foci and invasion to adjacent thoracic organs were noted. In Alcian blue staining, bluish materials were observed between fusiform-shaped cells and in some of the lumens of the ductal structures. In immunohistochemistry, both fusiform-shaped and ductal structure-forming cells were positive for vimentin and weakly positive to positive for cytokeratin. Based on the aforementioned findings, the thoracic nodules were diagnosed as a mixed type of malignant mesothelioma. This case was thought to be rare because of the very low occurrence of spontaneous mesothelioma in mice.     

小鼠未成熟卵母细胞OPS法冷冻保存技术的研究

试验用OPS法对小鼠未成熟卵母细胞进行玻璃化冷冻保存研究,并对解冻后小鼠未成熟卵母细胞的成熟情况进行观察。结果表明:小鼠未成熟卵母细胞在10%EG、10%DMSO前处理后,在EFS30、EFS40、EDFS30和EDFS40中平衡15～45s进行冷冻保存,使卵母细胞解冻后的形态正常率最高达92.4%,与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),成熟率达40.5%。     

小鼠卵母细胞SSV法冷冻保存技术的研究

试验用2种前处理液(10%EG和10%EG 10%DMSO)和4种玻璃化冷冻液(EFS30、EFS40、EDFS30和EDFS40)对小鼠卵母细胞进行玻璃化(SSV)法冷冻保存,研究小鼠卵母细胞冷冻后的发育潜力。结果表明:小鼠未成熟卵母细胞形态正常率最高可达92.3%,成熟率达57.2%;成熟卵母细胞形态正常率最高可达91.5%。     

小鼠睾丸间质细胞的分离纯化与体外培养的研究

为了寻求一种快速、高效的体外分离、纯化小鼠睾丸间质细胞的方法,试验采用两种酶(胶原酶Ⅳ和0.25%胰蛋白酶)消化法和6个梯度(70%、65%、60%、55%、50%、45%)的Percoll液对小鼠睾丸间质细胞进行分离、纯化,对分离的细胞进行细胞学观察、台盼蓝染色、3β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶(3β-HSD)染色,采用物理方法、胶原酶Ⅳ+0.25%胰蛋白酶和柠檬酸钠+KCl对睾丸间质细胞进行消化传代培养。结果表明:胶原酶Ⅳ和0.25%胰蛋白酶限时消化能够获得较高活率(90%)的小鼠睾丸间质细胞;经Percoll细胞分离液分离的细胞纯度高达86%,且在34℃、5%CO2条件下培养的细胞生长良好。     

Early sequential ultrastructural renal alterations induced by 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide in the Swiss ICR mouse.

Thirty-two male Swiss ICR mice were injected intraperitoneally with 300 mg 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide/kg body weight, anesthetized, and perfused with glutaraldehyde-paraformaldehyde solution at 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes after treatment. Eight control mice were injected intraperitoneally with sterile diluent, and one was perfused at each of the same time periods as the treated mice. Proximal tubule epithelial alterations progressed over time from increased secondary lysosome and myeloid body formation to cellular and mitochondrial swelling and eventually cell necrosis. The glomerular, peritubular, and vasa recta capillaries had endothelial cell swelling and desquamation and platelet aggregation. Bromoethylamine nephrotoxicosis in the male Swiss ICR mouse is an ischemic necrosis of the proximal tubules and papilla initiated by endothelial cell damage and makes an excellent model of chemically induced damage to endothelial cells and tubular necrosis.     

β-葡聚糖酶对马岗鹅红细胞免疫功能的影响

应用红细胞C3bRR花环和红细胞ICR花环试验证实，马岗鹅红细胞表面在补体C3b受体（C3bR) ,表明红细胞免疫系统（RCIS）概念也适用于这种动物。同时，通过试验证实β－葡聚糖酶对RBC－C3bR有抑制作用，对体风ICR影响不明显。