控制畜禽生产对生态环境污染的营养策略

随着畜禽业的发展,畜禽养殖场和养殖规模不断增加和扩大,畜禽生产的排泄物以及由畜禽饲料和畜禽产品带来的有毒有害残留物对生态环境和人类健康的影响日益显现。因此,充分认识畜禽生产对生态环境污染的严重性,实施控制、减少和消除畜禽生产对生态环境污染的营养策略,保护生态环境和人类健康,实现畜禽生产的经济效益、社会效益、生态效益最大化,是当今动物营养工作者必须研究的重要课题。     

控制畜禽生产对生态环境污染的营养策略

随着畜禽业的发展,畜禽养殖场和养殖规模不断增加和扩大,畜禽生产的排泄物以及由畜禽饲料和畜禽产品带来的有毒有害残留物对生态环境和人类健康的影响日益显现,因此充分认识畜禽生产对生态环境污染的严重性,实施控制、减少和消除畜禽生产对生态环境污染的营养策略,保护生态环境和人类健康,实现畜禽生产的经济效益、社会效益、生态效益最大化是当今动物营养工作者必须研究的重要课题。1畜禽生产对生态环境的污染1.1粪尿排泄物的污染养殖场畜禽粪尿排泄物是造成对生态环境污染的主要污染源。根据统计,以每只鸡每日排出粪尿100g计算,1个饲养1万…     

生态营养饲料的合理配制

生态营养饲料就是利用生态营养学理论和方法,围绕畜禽产品无公害和减轻畜禽对环境污染等问题,从原料的选购、配方设计、加工饲喂等过程进行严格质量控制,并实施动物营养调控,从而控制可能发生的畜禽产品公害和环境污染,使饲料达到低成本、高效益、低污染的效果。随着养殖业的发展,畜禽养殖场和养殖规模不断增加和扩大,畜禽生产的排泄物以及由畜禽饲料带来的有毒有害残留,对生态环境和人类健康构成了极大的威胁,严重影响了养殖业的发展。为了更好地保护生态环境和人类健康,实现畜禽生产的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益最优化,应用生态营养学…     

我国家畜环境污染问题及其保护对策

在全球性环境污染日趋严重的今天，人类已愈来愈深刻地认识到污染给人们带来的种种危机。而影响着人类环境污染的一切因素也无不影响着家畜的环境，给家畜的生存和生产带来更大的威胁，因为家畜无论是在自然环境还是在人为控制的环境下，其直接或间接受污染的程度都远远地...     

规模化猪场生态饲料的应用及其配制技术

动物在将饲料营养转化为畜产品的过程中，有很多养分未吸收而被排人到环境中去，对土壤、空气、水源造成巨大污染（N、P的污然最严重）。此外，人们为了提高动物生产水平和饲料转化效率，在饲养过程中大量使用了肉骨粉、油脂等动物性饲料及抗生素、高铜、锌制剂等生长促进剂。充分认识猪生产对生态环境污染的严重性，实施控制、减少和消除猪生产对环境污染的营养策略，保护生态环境和人类健康，实现畜禽生产的经济效益、社会效益、生态效益最大化，是当今动物营养工作者研究的重要课题。     

环保型饲料的研究进展

本文围绕解决畜禽产品公害和减轻畜禽粪便对环境的污染等问题，阐述了其解决办法主要是生产出能给人类提供安全、优质的畜禽产品的饲料，即环保型饲料。从而控制可能发生的畜禽产品公害和环境污染，使饲料达到低成本、高效益、低污染的效果。     

规模化畜牧生产对环境的污染及防治措施

随着人类生活水平不断提高,畜牧业迅速发展,在畜禽生产过程中的排泄物、废弃物等已成为重要的污染源之一。笔者论述了畜牧业对环境污染造成的原因、特点及危害,并提出了减少环境污染的生态技术措施。     

规模化畜牧生产对环境的污染及防治措施

随着人类生活水平不断提高,畜牧业迅速发展,在畜禽生产过程中的排泄物、废弃物等已成为重要的污染源之一。笔者论述了畜牧业对环境污染造成的原因、特点及危害,并提出了减少环境污染的生态技术措施。     

加强无公害饲料生产监测管理保障人类食品卫生安全

随着人们生活水平的不断提高,人们对动物及动物制品的需求,已从量的保障转化为质的保障,对动物性食品的安全越来越关注,吃放心肉、喝放心奶成为人们关注的热点话题和迫切需要。动物性食品及饲料的安全,直接影响到人类的身体健康和生命安全。无公害饲料是围绕解决畜产品公害和减轻畜禽粪便对环境污染等问题,从饲料原料的选购、配方设计、加工、饲喂等过程,进行严格的质量控制和实施动物营养系统调控,以改变、控制可能发生的畜产品公害和环境污染,生产出低成本、高效率、低污染的饲料产品。从     

影响动物性食品安全的主要因素及应对措施

随着人们物质生活水平的不断提高,对食品的安全性日益重视,无公害动物产品,绿色有机食品倍受欢迎。动物疫病、环境污染、药物(饲料添加剂)残留是影响动物产品安全的关键因素,近年来,国家高度重视食品安全工作,采取有效措施,防治动物疫病,控制环境污染、药物(饲料添加剂)残留,取得较好效果。但是,影响动物产品安全的因素未得到根本解决。为了人类健康,必须从动物产品生产全过程做好工作,首先确保动物产品无公害,再逐步向绿色有机食品方向发展。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。