Discrete Light Sources Observed by Satellite OSO-B

A comparison is made between the intensities, as measured by satellite OSO-B, of various discrete light sources on the earth (lightning, city lights, flare gas from oil wells).     

山羊乳腺上皮细胞的光镜观察

采用电穿孔转化法,将EGFP(增强型绿色荧光蛋白)基因转化体外培养的山羊乳腺上皮细胞。细胞穿孔转化7d后在荧光显微镜下观察。结果显示,EGFP基因成功地转入体外培养的山羊乳腺上皮细胞,EGFP基因获得表达,6种电穿孔参数的转化效果基本相同。     

Light Flashes Observed by Astronauts on Apollo 11 through Apollo 17

The crew members on the last seven Apollo flights observed light flashes that are tentatively attributed to cosmic ray nuclei (atomic number >/= 6) penetrating the head and eyes of the observers. Analyses of the event rates for all missions has revealed an anomalously low rate for transearth coast observations with respect to translunar coast observations.     

羊乳腺上皮细胞的形态观察

用组织块培养法获得山羊乳腺细胞原代培养物,并根据山羊乳腺成纤维细胞与上皮细胞对胰蛋白酶的敏感性不同将二者分离纯化。对细胞形态进行光镜观察发现:纯化的山羊乳腺上皮细胞传代至第15代时其生长仍正常。山羊乳腺上皮细胞含不同的细胞类型,大多数上皮细胞呈短梭形或多角形,呈蜂窝状;部分细胞呈圆饼状,体积较大;部分细胞呈长形。纯化的乳腺上皮细胞增殖可形成圆顶型结构,呈乳头状,称之为乳球体。     

The Drift of Saturn's North Polar Spot Observed by the Hubble Space Telescope

Polar projections of 50 images of Saturn at 889 nanometers and 25 images at 718 nanometers taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in November 1990, as well as 3 images at each wavelength taken in June 1991, have been examined. Among them, 31 show the north polar spot, which is associated with Saturn's polar hexagon, in locations suitable for measurement. In each image, planetocentric coordinates of the polar spot were determined, and the movement of the spot with respect to Saturn's system III rotation rate was studied. During the period of observation, the polar spot had first a short-term westward movement and then a long-term eastward drift. The rate of the long-term drift was -0.060 +/- 0.008 degrees per day with respect to system III, approximately 50 percent greater than previously determined from Voyager. The original 1980 and 1981 Voyager data were combined with the new Hubble images to form an 11-year base line. The eastward drift over the longer period was -0.0569 degrees per day. The long-term drift could be due to uncertainty in the standard value of the internal rotation period, which is 810.7939 +/- 0.148 degrees per 24-hour day. The short-term movement in November 1990 has a rate that is greater in magnitude but opposite in sign and probably represents a real, transient motion of the spot relative to the internal rotation system.     

犬胃内异物X光射线诊断的研究

在已有病例的基础上通过鉴别对比,分析各种胃内异物X光片的特点,为临床诊断提供依据。利用X光机对犬胃内异物病例进行X光平片的拍摄观察,并对犬胃内大小、形状、密度不同的异物的诊断效果进行了归类、比较和分析。结果显示：X光平片检查能够清晰、直观地显示胃内高密度异物,并且能够对其准确地定位;但对于胃内低密度异物几乎不成像,甚至观察不到胃内异物的存在。但是使用造影剂后,就可以使低密度异物成像;胃内中等密度的异物虽然能够通过X光显示,但其轮廓不十分清晰。结果表明：对于中高密度的胃内异物,X光平片检查效果明显好于低密度的胃内异物,而低密度异物借助造影剂后能够较准确地定位。     

卫星移动通信的信道模型研究

简要介绍了卫星移动通信中常用的3种概率模型,接着提出了1种新的模型思路,并对其进行了建模和仿真。新的模型对估算系统的性能和链路质量分析都有一定的意义。     

黄河源区生态景观的无人机观测与无人机技术升级研究

应用国产神龙260电动直升型无人机和数码摄像机,在DJI飞控技术和高空数字影像采集技术的支持下,对青海省贵南县境内的沙漠地貌、四川省唐克县境内的九曲黄河第一湾和青海省泽库县境内的草场分别进行了超低空航空观测,获得了黄河源区沙丘形态、沙草生态交错带、黄河沙洲、草场钙化壳的初步观测结果,为深入研究和解决黄河源区面临的地貌学和生态学问题开辟了新的技术途径。结合无人机在青藏高原的飞行实践,讨论了神龙260型无人机应用于高原对地观测领域的局限并指出了升级方向,为进一步发展高原地区的无人机对地观测技术奠定了工作基础。     

Subatomic Features on the Silicon (111)-(7x7) Surface Observed by Atomic Force Microscopy

The atomic force microscope images surfaces by sensing the forces between a sharp tip and a sample. If the tip-sample interaction is dominated by short-range forces due to the formation of covalent bonds, the image of an individual atom should reflect the angular symmetry of the interaction. Here, we report on a distinct substructure in the images of individual adatoms on silicon (111)-(7x7), two crescents with a spherical envelope. The crescents are interpreted as images of two atomic orbitals of the front atom of the tip. Key for the observation of these subatomic features is a force-detection scheme with superior noise performance and enhanced sensitivity to short-range forces.     

格氏栲等树种种发芽率的射线检验

本文用软Ｘ射线造影技术对格氏栲等１４个树种种子射线造影，制定Ｘ光片判别等级；与定位发芽进行对照，并进行统计分析，提出各树种种子射线造影测定发芽率技术．     

西双版纳野猪微卫星多态性研究

采用联合国粮农组织(FAO)和国际动物遗传学会(ISAG)联合推荐的27对微卫星DNA引物,对云南西双版纳野猪78个个体的遗传多样性进行了分析和研究,旨在为野猪遗传资源的合理利用及保护提供科学依据.结果表明:(1)78个个体在27个微卫星座位上共检出213个等位基因,各座位上等位基因数的范围在4～13之间,平均每个位点检测到7.89个等位基因,表明在3个野猪群体中多态性较丰富.(2)计算了等位基因频率,并以其为基础获得了野猪群体的平均杂合度、多态信息含量和有效等位基因数,分别为H均值0.81,PIC均值0.79;有效等位基因数共155.77个,有效等位基因数在2.65～10.10之间,平均数为5.77个,等位基因频率在0.0128～0.4808之间,其中位点SW72的102/等位基因频率最高,表明群体内的遗传变异较丰富.(3)计算了Nei氏标准遗传距离,结果表明景洪野猪与勐海野猪遗传距离最近,和勐腊野猪的遗传距离较远,种间内的遗传变异丰富,表明西双版纳野猪群体在核基因水平具有丰富的遗传多样性.     

西双版纳野猪微卫星多态性研究*

 采用联合国粮农组织（FAO）和国际动物遗传学会（ISAG）联合推荐的27对微卫星DNA引物,对云南西双版纳野猪78个个体的遗传多样性进行了分析和研究,旨在为野猪遗传资源的合理利用及保护提供科学依据。结果表明：（1）78个个体在27个微卫星座位上共检出213个等位基因,各座位上等位基因数的范围在4～13之间,平均每个位点检测到789个等位基因,表明在3个野猪群体中多态性较丰富。（2）计算了等位基因频率,并以其为基础获得了野猪群体的平均杂合度、多态信息含量和有效等位基因数,分别为H均值0.81,PIC均值0.79;有效等位基因数共155.77个,有效等位基因数在2.65～10.10之间,平均数为5.77个,等位基因频率在0.0128～0.4808之间,其中位点SW72的102/等位基因频率最高,表明群体内的遗传变异较丰富。（3）计算了Nei氏标准遗传距离,结果表明景洪野猪与勐海野猪遗传距离最近,和勐腊野猪的遗传距离较远,种间内的遗传变异丰富,表明西双版纳野猪群体在核基因水平具有丰富的遗传多样性。     

卫星搭载对紫花苜蓿当代植株生物量的影响

[目的]了解卫星搭载对紫花苜蓿当代植株生物量的影响。[方法]3个品系的苜蓿种子搭载"实践八号"育种卫星进行飞行。返地后,对其植株茎粗、初级分枝数及单株当年生物量等指标进行测定。[结果]卫星搭载后,紫花苜蓿当代植株初级分枝数和单株生物量均显著增加,茎粗无显著变化。以高于(对照平均值+3倍标准差)为标准进行筛选,获得茎粗增加变异株2株,初级分枝增加变异株5株,单株生物量增加变异株12株。[结论]获得的变异株可用于苜蓿品种改良和新品种选育,但其有利变异能否稳定遗传有待于进一步研究。     

卫星搭载对紫花苜蓿当代植株生物量的影响(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of space flight factors on plant biomass in the generation of alfalfa carried by the satellite.[Method]Seeds from three lines of alfalfa were carried by the seed-breeding satellite Shijian-8.After the satellite returned to the ground,stem diameter,primary branch number and current-year individual biomass of alfalfa were studied.[Result]After space flight,primary branch number and current-year individual biomass of alfalfa increased significantly,while the stem diameter had no significant change.Using the value over(the mean value of control + three standard deviation)as a criterion to screen,the variants with enlarged stem diameter,increased primary branch number and individual biomass was two,five and twelve respectively.[Conclusion]The obtained variants can be used in the variety improvement of alfalfa and its new variety breeding,but whether its favorable variation can inherit stably to the progenies needs further study.     

基于行政区划与卫星影像的地区级测土配方施肥系统开发与应用

研究设计了县级采样、地区级建库建模统一服务平台、分县维护分级应用的功能架构,以GIS为纽带将行政区图与卫星影像地图灵活组合展示,支持网上在线更新和离线查询结合,建成了具备数据管理、测土配方、土壤养分专题图等多种功能的地区级测土配方施肥服务系统.结果表明,该系统界面操作简单、交互性好,特别是在地图模式进行测土查询时,通过行政区图和卫星影像图的结合,可以非常快速方便地定位要查询的目标地块土壤养分,指导后续施肥工作,大大推动测土配方施肥工作的开展.     

Surface Displacement of the 17 May 1993 Eureka Valley, California, Earthquake Observed by SAR Interferometry

Satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry shows that the magnitude 6.1 Eureka Valley earthquake of 17 May 1993 produced an elongated subsidence basin oriented north-northwest, parallel to the trend defined by the aftershock distribution, whereas the source mechanism of the earthquake implies a north-northeast-striking normal fault. The +/-3-millimeter accuracy of the radar-observed displacement map over short spatial scales allowed identification of the main surface rupture associated with the event. These observations suggest that the rupture began at depth and propagated diagonally upward and southward on a west-dipping, north-northeast fault plane, reactivating the largest escarpment in the Saline Range.     

Stratospheric Aerosol Effects from Soufriere Volcano as Measured by the SAGE Satellite System

During its April 1979 eruption series, Soufriere Volcano produced two major stratospheric plumes that the SAGE (Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment) satellite system tracked to West Africa and the North Atlantic Ocean. The total mass of these plumes, whose movement and dispersion are in agreement with those deduced from meteorological data and dispersion theory, was less than 0.5 percent of the global stratospheric aerosol burden; no significant temperature or climate perturbation is therefore expected.