减肥即食营养大米

肥胖是一种常见的慢性疾病,它是由于生理化机能的改变而引起的体内脂肪沉积量过多,造成体重增加,导致机体发生一系列病理、生理变化的病症.肥胖症是一种全身性代谢疾病,除引起身体外形的改变外,过多的脂肪可带来物理性的负荷,还是各种疾病的"培养箱".肥胖人群平均寿命明显低于正常体重的人群,同时肥胖症还是心血管疾病、糖尿病、脂肪肝、肿瘤的温床,它是一种营养代谢性疾病.减肥首先必须从能量的摄入入手,减少热能的吸收.     

著名迤东的罗平

在滇、桂、黔三省(区)结合部,有一片美丽而神秘的地方——罗平。去那里旅游不仅可以欣赏气势雄伟的瀑布群落、幽深险峻的峡谷、挺拔秀丽的峰丛、独特的地貌奇观、苍莽的林海、溢彩流金的油菜花海、蜿蜒曲折的河流、玲珑剔透的滩跌、碧绿如玉的湖泊构成的一道道靓丽的自然风景,还能看到丰富的文物古迹、感受古朴浓郁的布依风情、品尝许多美味佳肴,难怪明代大旅行家、地理学家徐霞客游览后写下罗平著名迤东的赞叹。     

拥抱绿色——寄语3·12中国植树节

没有树的山空旷;没有绿的城苍凉。村头的古榆,聆听了几代人的笑语欢歌;田野的绿荫,舒展着劳作者的丰收期望。晨练的人群总是走进郁郁葱葱的公园,惬意的散步常常在林荫道边。湖水边     

爱上“人字拖”

人字拖已成为近两年来最新潮的打扮,名模、红星们也纷纷捧场。色彩斑斓的设计、舒适轻便的质感,让热爱生活的潮男潮女们爱不释脚。五千年前古人已将兽皮、棕榈叶等材料绑在脚掌上,成为人字拖的雏形。到了20世纪,Ferragamo(著名鞋子制造商)更设计了InvisibleSandals,可以说是人字拖的早期代表作品。最具著名的要数日本的木屐和巴西的胶质式人字拖,款式包括休闲的、高贵的,还有平底的、高跟的,各式各样、色彩斑斓、精致典雅。     

那株最美的花

它的命运是清苦的,没有高贵的花盆,缺少滋养生命的水分和养料。不曾有人欣赏,然而,又默默的绽放,给人以芳香。所以,在花的世界里,它是最美的那一株。前年的冬天,伴随着飘零的雪花,妻子破门而入,怀揣一株枯萎的花。这株花,也许它饥渴无比,也许它寒冷     

长寿果——山楂

冬季的北方,常常能在街头巷尾看见卖糖葫芦的人,自行车的手把上绑着一个缠了稻草的木棍,上面插满了一根根红亮诱人的糖葫芦,站在铺满白雪的地上咬一口酸甜香脆的糖葫芦,真的惬意无比。据说远在南宋绍熙年间,宋光宗最宠爱的黄贵妃生了怪     

加勒比风情之家

浓郁神秘的蓝色、热情洋溢的珊瑚粉、浪漫撩人的紫红色、充满生机的浅绿色……极具表现力的色彩组合和异域风格的雅致装饰,不仅让加勒比风格装修的家处处弥漫着浪漫迷人的热带风情,还能让居室充满宁静、悠闲的气息,尤其适合喜欢异域情调、渴望悠闲生活万式的人。然而,对加勒比风格不够了解、设计不当或施     

香樟路上的偶遇

1.F城最热闹的一条街两边都栽满高大的香樟,终年都是枝繁叶茂的样子,散发着淡淡的清香。齐玮老是记不住那条街的名字,后来索性叫它香樟路,听上去很有一些小女儿家的情致。齐玮只是F城的过客,大学毕业的时候她厌恶那种朝九晚五的生活,于是背着一只大到可以装下自己的登山包,挤上了一班特别拥挤的火车,就这样轰隆隆地开     

美味情缘

很喜欢凯瑟琳·泽塔琼斯,所以看了她产后复出的第一部电影《美味情缘》。故事情节有些老套,让人初尝无味,但细细品味就会发现,这绝对是一部色、香、味俱全的电影。它巧妙地将可口的美食与浪漫的爱情结合,使所有美好的一切都化为味蕾和视觉上的极致享受!知名美丽女主厨凯特事业有成,无论在生活中还是在她所管辖的厨房里,一切都依照她的节奏过得平静而规律。然而,这一切都被她的侄女柔伊打破了。柔伊的母亲因车祸去世,凯特因此成为9岁柔伊的监护人,担负起照顾她的重任。然而,失去母亲的柔伊变得内向,不仅不愿和她沟通,也不愿吃她做的东西,     

聚氯乙烯合金生产技术

当前现代化的航天、航空、汽车、机械、电子、民用建筑、化工等行业迫切要求具备很高的力学性能及耐热、耐磨、耐化学性能的材料.因此高分子材料发展的一个重要方向就是通过对现有聚合物进行物理和化学改性,使其进一步高性能化、结构化、工程化.北京化工大学研制的聚氯乙烯合金是通过挤出机的力学、化学作用及接枝、复合技术使聚氯乙烯塑料工程化,成为物理性能可与ABS相比拟的新材料.聚氯乙烯合金具有高流动性、高韧性,完全可以代替ABS注塑计算机、电视机、冰箱、照相机、仪表等外壳.聚氯乙烯合金还具有良好的耐寒性,可制作各种规格的异型材,包括门窗、上水管道等.产品市场前景好,具有很强的竞争力,有很好的经济效益和社会效益.     

Effects of nutrition spatial heterogeneity on root traits and carbon usage by roots of Cercis chinensis seedlings in split root rooms

In natural ecosystems, nutrition available for plants shows great spatial heterogeneity. Much is known about plant root responses to the spatial heterogeneity of nutrition, but little is known about carbon usage in roots in nutrition-deficient patches and its effect on root longevity. In this study, split-room boxes were used for culture of Cercis chinensis seedlings, and the small rooms were supplied with different nutrition levels. The number of the first-order roots in the rooms with nutrition supply was significantly higher than that in the rooms with deficient nutrition. Specific root length (SRL) of the first-order roots in the rooms with deficient nutrition reached its peak at day 64 after nutrition treatment. There was no significant SRL differences between the two order roots during the experiment. Biomass of the first-order roots in the rooms without nutrition supply was significantly less than that of the first-order roots in the rooms with nutrition supply from day 64 to 96. The total biomass of the lateral roots in the rooms without nu-trition supply decreased from day 64 to 96. The activities of the enzymes in roots in the rooms without nutrition supply increased and the activities of alkaline invertases in roots in the two sides of split box did not change significantly. The activities of the enzymes in roots in the rooms without nutrition supply increased gradually. These results suggest that nutrition spatial heterogeneity induced the changes in root traits and plants actively controlled carbon usage in roots in nutrition-deficient patches by regulating the activities of invertases and sucrose synthases, resulting in the reduction in carbon usage in the roots in nutrition-deficient patches.     

全国杉木家系区域试验研究

湖南省林科院先后于 1984年春、 1989年春两次参加全国杉木家系区域试验。方差分析表明 :提供家系的种子园之间以及种子园内家系之间各主要数量因子存在显著差异。对样本观测值进行标准化变换主成分分析 ,求出遗传综合指数 ,再聚类分析评价 :湖南靖州、江西赣南、广西柳州、贵州东南、福建三明、广东曲江种子园提供的家系生长有明显优势。     

香榧细小卷蛾生物学特性及防治研究

香榧细小卷蛾Lepteucosma torreyaeWu et Chen是危害香榧的主要害虫之一,在浙江省绍兴市1 a发生2代,以老熟幼虫在枯枝落叶中做茧越冬,翌年2月中旬化蛹,3月上旬成虫羽化并产卵,3月下旬第1代幼虫孵化,5月中旬化蛹,5月下旬成虫羽化,6月上旬产卵,6月中旬第2代幼虫孵化,11月上旬开始越冬。在第2代幼虫期,使用1.8%阿维菌素乳油、5%抑太保乳油、2%阿维苏云制剂、35%吡虫啉乳油及20%杀灭菊酯乳油等5种药剂10个浓度进行喷雾防治试验,施药9 d后,防治效果均达到100%。     

Transverse swelling behavior of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) revealed by the replica method

Transverse swelling and its anisotropy in hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) in several kinds of organic liquids and in water were investigated by means the replica method. There was more cross-sectional swelling of cell walls and cell wall thickness in earlywood than in latewood. Marked swelling toward cell lumens was observed in wood swollen in liquids that had higher swelling potentials than water. This suggests that the swelling of cell walls in these liquids is much greater than the external swelling. Feret's diameters of the cell lumens were reduced by swelling in all the observed cases except in the tangential direction of earlywood, suggesting that cell walls swell to a much less extent in width than in thickness. Deformation of cell shapes caused by the tensile force from the latewood were observed in the earlywood and in the transitional region from earlywood to latewood. When swollen in water, transverse swelling anisotropy caused only by the swelling in cell wall thickness were calculated to be 1.2 for the whole region over an annual ring and 1.4 for the earlywood. These values could not account for the external swelling anisotropy of 2.1. Considering obvious deformations of cell shapes in the earlywood and in the transitional region, we conclude that the interaction between earlywood and latewood is one of the prime factors contributing to the transverse swelling anisotropy of coniferous wood.Part of this report was presented at the 48th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Nagoya, April 1998     

Weather and human impacts on forest fires: 100 years of fire history in two climatic regions of Switzerland

Understanding the factors driving past fire regimes is crucial in the context of global change as a basis for predicting future changes. In this study, we aimed to identify the impact of climate and human activities on fire occurrence in the most fire-prone regions of Switzerland. We considered forest fires, land use and meteorological data over the period 1904-2008 in the neighboring mountain cantons (states) of Valais and Ticino, which are characterized by distinct climatic regimes.The presence/absence of fire ignitions was analyzed using the Nesterov ignition index (as a proxy for fire weather), road density (for ignition sources), livestock density (for biomass removal), and change in forest area (for fire-prone abandoned agricultural areas).We found that fire weather played a key role in fire occurrence in both regions. Road and livestock densities had similar influences in the two cantons. However, while the increase in forest area was well correlated with fire occurrence in Ticino, no such correlation was evident in Valais, probably because land abandonment and forest cover change have been less extensive there. Our findings emphasize the non-linear nature of the relationships between fire occurrence and anthropogenic drivers, as we found thresholds above which road density was no longer correlated with fire occurrence. This implies that the projected future increase and spatial concentration of the human population may not result in a further increase in fire risk in intermediately to densely populated areas in both cantons.The driving factors behind fire activity differ slightly in the two cantons, in particular with increasing forest area enhancing fire occurrence in Ticino but not in Valais. These differences should be taken into account when assessing future fire risk, especially in Valais where the potential for an increase in the fire-prone area is still high. Fires are likely to become more frequent in a warmer climate, but future fire activity may develop differently in the two cantons. This should be taken into account when planning optimized fire prevention measures. This case study should help to better understand fire activity in highly populated regions where fire activity is still moderate but might markedly increase under a projected more fire-prone climate.     

西藏色季拉山冷杉树冠营养元素的分布特征

2001年10月15日至25日在色季拉山生态系统定位站原始冷杉林,采用标准地调查取样与实验室分析,测定了其优势树种急尖长苞冷杉林冠的养分,结果表明:1年生叶片养分总含量是多年生叶片的1.12倍;叶片在树冠阳面养分总含量高于阴面;林冠的不同高度叶片的养分含量不同;同一枝条不同部位的叶片在养分含量上也有一些差异.枝条与叶片有着相似的养分含量分布规律,这种一致性说明在养分的分配、积累过程中,枝条和叶片对养分的利用是同步的.     

北京八达岭植物群落多样性特征分析

根据34个样地的调查资料,分析了该地区森林植物群落物种多样性的特征:群落内各层物种丰富度指数的大小为草本层>灌木层>乔木层;多样性指数的大小为乔木层<灌木层和草本层。灌木层与草本层的多样性指数随林分郁闭度变化而变化,在林分郁闭度为25%的侧柏黄栌混交林中,灌木层的多样性指数和丰富度指数小于草本层;在郁闭度53%的杂木林中,灌木层和草本层的多样性指数接近;在郁闭度53%以上的各个群落内,草本层的多样性指数和丰富度指数基本上都大于灌木层。人工林中的物种多样性变化多样,明显低于天然林,林分层次单一,更新不良,缺乏灌木层和地被植物,生态系统很不稳定。     

皆伐方式对小兴安岭低质林土壤呼吸的影响

针对小兴安岭低质林分,采用不同的皆伐方式,利用LI-8100碳通量自动监测系统在春、夏、秋、冬4个季节对低质林分土壤呼吸进行观测,运用统计分析的方法,分析皆伐方式对土壤呼吸的影响和不同皆伐方式的土壤呼吸产生差异的原因.结果显示:试验区土壤呼吸夏季最大,冬季最低.春季和秋季因土壤温度和湿度差异不大使土壤呼吸相差较小;对于水平带同一条皆伐带,土壤呼吸并无显著性差异,并且不同的带宽对土壤呼吸的影响也不显著;垂直带随海拔升高土壤呼吸呈现波动性,总体趋势随海拔升高土壤呼吸逐渐降低,但是差距较小;水平带、垂直带和林窗的年土壤呼吸量分别为1.184,1.426,1.179 kgCO2·m-a-1,垂直带最高,水平带次之,林窗最低.影响垂直带土壤呼吸的关键因素是土壤温度,林窗则是土壤湿度,而水平带土壤温度和湿度的条件则介于垂直带和林窗之间.这说明在不同的皆伐方式条件下,影响土壤呼吸的关键因素并不完全相同.     

Photosynthetic Characteristics of Ash and Larch in Mixture and Pure stands

IntroductionDuringthepasttwodecades,studieshaverevealedthatgrowingash(Fnainusmandshurica)andlarch(LarlksPP.)togetherinaproperwaycanincreasetheproduc-tivityQfthestandsI"'}'-'].Theyieldimprovementmechanismsattributetotwoaspects,i.e.,theabovegroundandundergr…     

Cambial Anatomy and Annual Rhythm of Secondary Xylem Development in the Twigs of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) Growing in Different Forests of Gujarat State

Abstract

Seasonal behavior of vascular cambium and development of secondary xylem were studied in the 2-3-years-old branches of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) growing in moist deciduous (MDF), dry deciduous (DDF) and scrub land (SF) forests of Gujarat State. Development of xylem began with the sprouting of new leaves in January in both MDF and DDF. Xylem production culminated in July in MDF whereas it reached peak in April and July in DDF. Cambial cells ceased to divide with the maturation of leaves in November and October in MDF and DDF, respectively. Mature xylem and phloem derivatives surrounded the cambium in December in MDF and November in DDF. Radial growth in the branches of trees growing in SF was found continuous throughout the year with peak cambial activity in April, July and November. In all the three forests, maximal radial growth was encountered in July when the rains were heavy. Cambial activity and xylem development showed significant correlation with the phenology of the trees in MDF and DDF whereas cambium was found active throughout the year and no correlation was found between the cambial activity and phenology in SF.