油剂普鲁卡因青霉素治疗犬角膜炎

近年笔者外用油剂普鲁卡因青霉素注射液治疗犬角膜炎 76例 ,治愈 74例。效果满意 ,报告如下。1　发病情况　 1 996年以来 ,笔者收治的 76例角膜炎病犬中 ,小型观赏犬患病率较高 ,其中狮子犬 48例 ,京巴 1 6例 ;其他犬种发病率低 ,大丹犬 6例 ,牧羊犬 2例 ,土杂犬 2例 ,沙皮犬 1例 ,狼青犬 1例。该病多发生于湿热的夏秋季。2　临床症状　患犬初期呈现羞明流明、眼睑闭锁、结膜潮红、肿胀疼痛 ,单侧患眼或双眼流浆液性或脓性分泌物。后期角膜溃疡、混浊 ,形成角膜斑或角膜翳。3　治疗　用 0 .85 %生理盐水冲洗患部 ,然后用摇匀的油剂普鲁卡因…     

参苓白术散治疗仔犬断乳顽固性腹泻

断乳期间仔犬腹泻是临床中常见病 ,通常会因腹泻导致生长不良甚至死亡。临床上应用抗菌素疗效并不显著。沈阳警犬基地应用参苓白术散预防和治疗仔犬腹泻颇有疗效 ,共治疗沈阳警犬基地患犬1 38例 ,治愈 1 1 1例 ,治愈率达 80 .8%。现报告如下。1　临床症状仔犬表现为食欲低下 ,大便溏泻 ,或吐或泻 ,消瘦乏力 ,腹脘胀满 ,腹泻时间较长 ,全身症状不明显 ,T、P、R基本正常。2　诊断与治疗根据仔犬病史和临床症状以及用药史可诊断为仔犬断乳应激引发的胃肠炎。应用抗菌素及收敛药无效 ,治宜益气健脾、渗湿止泻。采用参苓白术散 (营口中药厂生产…     

犬非典型性细小病毒病的诊治

1　基本情况2003年1月2日,笔者收治1只患病獒犬。主诉:患犬系从青海购得,辗转运至广东,防疫注射情况不明,饲养已有10天。1月1日晚上突然发病,出现水样性腹泻,粪便呈黄色,不食。笔者经检查患犬体温为38.5℃,遂以一般性肠炎予以治疗。3日复诊,患犬依旧腹泻,且出现呕吐,治疗效果不     

鼻渊汤治疗马属动物慢性鼻窦炎12例

笔者用自拟方鼻渊汤治疗马属动物慢性鼻窦炎12例，效果较满意，报道如下。 1临床资料12例病例中，马2例，骡6例，驴4例；病程最长的3年，最短的6个月。6个月～1年的3例、1～2年的6例、2～3年的3例。12头患畜均接受过西医治疗。     

鼻渊汤治疗马属动物慢性鼻窦炎22例

笔者用自拟方鼻渊汤治疗马属动物慢性鼻窦炎22例,效果较满意,现报道如下. 1 临床资料 22匹病例中,马12例,骡6例,驴4例;病程最长的3年,最短的6个月,6个月～1年的7例、1～2年的9例、2～3年的6例.22头患畜均接受过西医治疗.     

犬细小病毒病综合治疗

犬细小病毒病由犬细小病毒引起 ,是一种严重危害犬的高度接触性传染病。该病主要侵害 2～ 6周龄幼犬 ,临床上以肠炎性多见。近几年 ,我市流行的犬细小病毒病死亡率在 15 %～ 5 0 %之间 ,以剧烈呕吐、血性腹泻等为特征。笔者通过对石河子农学院兽医院就诊的 139只患细小病毒病犬的治疗 ,其中 6 8例病犬采用西医疗法 ,治愈 5 2只 ,治愈率为 76 .5 %;71例病犬采用中西医结合疗法 ,治愈 6 3只 ,治愈率为 88.7%。在采用西医疗法中 ,重危病 8例 ,治愈 2例 ,中西医结合疗法中 ,重危病 11例 ,治愈 7例 ,从临床治疗结果看出 ,中西结合疗法能弥补西药…     

浅析柴犬细小病毒的诊疗过程

正犬细小病毒是1978年澳大利亚的Kelly和加拿大的Thomson等同时从患肠炎的病犬粪便中分离获得,是危害犬类的最主要的烈性传染病之一;被感染的犬发病急,死亡率高,常呈暴发性流行,不同年龄、性别、品种的犬均可感染;临床表现为呕吐、腹泻或出血性腹泻;病犬和康复带毒犬是本病的主要传染源。1临床症状2018年5月24日下午2点,辽源一动物医院诊治一只六个月大的柴犬,已免疫并驱虫;食     

犬毛滴虫病的诊治1例

犬毛滴虫病是由五鞭毛滴虫引起的以幼犬粘液性出血性腹泻为特征的一种人畜共患寄生虫。笔者在临床上接诊一例犬的慢性腹泻，经病史调查、临床检查、实验室检查确诊为犬毛滴虫病，应用甲硝唑治疗5天痊愈出院     

犬毛滴虫病的诊治1例

犬毛滴虫病是由五鞭毛滴虫引起的以幼犬粘液性出血性腹泻为特征的一种人畜共患寄生虫。笔者在临床上接诊一例犬的慢性腹泻，经病史调查、临床检查、实验室检查确诊为犬毛滴虫病，应用甲硝唑治疗5天痊愈出院     

浅谈犬慢性腹泻的诊治

在临床实践中,慢性腹泻为犬的常见病,具有发病率高、病程长、反复发作等特点,需尽早诊断,及时治疗。基于此,文章从犬慢性腹泻的症状与病因入手,分析犬慢性腹泻的诊断与治疗方法,提高犬慢性腹泻的治愈率,使病犬尽快痊愈。一、犬慢性腹泻的症状犬慢性腹泻的病程较长,最长可超过2个月,病犬的临床症状为水样便、每日排便数量增多、粪便散发臭味、可在粪便中观察到食物残渣,病犬的腹部更为敏感,触碰时会产生痛感,且病犬的腰背部发热,部分病犬出现脱水、呕吐或出血症状。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …