伊维菌素预混剂预防仔猪寄生虫病的效果观察

伊维菌素是一类具有抗寄生虫活性的大环内酯类抗生素,在养猪业上的推广应用取得了良好的经济效益.目前,我国猪群中寄生虫感染虫种主要是体内线虫及体外节肢动物类寄生虫(传统散养猪群仍有吸虫及绦虫感染),而伊维菌素对畜禽的体内线虫及体外节肢动物类寄生虫有良好的驱杀作用,其抗虫谱基本覆盖了猪群中主要寄生虫感染虫种.为验证北京中农华威科技有限公司生产的伊力佳(伊维菌素)预混剂防治猪寄生虫病的效果,特进行如下试验.     

Emerging parasitic diseases of sheep

There have been changes in the emergence and inability to control of a number of sheep parasitic infections over the last decade. This review focuses on the more globally important sheep parasites, whose reported changes in epidemiology, occurrence or failure to control are becoming increasingly evident. One of the main perceived driving forces is climate change, which can have profound effects on parasite epidemiology, especially for those parasitic diseases where weather has a direct effect on the development of free-living stages. The emergence of anthelmintic-resistant strains of parasitic nematodes and the increasing reliance placed on anthelmintics for their control, can exert profound changes on the epidemiology of those nematodes causing parasitic gastroenteritis. As a consequence, the effectiveness of existing control strategies presents a major threat to sheep production in many areas around the world. The incidence of the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, is inextricably linked to high rainfall and is particularly prevalent in high rainfall years. Over the last few decades, there have also been increasing reports of other fluke associated diseases, such as dicroceliosis and paramphistomosis, in a number of western European countries, possibly introduced through animal movements, and able to establish with changing climates. External parasite infections, such as myiasis, can cause significant economic loss and presents as a major welfare problem. The range of elevated temperatures predicted by current climate change scenarios, result in an elongated blowfly season with earlier spring emergence and a higher cumulative incidence of fly strike. Additionally, legislative decisions leading to enforced changes in pesticide usage and choices have resulted in increased reports and spread of ectoparasitic infections, particularly mite, lice and tick infestations in sheep. Factors, such as dip disposal and associated environmental concerns, and, perhaps more importantly, product availability have led to a move away from more traditional methods of pesticide application, particularly dipping, to the use of injectable endectocides. This has coincided with increased reports of sheep scab and lice infestations in some countries. Reduction in the use of organophosphate dips appears to have to some extent contributed to reported increased populations of ticks and tick activity, a consequence of which is not only of significance to sheep, but also many other hosts, including increased human zoonotic risks.     

Genetic aspects of sheep parasitic diseases

There is evidence of genetically determined host resistance mechanisms for most of the sheep parasites evaluated. The mechanisms vary; from no or reduced establishment, early expulsion, to suppression of parasites resulting in reduced size and fecundity. There is a need to integrate breeding for parasite resistance with the genetic improvement of production traits in farm animals, aiming for optimum solutions for potentially conflicting responses. Sustainable parasite control must be based on Integrated Parasite Management utilising an interdisciplinary approach.     

犬寄生虫病的防治

一、几种犬重要寄生虫病的诊断和治疗 （一）弓形虫病 主要症状是发热、厌食,精神萎靡,虚弱,粘膜苍白,咳嗽,有时伴有剧烈的腹泻。母犬流产或产下畸胎、死胎。     

大熊猫寄生虫病综述

在大熊猫的各类疾病中,虽然以消化系统、呼吸系统疾病最为常见,但这类疾病的诊断、治疗也较容易。相反,在不同饲养单位散发或暴发的各种传染性疾病给大熊猫带来了十分严重的危害,其中寄生虫病占有极其重要的位置。     

寄生虫分子疫苗

随着寄生虫耐药虫株的出现及消费者对畜禽产品药物残留问题的担忧和环境保护意识的增强,研制疫苗防治寄生虫病已成为大势所趋。目前上市的寄生虫疫苗还很少,且多为活苗或致弱苗,属劳动密集型产品,价格较高,而且还有人工发病的潜在危险。分子疫苗的研究是随着遗传学、蛋白质化学及免疫学理论和方法的发展而发展起来的,在人的乙型肝炎等疾病的控制上已起到了很大的作用。在寄生     

犬肠道寄生虫病的防治

2007年7月,某新建犬场犬主带两头62日龄的德牧幼犬及其粪便来我处求诊,主诉近一个星期以来,两头犬食欲不好,腹泻,偶见呕吐,精神越来越差,粪便有血液样物体,当日早上散放时发现其中一头幼犬排的粪便中有疑似虫体的东西.     

Travel medicine of parasitic diseases in the dog

Companion animals are increasingly brought along by their owners to foreign countries. Thus, small animal travel medicine is becoming more important. The field includes both prophylaxis and metaphylaxis against various infectious diseases, as well as their diagnosis and treatment. Dogs returning from Southern Europe, but also from more tropical regions, may be infected with exotic pathogens. In addition, imported pedigree or working dogs, and especially stray dogs imported through welfare organisations, are at high risk.The present overview summarises the clinical and practical aspects of exotic parasitic diseases that may affect such dogs, and the risk of such diseases becoming autochthonously transmitted in Switzerland. Furthermore, the zoonotic potential of these infections will be considered.     

家庭养犬的寄生虫病防治

现今家庭养犬迅速增多，在饲养过程中，对一些传染性疾病一般都能够及时发现，进行治疗。而寄生虫病由于病程长，发病症状不明显，家庭饲养者不容易发现，等到出现临床症状时，犬不仅病重，而且体质也十分虚弱，对以后的治疗十分不利。因此，家庭养犬一定要重视寄生虫病的防治。在这里，依据多年的犬病诊治经验，对家庭养犬的常见寄生虫病防治总结如下，供广大的养犬者和兽医工作者参考。     

Standardized nomenclature of animal parasitic diseases (SNOAPAD)

An expert committee, appointed by the Executive Committee of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.), presents its proposal for uniform and proper terminology to denominate animal parasitic diseases or infections. In principle, the disease name is constructed solely by the suffix -osis, which is added to the stem of the name of the parasite taxon, formed from the nominative of the taxa. Standardized nomenclature of animal parasitic diseases (SNOAPAD) is meant as a guideline for general use, to improve the clarity of scientific communication. It should be especially useful in promoting effective usage of computerized data retrieval services.