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L-肉碱及其在猪营养与生产中的研究与应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
L- 肉碱作为长链脂肪酸进行β- 氧化的载体,在脂肪代谢中起重要作用。L- 肉碱在猪营养与生产中的最新研究及应用进展包括:L- 肉碱的生物学功能;动物体内L- 肉碱的来源及体内合成与体外生产;L- 肉碱的吸收与转运及代谢;L- 肉碱的缺乏;猪生产中应用L- 肉碱的效果及饲粮中的适宜添加量。 相似文献
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在肥育猪饲养中,为了更好地验证棕榈核仁粕和椰子粕应用可行性,现采用对照试验方式,将14%~20%的棕榈核仁粕和椰子粕配合日粮作为肥育猪的主要饲料,以促进肥育猪的快速生长.试验结果表明,棕榈核仁粕和椰子粕代替豆粕对肥育猪进行饲养具有很强的可行性和经济性.与对照组相比,试验组所用的饲料费用降低了10%,由此可见,通过利用棕... 相似文献
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近来,德国的一项研究显示,生长———肥育猪饲料中添加来自甜菜的甜菜碱,对猪肉整个生产过程都有好处。即,饲料厂商可以节省原料成本,养猪生产者能提高肥育性能和屠体评价,猪肉加工业者则能减少猪肉的滴水损失(driploss)。甜菜碱又称三甲基甘氨酸。十年前,它作为预防人类心血管系统疾病的营养食品,备受关注。目前,甜菜碱在养鸡饲料中使用相当普遍。据报道,甜菜碱能缓解炎热和疾病给鸡造成的应激,使肉用仔鸡的发育保持均匀。其更大的好处是,在机体代谢过程中,作为甲基供体能减少对蛋氨酸和胆碱的需要量,从而使饲料成本降低。迄今,越来越多的… 相似文献
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选取健康"杜×长×大"三元杂交肥育猪36头,按饲养试验要求分为3组,每组含3个重复,每重复4头猪,公母各半。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮;试验1组在对照组日粮的基础上,用13%双低菜粕替代11%的豆粕;试验2组在试验1组日粮的基础上添加0.03%复合酶制剂。预试期7天,正试期51天。结果表明,不同处理组间肥育猪采食量、日增重和饲料利用效率均无显著差异;试验1组较对照组有降低肥育猪日增重而提高饲料转化率的趋势,添加复合酶制剂可使肥育猪饲粮干物质和总磷的表观消化率分别提高了3.49%(P〈0.05)和32.53%(P〈0.05)。 相似文献
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<正> 菌体蛋白是指微生物细胞物质,它是食品和饲料中高蛋白质的主要来源。近年来,我们选用№89103曲霉菌(Aspergil-lus tamarii)并以甜菜粕为原料固态转化生产菌体蛋白,进行了物料组成、转化条件和菌种生理生化特性的小试研究。所得产品的粗蛋白含量平均为34%。在小试基础上又进行了试生产,确定了浅盘发酵的培养条件,产品粗蛋白含量稳定,平均为33.65%。产品经黄曲霉素、杂色曲霉素、苯并(a)芘和亚硝胺检查,均符合标准;LD_(50)微核遗传动物试验,均在安全范围之内。 相似文献
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微量元素氨基酸络合物是化学性质稳定,吸收和利用功能特殊的新型微量元素添加剂。近年来的一些研究表明,微量元素氨基酸络合物有利于提高母猪的繁殖性能,促进仔猪和生长肥育猪的生长,增加采食量,在较低水平下能够满足猪的需要,降低微量元素从粪中的排泄量。但在目前的推广应用中尚存在一些亟待解决的问题。 相似文献
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ZANG Chang-jiang XU Xiang-jun LI Hai-ying LIN Meng-yang ZHAO Guo-dong ZHOU Gui-zhen DONG Ya-fei WANG Chuan-kun 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(3):656-661
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of supplemental different levels of sugar beet pulp on the nutrients of digestion and metabolism in Yanqi horse.12 Yanqi horses were randomly divided into three groups according to performance,body weight,body measurement and age.The groups were referred to as the control group,group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,each group with 4 Yanqi horses.Yanqi horses in the control group,group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ were supplied with 0,0.6,1.2 kg/d of sugar beet pulp on the condition of feeding the same basal diet and roughage (oat straw).The total duration of the experiment was 20 days,the first 15 days of the experiment was the preliminary period,and the formal experiment lasted for 5 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,the apparent digestibility of OM,NDF,ADF and digestibility amount of NDF,ADF in group Ⅱ was extremely significantly improved (P<0.01),the digestibility amount of crude protein,calcium and the apparent digestibility of OM in group Ⅱ was significant difference (P<0.05);The digestibility amount of NDF,ADF of group Ⅰ was increased by 8.19% (P<0.05) and 9.43% (P<0.05),respectively,and the apparent digestibility (amount) of OM,crude protein,calcium were no significant difference (P>0.05).Compared with group Ⅰ,the apparent digestibility (amount) of OM,NDF,ADF of group Ⅱ were significantly or extremely significant difference (P<0.05;P<0.01),but the apparent digestibility (amount) of crude protein,calcium were no significant difference (P>0.05).Compared with the control group and group Ⅰ,the digestible engergy of group Ⅱ was increased by 14.92% (P<0.01) and 11.23% (P<0.01),but no significant difference was observed between group Ⅰ and control group (P>0.05);The metabolic engergy of group Ⅱ was increased by 11.73% (P<0.05) and 14.83% (P<0.05),respectively.Therefore,the digestion amount of OM,CP of Yanqi horse and the digestion amount and the apparent digestibility of NDF,ADF could be significantly or extremely significantly improved by the supplementation of 1.2 kg/d of sugar beet pulp,and the ability to use the nutrients were obviously improved for Yanqi horse. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究日粮中添加不同水平甜菜粕对焉耆马营养物质消化代谢的影响。选取运动成绩、体重、年龄和体尺相近的焉耆马12匹,随机分为3组,每组4匹。对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组在饲喂相同的基础日粮和粗饲料(燕麦秸)的条件下分别补饲0、0.6和1.2 kg/d甜菜粕。试验期20 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期5 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组焉耆马对有机物、NDF、ADF的消化量和对日粮NDF、ADF的表观消化率均有极显著提高(P<0.01),对粗蛋白质、钙的消化量和对有机物的表观消化率影响差异显著(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组焉耆马对NDF和ADF的消化量分别增加了8.19%、9.43%,均达到了显著水平(P<0.05),而对有机物、粗蛋白质、钙的消化量和表观消化率均差异不显著(P>0.05);试验Ⅱ组焉耆马对有机物、NDF和ADF的消化量和表观消化率与试验Ⅰ组相比,均达到了显著或极显著水平(P<0.05;P<0.01),但对粗蛋白质和钙的消化量和表观消化率影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验Ⅱ组焉耆马的消化能与对照组和试验Ⅰ组相比分别提高14.92%(P<0.01)和11.23%(P<0.01),而试验Ⅰ组与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);对代谢能而言,试验Ⅱ组比对照组和试验Ⅰ组分别提高11.73%(P>0.05)和14.83%(P<0.05)。因此,日粮中添加1.2 kg/d的甜菜粕,可显著提高焉耆马对日粮有机物和粗蛋白质的消化量,极显著提高NDF和ADF的表观消化量(率)及消化能,可明显改善焉耆马对营养物质的利用率。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究用甜菜粕替代玉米作为能量饲料对中国荷斯坦奶牛生产性能及血液代谢指标的影响。选择60头(泌乳日龄为61 d±21.6 d,产奶量为31.2 kg/d±6.2 kg/d)健康的泌乳前期荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为两棚,每棚3个处理,分别为对照组、20SBP组和40SBP组,每组10头牛。各组日粮除玉米和甜菜粕外,其它成分相同。试验结果表明,各个处理间的干物质采食量、产奶量和能量校正乳都差异不显著(P>0.05)。乳蛋白和乳脂等乳成分的产量和百分含量都不受甜菜粕替代玉米比例的影响(P>0.05),随着甜菜粕饲喂比例的增加,其含量有升高的趋势。血尿氮和葡萄糖浓度显著降低(P<0.01)。各个处理间的非脂化脂肪酸(NEFA)、β-羟丁酸(BHBA)等其他血液生化指标的浓度无显著变化(P>0.05)。因此,在奶牛日粮中用甜菜粕替代玉米作为能量来源,基本不会影响奶牛的生产性能及血液代谢情况,同时降低了奶牛的饲养成本。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究甜菜粕颗粒对泌乳奶牛生产性能、血液生化指标的影响。采用完全随机试验设计,选择体重、泌乳天数(135.96±25.98)d、胎次(1~2次)、产乳量(29.78±5.42)kg和生理状态相近的48头中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为4组,每组12头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别以3.5%、5.5%、7.5%甜菜粕颗粒(干物质基础)替换基础日粮中部分玉米和燕麦草等。试验预试期1周,正试期6周。结果表明:对照组的干物质采食量、产奶量以及乳成分与试验组无显著性差异;与对照组相比,3.5%、5.5%、7.5%甜菜粕组血清中总蛋白含量分别提高了13.75%、13.34%、8.17%(P<0.05);3.5%和5.5%试验组的球蛋白含量分别提高了18.02%、18.35%(P<0.05);5.5%试验组葡萄糖含量降低了17.76%(P<0.05);7.5%试验组每天可盈利1.28元/头。在本试验条件下,添加7.5%甜菜粕颗粒不会对机体的糖分吸收以及代谢造成影响且经济效益最佳。 相似文献
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综述母猪泌乳阶段乳房和单个乳腺的发育特点,以及影响它们发育的因素,对现代母猪的饲养和哺乳仔猪的管理有一定的指导意义. 相似文献
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Utilization of potato peels and sugar beet pulp with and without enzyme supplementation in broiler chicken diets: effects on performance,serum biochemical indices and carcass traits 下载免费PDF全文
H. M. Abdel‐Hafeez E. S. E. Saleh S. S. Tawfeek I. M. I. Youssef A. S. A. Abdel‐Daim 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):56-66
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of including potato peels (PP) and sugar beet pulp (SBP), as unconventional feeds, with and without enzyme in broiler diets from 1 to 42 days of age by observing the growth performance, blood parameters and carcass characteristics. A total of 150, 1‐day old, chicks were randomly assigned into five groups, each with 30 chicks. Birds in group 1 were fed on the control diet. Chicks in groups 2 and 3 were offered diets containing PP and SBP at the rate of 15% and 7.5%, respectively, while those in groups 4 and 5 were fed the same diets but with adding an enzyme mixture. Using the unconventional feeds in the diets was found to decrease the body weight (BW). However, the feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion did not differ from the control in PP at the grower period, but decreased in SBP throughout the experiment. Addition of enzyme greatly improved the BW in PP and SBP to a degree that it surpasses the control and also increased the feed intake and conversion. The total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol serum levels were decreased in all tested groups. Carcass yield was not affected by treatments, but the carcass fat content was reduced using the unconventional feeds with or without enzyme. In conclusion, PP can be used at a rate of 15% in the grower diets of broilers. Furthermore, 15% PP or 7.5% SBP can be included in starter and grower diets, but with the addition of enzymes. This can help in solving the problem of current shortage and rising costs of conventional feeds. 相似文献
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本试验旨在探讨饲粮中不同粗纤维和赖氨酸水平对生长期豫南黑猪生长性能、血清生化指标及营养物质表观消化率的影响.试验选取162头体重为30 kg左右的豫南黑猪,采用3(CF:4%、5.5%、7%)×3(lys:0.75%、0.85%、0.95%)两因子交叉完全随机设计,共设9个处理,每个处理3个重复,每重复6头猪.通过测定其生长性能、血清生化指标及营养物质表观消化率,确定生长期豫南黑猪的最佳粗纤维和赖氨酸水平.结果表明:不同粗纤维和赖氨酸水平对生长期豫南黑猪平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)和料重比(F/G)均无显著影响(P>0.05);粗纤维和赖氨酸水平分别为7%、0.75%时,料重比最低(P<0.05);粗纤维和赖氨酸水平分别为5.5%、0.85%时血清中游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FREET3)水平最高(P<0.05).饲粮中添加粗纤维使营养物质表观消化率下降,但通过适量比例的粗纤维和赖氨酸的合理添加,对饲粮中能量、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、Ca和P的表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05).上述结果提示,30~60 kg生长期豫南黑猪的饲粮适宜粗纤维水平和赖氨酸水平分别为7%和0.75%. 相似文献
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苏太猪SLA-DQA基因SNP检测及其对部分经济性状的遗传效应分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
实验对苏太猪SLA-DQA基因的第4外显子进行多态性分析,并初步探讨DQA基因作为影响苏太猪经济性状候选基因的可能性。PCR-SSCP分析共检测到CC、CD和DD 3种基因型;在第4外显子检测到G5233A突变,导致了氨基酸Thr到Ala的改变。结果表明:苏太猪3种基因型个体的初生重、35日龄断奶体重、4月龄体重、6月龄体重以及60 kg体尺和背膘厚等生长发育指标差异不显著(P0.05);DD基因型第3胎次总产仔数、产活仔数、初生窝重均高于CC和CD基因型的个体,尤其是断奶仔猪数和断奶窝重显著高于CC和CD基因型的个体(P0.05),但CC和CD基因型个体间繁殖性能差异不显著(P0.05)。 相似文献