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1.
[目的]通过研究土壤中硝酸钇对水稻生物量和生物酶活的影响,探索富钇稀土矿区植物疯长但不结果的原因。[方法]将不同浓度的硝酸钇溶液喷洒于土样之上,充分混合土样后置于培养皿,培养稻种以便后续检测。[结果 ]当土壤Y含量在25~100 mg/kg范围内,生物量(总重量,根重,茎重、叶重)、生长绿素(CHL)含量与水稻的蛋白质含量显著增长;土壤Y含量在200~800 mg/kg范围内,芽和水稻根中的抗氧化系统如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)受到抑制,均呈现下降趋势。丙二醛(MDA)的含量增加,当土壤Y含量在25-100mg/kg、100~800 mg/kg范围内,芽和水稻根中的丙二醛(MDA)浓度下降。这表明,低浓度的Y可促进植物生长,相对较高的浓度抑制生长。[结论]从矿区采矿区、农田和脐橙园采集的土壤中Y的含量分别为641±49,328±16和473±40 mg/kg,研究区的Y含量均高于效益水平100 mg/kg,这可能是导致植物疯狂生长但不结果的原因。因此,矿区的谨慎管理是必要的。  相似文献   

2.
研究《老子》的多数学者将"却走马以粪"与农事相关联。其实,"却走马以粪"当解为"让奔驰的马停下来排泄粪便",和农事无关。老子通过"却走马以粪"表达一个思想:在役使马的时候,要照顾马的生理习性。  相似文献   

3.
Calluses of two autotetraploid rice (DPR (4) and Zijing (4)) were implanted with 30 KeV N+beams at doses ranging from 1.0×1015 to 9.0×1015 ions cm-2. The differentiation rates of calluses, the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), and the change of esterase (EST) spectrum were measured and analyzed on the calluses stage. The results showed that differentiation rates of calluses under 3.0×1015 ions cm-2 ((46.12±2.01)%) were higher than the other treatment groups in DPR (4), and those of Zijing (4) were similar under the doses of 1.0×1015, 3.0×1015 and 5.0×1015 ions cm-2 ((40.55±2.74), (37.77±3.04) and (34.56±2.65)%) and were higher than that of 7.0×1015 and 9.0×1015 ions cm-2. When the doses were 3.0×1015 and 5.0×1015 ions cm-2, the activities of SOD, POD and CAT were notably enhanced, and the accumulation of MDA content was markedly alleviated in the implanted calluses of two materials, as well as the activity of EST was increased by the additional isforms DPR (4). Whereas the anti-oxidative systems and enzymes spectrum of EST were destroyed seriously, the accumulation of MDA was signiifcantly aggravated, also the differentiation rate of calluses reduced sharply and almost closed to zero when the implantation doses were 7.0×1015 and 9.0×1015 ions cm-2. It suggested that the proper dose of ion implantation effectively maintained the normal membrane structure and metabolism, and it would be also a feasible approach for autotetraploid rice to improve its genetic characteristics at calluses stage. Additionally, the differences of the radiation resistance between DPR (4) and Zijing (4) could be related to the different genotypes.  相似文献   

4.
为对天津现有饲用玉米自交系现状进行评估和指导亲本组配,按Griffing双列杂交方法Ⅳ对5个改良饲用玉米自交系进行杂交试验,将获得的10个杂交组合在天津静海县进行鉴定,对自交系的株高、茎粗、穗位高、单株粒重、叶面积、穗鲜重、单株鲜重、小区生物产量进行了配合力分析。结果表明,除穗位高、单株粒重的特殊配合力外,组合间各性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力差异显著;综31-1、1437-1和OSL019-1的单株鲜重、穗鲜重、单株粒重的一般配合力较高,为较好的改良自交系,其利用潜力也最高。试验筛选出了3个优良组合:综31-1×丹340-2、1437-1×OSL019-1、2018-1×1437-1。  相似文献   

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6.
[目的]研究星斑川鲽(Platichthys stellatus)自交F1代与星斑川鲽(Platichthys stellatus)♀×圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegates)♂杂交F1代各组织免疫相关酶的活性。[方法]比较星斑川鲽F1与杂交F1代肌肉、肝脏、脾脏和肠中3种重要的非特异免疫相关酶:酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性差异。[结果]杂交后代肌肉、脾脏、肠中ACP,AKP的活力都高于自交后代,肝脏中ACP,AKP的活性与自交后代无显著差异,SOD活性除肌肉组织中稍增加外,其他组织显著下降。[结论]该研究结果为星斑川鲽的杂交选育提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

7.
Different strategies of deficit irrigation based on water stress dynamics were applied in an 11-year old citrus trees (Citrus sinensis L. Osb. cv. Navelina) grafted on carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis L. Osb.×Poncirus Trifoliata L. Osb.). The trees were subjected to two irrigation treatments: (1) sustainable deficit irrigation (SDI) established with water supplied at 60% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and (2) low frequency deficit irrigation (LFDI) irrigated according to the plant water status. In addition, a treatment irrigated at 100% of ETc was included as a control (C). Midday stem-water potential (ψUstem), stomatal conductance (gs), and micrometric trunk diameter fluctuations were measured during the maximum evapotranspirative demand period to evaluate the plant-water status, and establish the main relationships among them. The seasonal pattern of the studied variables had a behavior consistent with the contributions made by the volumes of applied irrigation water. Especially significant close relationships of ψstem with gs, and with the maximum daily shrinkage (MDS) were found. The lowest ψstem and gs values were registered in the treatments with lowest irrigations levels (SDI and LFDI), being the MDS was significative higher than in the C treatment. The LFDI showed an oscillating behavior in these parameters, which was on line with the supplied irrigation restrictions cycles. Thus, according to the results of the present experiment the physiological stress indexes based in MDS or ψstem allow establishing different irrigation restriction cycles, encouraging important water saving without significant impact on yield and the fruit quality parameters.  相似文献   

8.
中国农业生产的资源与环境约束日益严峻,继续靠增加自然资源和要素投入来提高农业产出的余地已越来越小,农业全要素生产率(TFP)对于中国农业可持续发展更具有研究意义.作者搜集整理了1989-2009年国内外学者关于中国农业全要素生产率实证研究的文章,着重对中国农业全要素生产率的测算方法、增长演变特征及其影响因素进行了综述.农业全要素生产率的研究方法主要有4种:生产函数法、增长核算指数法、基于数据包络分析的曼奎斯特(Malmquist)生产率指数法和随机前沿法.中国农业全要素生产率增长演变特征表现为:技术进步是主要源泉,省际间农业全要素生产率增长差异逐渐扩大.影响农业全要素生产率增长的因素主要有农村制度变迁等.最后针对农业全要素生产率研究存在的问题,提出评估各种因素对省际间农业全要素生产率差异的影响,将是未来的研究方向.  相似文献   

9.
采取静式吸入染毒法,用烹调油烟对小鼠进行亚急性连续染毒,并通过测试小鼠肝、肺组织匀浆中的SOD活性及MDA含量和小鼠血液中血清SOD活性及MDA的含量,探讨烹调油烟对小鼠肝、肺组织的损伤作用。结果表明,烹调油烟可使(1)肝、肺组织SOD活性下降,MDA含量增高;(2)血液中SOD活性下降,MDA含量增高;(3)染毒实验组小鼠平均体质量比阴性对照组小鼠体质量要轻。  相似文献   

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11.
溴氰虫酰胺防治3种鳞翅目害虫的田间药效试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
进行100 g/L溴氰虫酰胺OF防治十字花科蔬菜主要鳞翅目害虫(小菜蛾、菜青虫和斜纹夜蛾)的田间药效试验,结果表明:100 g/L溴氰虫酰胺OF以每667 m2 1.0 ~ 1.4 g剂量喷雾施药,能有效控制十字花科蔬菜主要鳞翅目害虫的为害,可以在生产上推广应用.  相似文献   

12.
针对当前企业人力资源管理业务流程复杂度高、灵活性强的现状,设计并实现了基于WEB的企业人力资源管理系统。系统采用基于J2EE技术的SSH框架来完成用户界面表示、应用业务逻辑和数据访问逻辑的分离,实现了人力资源管理系统的机构与职位规划,人力资源的吸纳、管理与发展,人力资源的价值分配和综合管理等四大管理体系。  相似文献   

13.
叶绿素是作物进行光合作用所需的主要色素,BP神经网络(BPNN)是较为新颖的反演叶绿素含量的方法。为研究反演精度更高的叶绿素含量反演模型,将经验模态分解(EMD)与光谱微分(SD)结合来提高输入因子与叶绿素含量的相关性,并使用遗传算法(GA)优化BPNN得到GA BP模型以获得最优初始权值阈值。将光谱数据EMD后进行一阶微分变换得到EMD SD光谱,选择与叶绿素含量相关系数超过06的5个波段处的EMD SD值作为GA BP模型的输入因子,隐含层节点数为7,多次训练取最优个体适应度值最低的GA BP模型来反演玉米叶片叶绿素含量。GA BP模型反演得到的预测值与实测值之间的判定系数(R2)最高,达到0818,均方根误差(RMSE)仅为2442,平均相对误差(e)为5436%。研究表明,EMD SD光谱作为GA BP模型的输入因子,与线性模型MLR和未优化的BP模型相比反演精度最高,验证了基于EMD SD光谱的GA BP模型提高玉米叶片叶绿素含量反演精度的可行性。  相似文献   

14.
建立了基于量子点标记技术的赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin A,OTA)双抗夹心荧光免疫检测(sandwich fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay,sFLISA)体系,包含多克隆包被抗体、生物素标记的多克隆检测抗体、量子点标记的链霉亲和素等,获得了sFLISA的最佳操作参数:包被抗体浓度2.5μg/mL,检测抗体稀释500倍,量子点标记链霉亲和素稀释100倍。该方法在OTA浓度3.125~125μg/L之间时,相对荧光强度和OTA浓度呈线性关系,回归方程为y=0.0206x+0.2018,R2=0.9924;加标回收率在90.1%~110.0%之间,变异系数均小于10%,能较好地进行赭曲霉毒素A的定量检测。  相似文献   

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16.
红笛鲷血清性类固醇激素周年变化的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
应用放射免疫分析法测定红笛鲷雌、雄鱼血清性类固醇激素雌二醇、睾酮和孕酮的周年变化水平。结果表明,雌、雄鱼血清雌二醇、孕酮的变化趋势相似,3~10月雌二醇水平较低,11月以后不断升高,至次年2月雌鱼达到1257.46±447.20pg/mL,雄鱼达到1179.14±322.50pg/mL;4、5月孕酮水平较高,雌鱼在5月达到高峰118.49+18.45ng/mL,雄鱼4月达到高峰109.98±60.97ng/mL,之后一直在比较低水平波动;雄鱼睾酮水平有一定规律性,3~9月一直处于比较高水平,8月达到高峰0.27±0.24ng/mL,而雌鱼睾酮水平周年变化没有规律性,最高水平在6月,达到0.28±0.13ng/mL。  相似文献   

17.
于辉  李志佳  易祥瑞  邹冬生 《安徽农业科学》2013,(32):12589-12591,12663
[目的]为矿区污染土壤的合理利用提供一条有效的途径。[方法]通过盆栽试验,研究20个龙须草居群对重金属Cd、Pb的积累特征。[结果]在cd10mg/kg、Pb1000mg/kg的复合污染下,20个居群在长势和重金属含量间均有显著差异。1/3居群长势良好,而另有1/3居群枯黄严重。居群间2种重金属含量在0.01水平具有显著意义,同一居群根茎叶含量也存在O.05水平显著差异,根的含量大于地上部分。根茎叶中同一重金属元素含量没有显著相关性,而两元素之间存在正相关。[结论]综合比较长势情况和重金属含量,可以筛选出湖北丹江居群、贵州兴义居群和云南金平居群3种典型耐性居群进行下一步的应用研究。  相似文献   

18.
Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) disease is one of the most destructive viral diseases in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). SMV strain SC3 is the major prevalent strain in huang-huai and Yangtze valleys, China. The soybean cultivar Qihuang 1 is of a rich resistance spectrum and has a wide range of application in breeding programs in China. In this study, F1, F2 and F2:3 from Qihuang 1×nannong 1138-2 were used to study inheritance and linkage mapping of the SC3 resistance gene in Qihuang 1. The secondary F2 population and near isogenic lines (nILs) derived from residual heterozygous lines (RhLs) of Qihuang 1×nannong 1138-2 were separatively used in the ifne mapping and candidate gene analysis of the resistance gene. Results indicated that a single dominant gene (designated RSC3Q) controls resistance, which was located on chromosome 13. Two genomic-simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers BARCSOYSSR_13_1114 and BARCSOYSSR_13_1136 were found lfanking the two sides of the RSC3Q. The interval between the two markers was 651 kb. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of the candidate genes showed that ifve genes (Glyma13g25730, 25750, 25950, 25970 and 26000) were likely involved in soybean SMV resistance. These results would have utility in cloning of RSC3Q resistance candidate gene and marker-assisted selection (MaS) in resistance breeding to SMV.  相似文献   

19.
将体质量为(11.35±1.52)g克氏原螯虾Procambarus clarkii暴露于不同亚致死浓度的Cu(Ⅱ)(0.055、0.28、1.38、6.88、34.38 mg/L)和Cd(Ⅱ)(0.0048、0.024、0.12、0.60、3.00 mg/L)溶液中96 h,测定其肌肉中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)及肝胰腺中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)的活性。结果表明:低浓度的Cu(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)能诱导克氏原螯虾代谢酶的活性,肌肉和肝胰腺中代谢酶的活性均随Cu(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)浓度的升高呈先升后降的趋势;Cd(Ⅱ)浓度为0.12 mg/L时,肝胰腺中ACP、AKP、GPT、GOT活性均达到最大值,分别较对照组提高了58.83%、86.17%、85.66%、70.98%(P〈0.05);Cu(Ⅱ)浓度为0.28 mg/L时,肝胰腺中ACP和AKP活性达最大值,分别较对照组提高了112.53%和94.98%(P〈0.05),Cu(Ⅱ)浓度为1.38mg/L时,肌肉中ACP和AKP活性最高,分别较对照组提高了242.35%和171.97%(P〈0.05)。  相似文献   

20.
为了探讨浙江省低山丘陵区生态保健园树种秋季水分利用特性,采用Li-6400光合作用测定系统和压力室以及压力-容积(P-V)技术,测定了木荷Schima Superba,苦槠Castanopsis sclerophylla,石栎Lithocarpus glabra,东南石栎L.harlandii,红叶石楠Photinia serrulata,红花檵木Lorpetalum chindense var.rubrum,竹柏Podocarpus nagi和杜英Elaeocarpus sylvestris等8个树种的光合速率、蒸腾速率以及水分特征参数(包括质壁分离时渗透势πp,饱和渗透势π0,束自比Vp/V0,相对含水量CRW和细胞弹性模量ξ).结果表明:水分利用效率峰值最高的树种为木荷(28.52mmol· mol-1),最低的是苦槠(12.92 mmol·mol-1).日水分利用效率最高的是石栎(10.44 mmol· mo1-1),最低的为苦槠(4.03 mmol·mol-1).通过5项水分参数的综合比较,吸水能力较强的树种有木荷、东南石栎、红花檵木、苦槠,吸水能力表现较弱的是石栎、杜英、红叶石楠、竹柏;忍耐脱水能力排序为木荷>红花檵木>东南石栎>苦槠>石栎>杜英>红叶石楠>竹柏.树种的各个生理参数之间的相关分析表明,Vp/V0与πp,π0,ξ之间有显著相关关系,其余的参数之间无显著相关.  相似文献   

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