木豆新品种‘CAF11’

‘CAF11’是运用单株选择和集团选择育种手段,从云南墨江县地方栽培品种中选育出的木豆新品种。生育期260～266天,平均株高(238.1±28.0)cm,地径(3.90±0.75)cm,单株荚数(1145.0±251.8)个,每荚粒数(4.9±0.3)粒,种子百粒质量(8.76±0.49)g,单株粒质量(230.59±73.38)g。     

木豆新品种‘CAF9’

‘CAF9’是运用单株选择和集团选择育种手段,从云南元江县地方栽培品种中选育出的木豆新品种。生育期263～270天,平均株高(267.2±35.2)cm,地径(3.97±0.53)cm,单株荚数(600.3±207.6)个,每荚粒数(4.9±0.3)粒,种子百粒质量(7.86±0.43)g,单株粒质量(132.45±49.50)g。     

木豆新品种‘CAF10’

‘CAF10’是运用单株选择和集团选择育种手段,从云南元谋县地方栽培品种中选育出的木豆新品种。生育期259～264天,平均株高(264.5±32.9)cm,地径(3.86±0.65)cm,单株荚数(948.3±231.0)个,每荚粒数(4.9±0.4)粒,种子百粒质量(8.76±0.49)g,单株粒质量(203.09±70.23)g。     

木豆良种'ICP12746'

‘ICP12746’为印度国际半干旱热带作物研究所(ICRISAT)选育的纯系品种,于1998年引进中国.生育期231 ～242天,2年生植株平均株高(206.3±21.1)cm,地径(2.48±0.37)cm,一级分枝数(21.3±2.4)枝,单株荚数(416.8±59.6)个,种子百粒质量(24.91±0.45)g,单株粒质量(270.76±43.80)g;与对照品种比较,具有产量高、豆荚及豆粒大、鲜籽粒口感好且种皮薄等优点.     

木豆良种‘ICP7035'

‘ICP7035’为印度国际半干旱热带作物研究所(ICRISAT)选育的纯系品种,于1998年引进中国.生育期223 ～236天,2年生植株平均株高(247.1±23.9) cm,地径(2.67-0.35)cm,一级分枝数(22.0±2.5)枝,单株荚数(382.5±65.5)个,种子百粒质量(21.72±0.39)g,单株粒质量(273.23±51.58)g;与对照品种比较,具产量高、豆荚及豆粒大、鲜籽粒口感好等优点.     

云南地方栽培木豆群体数量性状变异分析

对云南省8个地方栽培木豆群体进行调查,对木豆株高、地径、冠幅、单株荚数、虫荚率、单株粒质量及百粒质量等数量性状变异进行分析,结果表明7个性状不论是群体间还是群体内个体间均存在丰富变异。性状相关性分析表明,单株粒质量与单株荚数呈高度正相关,与株高、地径呈弱正相关。单株荚数、虫荚百分率、百粒质量对产量构成贡献最大,通径系数分别为0．8551、-0．2374、0．1799。若将三个性状相结合,选择单株荚数多、粒大、虫荚少的单株,则后代产量可望有明显增加,有可能育成高产高抗虫性品种。     

金黄熊猫果实及种子特征的初步研究

为了解金黄熊猫(Xanthostemon chrysanthus F.Muell.exBenth)在广州市生长结实表现及其果实与种子特征,本文以广州市天河区龙洞种植的6年生金黄熊猫植株为材料,选取10个单株对金黄熊猫植株生长结实表现、果实及种子特征进行了测定和统计。结果表明:金黄熊猫单株间生长表现差异较大,植株病虫害轻,结实量差异大,果实成熟度不一致,10个单株树高、冠幅、胸径、枝下高、果质量、果序数量范围分别为4~5.3m,2.99~14m2,5.7~9.2cm,0.9~2.1m,3.4~9.7kg,117~404个;同一个单株及单株间果序大小差异极大,单果序质量、单果序分枝数以及单果序蒴果数范围分别为17.99~166.87g,5~59个,16~161个;500个单果横径、纵径、质量、种子粒数、种子质量变异系数均在10%以上,范围分别为8.18~15.02mm,6.66~14.58 mm,0.51~2.93g,46~127粒,0.06~0.5g,单果萼片3~8裂,子房室数3~4(稀5)室;种子棕褐色,类三角形、肾形,千粒质量3.34±0.07g,种子长、宽变异系数在13%以上。     

氨基酸复合微肥对大豆增产效果的研究

大豆喷施氨基酸复合微肥可显著促进其生长发育，株高增长，株荚数增加34．5％，三粒四粒荚较对照增多51．7％，单株粒重增加32．8％，提高大豆产量因子构成水平。氨基酸复合微肥对大豆喷施的最佳浓度为350倍液。     

不同栽培密度对多穗柯幼林生长的影响

为了了解栽培密度对多穗柯生长特性的影响情况,以确定其适宜的种植密度,设置6种不同的种植密度进行了人工栽培试验。结果表明:种植1年后,各密度试验林植株各生长指标值都有一定的差异,其地径、冠幅、新梢数、单株鲜叶产量、比叶重间的差异均达显著或极显著水平,而其株高、分枝数、叶面积及叶片SPAD值之间的差异均不显著;密度为100 cm×100 cm的试验林其综合生长指标最好,植株平均径粗达13.42 mm,新梢数平均为51.07条,冠幅平均为64.89 cm×63.67 cm,单株鲜叶产量均值为200 g,比叶重均值达(109.18±0.19)g/m2。     

203黄豆王

203黄豆王,为分枝稀植型超高产新品种。据年种植,其表现为:株高1.8左右(参看照片),主茎20至24节,单株分枝10至16个。豆秧高大繁茂。它根系发达,茎枝粗大,抗倒伏力强。主茎还是分枝,都结荚极密。三粒荚占60％,四粒荚占30％,其余为二粒荚。不裂荚,不落粒,抗逆性强。生长期为:春播130     

Okra production with pine straw mulch

Conventional planted okra in Booneville, Arkansas and Lorman, Mississippi were mulched with loblolly pine straw (Pinus taeda L.) and longleaf pine straw (P. palustris Mill.), respectively, at a rate of 11 t/ha or left bare. At Booneville, plant stand, season yields (18.6 t/ha), pod weight (16.3 g), plant dry weight (2.3 kg), or stem diameter (3.5 cm) were not affected by the loblolly pine mulch. However, mulch application increased pod number (1.22 vs. 1.06×10⁶/ha) and plant height (1.5 vs. 1.6 m), while reducing weed competition (0.05 vs. 0.40 t/ha) and visible plant stress, during periods of soil moisture deficits. Soil temperatures at 5 and 15 cm depth were reduced by mulch until mid-August when plant canopies covered the rows. Seasonal moisture at 30 and 45 cm depths was similar between mulched and bare soils, based upon unreplicated neutron probe measurements. At Lorman, season okra yield (29.8 vs. 24.6 t/ha), number of pods per ha (1.24 vs. 1.07×10⁶) and weed competition were reduced and soil pH lowered 0.56 units by longleaf pine straw mulch. Mulch reduced early season yield at both locations.     

怀槐种实性状的观测与初步研究

以不同年份、不同植株(产地)的怀槐果实与种子为材料研究种实性状差异,结果表明:同一年份各样品间果实长度、宽度分别变动于4.9~5.9 cm和0.9~1.1 cm之间;株间(产地、年份)种子长度、宽度分别变动于6.8~8.2 mm和3.4~4.2 mm之间;千粒重平均值为62.92 g,变动于54.12~68.95 g之间,差异极显著(F0.01=454.167**)。发芽率和发芽势分别变动于80.7%~93.1%和41.7%~59.5%之间。怀槐种实性状普遍存在着多样性。     

Variability and divergence in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pongamia pinnata</Emphasis> for further use in tree improvement

A total of 24 candidate plus trees (CPTs) of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre. were selected to elucidate their variation and diversity based on thirteen quantitative traits (4 pod traits, 6 seed traits of parent trees and 3 progeny traits) at Forest Research Centre, Institute of Forest Productivity — Mandar, Ranchi district during 2005–2007. The results show that, CPT-19 had maximum for seven traits viz, pod length (65.6 mm), 100-pod weight (542.4 g), seed 2D (two dimension) area (351.2 mm²), seed length (27.9 mm), seed breadth (17.4 mm), 100-seed weight (217.9 g) and plant height (164.3 cm). The traits, 100-pod weight and 100-seed weight had a high heritability (98.4%, 96.9%) accompanied with high genetic advance (46.0%, 34.9%). There is a positive significant correlation between 100-pod weight and 100-seed weight traits at both genotypic and phenotypic levels with plant height, collar diameter and volume index at 30 MAS (months after sowing). Volume index expressed a moderate heritability (47.4%) accompanied with high genetic advance (48.4%), indicating that the character is governed by additive gene effects. In divergence study, 24 accessions were grouped into 6 clusters on the basis of non-hierarchical euclidian cluster analysis. The genotypes in cluster IV (CPT-5, CPT-6, CPT-7, CPT-12, CPT-16, CPT-18, CPT-22) and cluster III (CPT-4, CPT-8, CPT-9, CPT-20, CPT-21) were most heterogeneous and can be best used within group hybridization. The wide diversity exists between the cluster V and II, followed by cluster II and I and crosses between CPTs of these clusters may result in substantial segregates. It is revealed that the existence of substantial variation and diversity can be utilized for genetic resource conservation and further tree improvement programmers of the species.     

Variability in the pod and seed parameters and nuclear DNA content of Tunisian populations of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ceratonia siliqua</Emphasis> L.

The carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is widely used in arid and semi-arid areas of Mediterranean countries for industrial, agricultural and ornamental purposes. We wished to determine the variability of its morphological parameters in relation to its exploitation for commercial purposes. Thirteen cultivated and 15 spontaneous populations of C. siliqua from various edapho-climatic zones of Tunisia were compared to determine the variation in pod and seed parameters, for trees growing in situ, and in 2C nuclear DNA content (determined by flow cytometry), for seedlings grown from seeds collected in situ. Analysis of variance showed significant differences (P < 0.0001) between sites for fresh weight, length, width, internal and external thickness of pods, the pod length/width ratio, percentage of viable seeds and seed fresh weight. The mean pod fresh weights (range 8.63–36.03 g) of cultivated C. siliqua were significantly greater than those of spontaneous trees (7.70–19.39). Similarly, for other morphological characters (pod length, width and thickness and seed weight), the cultivated trees showed the highest mean values: 19.46 cm, 2.22 cm, 0.91 cm and 0.20 g, respectively. How this variability could be exploited for agronomic and commercial purposes is discussed. The variation of the examined morphological characters was not correlated with the quantity of DNA, since there were no significant differences in nuclear DNA content among the cultivated or spontaneous individuals. The mean 2C nuclear DNA content was 1.20–1.30 pg, indicating the trees to be diploid (2n = 24).     

人工授粉对香荚兰果荚生长的影响

通过对香荚兰自花授粉、异花授粉以及不同花粉量的授粉实验,分析了授粉成功率、落荚率和果荚生长量与授粉方式的关系.结果表明:自花授粉挂果率和果荚生长量均优于异花授粉,挂果率差异高达13.74%,果荚平均长和重差异分别为0.51 cm、1.29g,且授粉成功率和挂果率均较异花授粉高;随授粉量的增加,落荚率降低,挂果率增高,果...     

Genetic variability and divergence studies in pod and seed traits of Pongamia pinnata （L.） Pierre., accessions in Bay Islands

In this study, we assessed the variability in pod, seed traits and oil content of 24 accessions of Pongamia pinnata collected from different parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The experiment was conducted at the Central Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair during 2010 to 2011. The variability studies for pod and seed traits revealed that, the accession CPT-6 collected from New Wandoor in South Andaman recorded the maximum values for eight traits viz. pod length （75.51 mm）, pod width （34.62 mm）, pod thickness （17.55 mm）, 100 pod weight （770.33 g）, seed width （21.23 mm）, 100 seed weight （377.00 g）, oil percentage （43.92%） and germination percentage （94.7%）. However, the maximum seed length （26.46 mm） was recorded from CPT 2 and the maximum pod-seed ratio was obtained from CPT 13 and CPT 4 （2.50 and 2.44 respectively）. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations were also close to each other for all traits, but the 100 pod and seed weight exhibited higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation than the other traits. Estimates of broad sense heritability ranged from 0.30 （for seed length） to 0.95 （pod length） and genetic ad- vance as percent of the mean ranged between 11.66% and 57.40% with seed length giving the lowest value and 100 pod weight giving the high- est value. Both the phenotypic and genotypic correlation between pod length, pod width, pod thickness, 100 pod weight, seed width and 100 seed weight and between pod thickness, 100 pod weight, seed width, 100 seed weight and germination percentage were found to be strong. On the basis of non hierarchical Euclidian cluster analysis, 24 accessions were grouped into six clusters. The maximum numbers of seven accessions were included in cluster VI. The maximum intra cluster distance （10.238）shown by cluster VI and the maximum inter cluster distance （17.021） between V and HI followed by III and II （15.942）. Among the six clus- ters formed the cluster III recorded maximum oil percentage, 100 pod weight, 100 seed ,weight, pod length, pod thickness, pod width, seed width and. germination percentage, while cluster V recorded maximum pod seed ratio and germination percentage. The present findings suggest that the crossing between accessions of cluster V and cluster III will result in a wide spectrum of variability in subsequent generations.     

Quantitative Genetic Variability in Picralima nitida (Stapf) from Seven Sources in Nigeria

Intraspecific variation in useful tree species is a requirement for any improvement program. Fruits of P. nitida were collected from seven different sources along its geographic range in Nigeria; metrical traits of seeds and resulting seedlings were assessed as well as the biomass. There were significant (p ≤ .05) differences in seed metrical traits of length, width, and weight. Seeds from J4 had the highest germination percentage of 95%, while Ore had the lowest percentage of 70. Highest mean values of 2.22 g, 3.11 cm, and 95 for weight, length, and number of seeds per pod, respectively, were obtained from Edo seeds. There were significant (p ≤ .05) differences in seedlings height, collar diameter, number of leaves, internodes, stem dry weight, root dry weight, leaf dry weight, total dry weight, and leaf area among the sources. The highest mean values of 4.33 cm (collar diameter), 2.31 cm (internodes length), were obtained from Edo collection. Other seedling traits and biomass indices were highest in J4 provenance. J4 seedlings had the highest average relative growth rate (RGR) values of 0.0450 gg^?1 wk^?1 while Etemi seedlings had the highest average net assimilation rate (NAR) value of 0.0063 g² wk^?1. J4 propagule had the best overall performance and is therefore recommended as a seed source for the improvement and conservation of Picralima nitida.