氮素形态对不同磷效率基因型小麦生长和氮素吸收及基因型差异的影响

对2种不同磷效率基因型小麦幼苗水培结果表明,NO3-N和NH4NO3-N对小麦植株地上部生长的影响无明显差异,但是对根系生长的影响明显不同。NH4-N对小麦幼苗的生长有明显的抑制作用,且对根系生长的抑制程度显著大于对地上部;对磷低效基因型Jing411的抑制程度明显大于对磷高效基因型Xiaoyan54。NH4NO3-N处理有利于提高植株地上部氮含量和植株的氮吸收效率。Xiaoyan54的植株吸氮量在NH4NO3-N处理中最高,Jing411在NO3-N处理中最高。不同处理对营养液pH值的影响明显不同。NH4NO3-N和NH4-N处理导致营养液pH值降低,NO3-N处理使营养液pH值升高,不同磷效率基因型小麦使营养液pH值降低或升高的程度不同。小麦磷效率基因型差异的表现与否和氮素形态有关,以植株地上部干重为磷效率指标的基因型差异在供应NO3-N时不表现。磷高效基因型Xiaoyan54的生长显著优于磷低效基因型Jing411。     

10种水生植物的氮磷吸收和水质净化能力比较研究

选取10种水生植物水罂粟、黄花水龙、大聚藻、香菇草、水芹、大薸、凤眼莲、美人蕉、黄菖蒲和鸢尾等为研究对象,于2009年2月中旬至6月中旬在室内静水条件下对其吸收氮、磷和净化水质的能力进行了比较研究。结果表明：（1）不同水生植物的净增生物量差异较大,变化范围为109.9-1 511.1 g.m-2,其中香菇草净增生物量最高,是黄花水龙（最低）的13.7倍;（2）不同水生植物的氮、磷含量差异较小,其氮、磷量变化范围分别为13.67~26.38 mg.g-1和1.16~3.50 mg.g-1;（3）不同水生植物的水质净化能力差异较大,10种水生植物的水质氮、磷去除率范围分别为36.3%~91.8%和23.2%~94.0%,10种水生植物的氮、磷吸收贡献率分别占水质氮、磷去除率的46.3%~77.0%和54.3%~92.7%。水体氮、磷去除率与水生植物净增生物量存在较高相关性,而与植株氮、磷含量不存在相关性,因而氮、磷吸收量而不是植株氮、磷含量应作为水生植物筛选的一个重要指标。     

秸秆还田稻田土壤生物有效性磷及水稻磷吸收

基于生物有效性的土壤磷（biologically-based P,BBP）分级方法从植物根际介导的磷吸收机制的4个方面,即根截获、有机酸螯合、酶水解和质子分泌产生的酸化来对土壤磷进行分级,能够更便捷地评价土壤磷的有效性状况。以我国亚热带典型双季稻田为研究对象,田间试验设置秸秆未还田且间歇淹水（S0W1）、秸秆还田且间歇淹水（S1W1）、秸秆未还田且长期淹水（S0W2）和秸秆还田且长期淹水（S1W2）4个处理,采用BBP法测定4种生物有效性磷,即氯化钙溶液浸提的磷（CaCl₂—P）、酶溶液浸提的磷（Enzyme—P）、柠檬酸溶液浸提的磷（Citrate—P）和盐酸溶液浸提的磷（HCl—P）,测定了水稻磷含量并计算磷吸收量,旨在探讨秸秆还田和水分管理对稻田土壤生物有效性磷组分和水稻磷吸收的影响。结果表明：早稻季,秸秆还田处理较相应秸秆未还田处理显著增加土壤CaCl₂—P、Enzyme—P和Citrate—P,长期淹水较间歇灌溉增加CaCl₂—P和Citrate—P;晚稻季,秸秆还田处理较相应秸秆未还田处理显著增加Enzyme—P和Citrate—P,长期淹水较间歇灌溉增加CaCl₂—P。秸秆还田配合间歇灌溉及秸秆未还田配合长期淹水在早晚稻季均较对应处理（S0W1）降低HCl—P。土壤有效磷与Enzyme—P和Citrate—P呈显著正相关,表明稻田有效磷主要来源于Enzyme—P和Citrate—P。秸杆还田处理较相应的秸秆未还田处理相比较显著降低早稻籽粒磷总吸收量,尤其长期淹水条件下,早稻磷总吸收量最低;而晚稻季秸秆还田处理水稻籽粒和秸秆磷吸收量高于秸秆未还田处理,且水分管理影响不显著。生物有效性磷含量（除HCl—P外）与水稻磷含量呈显著正相关,与早稻磷总吸收量呈负相关,而与晚稻磷总吸收量呈正相关。稻田土壤Citrate—P含量仅次于HCl—P,表明土壤Citrate—P对水稻磷吸收起主要贡献。综合来看,双季稻田秸秆还田有利于提高土壤磷素有效性和水稻磷素利用率。     

微曝气生态浮床水芹吸收NP的特性及其对系统去除NP贡献的研究

针对污染河水黑臭缺氧、NH4^＋—N含量高等问题,研发了一种“漂浮载体悬挂弹性生物膜填料＋水生植物并辅以人工微曝气系统”的微曝气生态浮床系统,以漂浮植物水芹为例研究了系统中水芹对N、P的吸收特性和去除作用。结果表明,随着水芹的生长其生物量干重显著增加,生长80d左右时总生物干重在2497．2—3144．4g·m^-2之之间,上、下部生物量比平均为13．4。不同部位水芹N、P的含量不同,总的趋势为含N量叶〉根〉茎,含P量茎〉根〉叶。不同生长时间水芹N、P含量及其吸收速率不同：随着水芹的生长,组织内N、P含量逐渐降低,N的吸收速率总趋势为60-80d〉35-60d〉1-35d,P的吸收速率总趋势为35-60d〉1-35d〉60-80d。而随着水芹的生长吸收N、P的总量却在逐渐增加,吸收N的总量从17．69g·m^-2增加到61．66g·m^-2,吸收P的总量从4．99g·m^-2增加到13．55g·m^-2,这主要取决于自身的生物量和N、P的含量。水芹对N、P的积累主要集中在上部,分别占N、P吸收总量的92．2％-93．4％、92．5％～93．1％。水芹生长35、60、80d时,吸收N量占系统TN去除量的比率分别为4．50％、6．06％和6．87％,水芹对P的吸收量分别占系统去除P总量的18．53％、26．82％、22．00％。水芹对N、P的吸收仅是微曝气生态浮床净化系统去除N、P的一个途径,但水芹根际微生物的作用不可忽视。     

保水剂与氮磷肥配施对玉米生长及养分吸收的影响

以夏玉米为研究对象,采用避雨桶栽试验方法精确控制水肥条件,研究保水剂(SAP)与5种氮磷肥配比(N∶P分别为1∶4,2∶3,1∶1,3∶2,4∶1)模式对土壤肥力水平、玉米植株生长及其养分吸收利用的效应。结果表明,保水剂与氮磷肥均衡施用(N∶P为1∶1)能够促进玉米植株的生长及对养分的吸收利用,生育期内平均株高、叶面积较其他处理分别提高了3.36%～7.19%,5.36%～29.26%;干物质积累与植株氮、磷累积量较其他处理分别提高了13.79%～27.61%,15.91%～32.47%,18.66%～33.75%;同时与未施保水剂处理相比,生育期内土壤平均无机氮含量减少5.42%,有效磷含量提高3.55%;在本试验条件下,施用SAP 1.68g/pot、N 2.89g/pot、P 2.89g/pot可得到最大玉米产量113.93g/pot,收获时产量较其他处理提高了18.69%～30.94%。试验结果为华北地区应用保水剂条件下的夏玉米氮磷肥施用配比提供了参考。     

两种钢渣源调理剂对水稻生长及氮磷钾吸收量的影响

钢渣富含硅、钙等养分,是优良的土壤调理剂原料,但其肥效和合理施用量在很大程度上取决于钢渣的养分含量和组分,本研究选取白色钢渣调理剂(W)和黄色钢渣调理剂(Y)2种性质不同的钢渣调理剂,通过盆栽试验研究其不同施用量(W调理剂0.74、1.47、2.94、5.88 g·kg~(-1)和11.76 g·kg~(-1);Y调理剂1.47、2.94、5.88、11.76 g·kg~(-1)和23.52 g·kg~(-1))对水稻生长的影响。研究结果表明,与单施NPK相比,添加W调理剂对水稻生长无显著促进作用,而Y调理剂施用量为11.76 g·kg~(-1)和23.52 g·kg~(-1)时可提高晚稻籽粒产量20%,且当Y调理剂施用量为5.88~23.52 g·kg~(-1)时显著提高晚稻秸秆产量24.02%~35.23%。施用Y调理剂促进了晚稻对氮、磷、钾素的吸收,提高幅度分别为12.61%~21.55%、7.63%~38.31%、11.89%~54.13%。综合结果表明,在弱酸性水稻土(pH 6.51)上,添加W钢渣源调理剂未促进水稻生长,而施用Y调理剂对晚稻生长和氮磷钾养分吸收具有一定的促进作用。     

Influence of Biofertilizers and Phosphate Sources on the Phosphorus Uptake of Lettuce and Chemical Forms of Phosphorus in Soil

A greenhouse experiment was conducted with a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of two levels of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) (Pseudomonas fluorescens) (with and without inoculation), two levels of vermicompost (0 and 1% w/w), and four phosphate (P) sources (control, rock phosphate powder (RP), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and triple super phosphate (SP) at 25 mg P kg^?1 level). Co-application of PGPR and RP in non-vermicompost treatments significantly increased shoot fresh weight, shoot dry matter yield, shoot P uptake, soil Ca₂-P concentration, but it significantly decreased soil Ca₈-P and Ca₁₀-P concentrations. The maximum shoot P uptake was obtained in combined application of RP with vermicompost which had no significant difference with the co-application of SP with vermicompost in bacterial and non-bacterial treatments. There was a negative correlation coefficient between shoot P concentration and chemical forms of phosphorus. It may be concluded that application of biofertilizers changed the chemical forms of inorganic phosphorus and increased P uptake by plant.     

Correlations between Kinetic Parameters of Phosphate Uptake and Internal Phosphorus Concentrations in Maize Plants: Making it Possible to Estimate the Status of Phosphate Uptake according to Shoot Phosphorus Concentrations

Abstract

The relationship between internal phosphorus (P) concentration [P] and kinetics of phosphate (Pi) uptake was investigated in maize seedlings grown hydroponically at different Pi concentrations (0.1–1,000 µM) and in the phase of Pi deprivation (0–10 d). The results indicated when the internal [P] was higher than 85 µmol g^?1 dw, apparent K_m, C_min, and V_max were significantly (P<0.01) related to [P]s in shoots and roots; when the internal [P] was lower than 85 µmol g^?1 dw, K_m and C_min were small and only V_max was significantly related (P<0.01) to internal [P]s. Three equations were deduced from the linear regressions of the kinetic parameters and [P]s in shoots. Using these equations, the values of apparent K_m, C_min, and V_max of Pi uptake of seedlings grown in different circumstances were calculated according to [P]s in shoots. In all the circumstances involved, for K_m and C_min, there was a parallel relationship between the values estimated by [P]s in shoots and by the Pi‐depletion technique; for V_max, the values estimated by [P]s in shoots were consistent with those obtained from Pi‐depletion experiments except the period of supplying Pi to the Pi‐starved seedlings over several days. These results indicated it is possible to estimate the Pi‐uptake status according to shoot P concentrations in maize plants under experimental conditions, which might be helpful to estimate in‐season status of Pi uptake of maize plants in the field.     

Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Oat (Arena nuda L.) as Affected by Mineral Nitrogen Forms Supplied in Hydroponics and Soil Culture

Plants show different growth responses to N sources supplied with either NH4+ or NO3-.The uptake of different N sources also affects the rhizosphere pH and therefore the bioavailability of soil phosphorus,particularly in alkaline soils.The plant growth,P uptake,and P availability in the rhizosphere of oat (Arena nuda L.) grown in hydroponics and in soil culture were investigated under supply with sole NH4+-N,sole NO3--N,or a combination.Sole NO3-fed oat plants accumulated more biomass than sole NH4+-fed ones.The highest biomass accumulation was observed when N was supplied with both NH4+-N and NO3--N.Growth of the plant root increased with the proportion of NO3-in the cultural medium.Better root growth and higher root/shoot ratio were consistently observed in NO3--fed plants.However,root vigor was the highest when N was supplied with NO3-+NH4+.NH4+ supply reduced the rhizosphere pH but did not affect P uptake by plants grown in soils with CaHPO4 added as P source.No P deficiency was observed,and plant P concentrations were generally above 2 g kg-1.P uptake was increased when N was supplied partly or solely as NO3--N,similarly as biomass accumulation.The results suggested that oat was an NO3-prcferring plant,and NO3--N was essential for plant growth and the maintenance of root absorption capacity.N supply with NH4+-N did not improve P nutrition,which was most likely due to the absence of P deficiency.     

土地利用方式对红枫湖入湖流域土壤团聚体磷含量及其形态的影响

以贵州省安顺市红枫湖入湖口4种典型土地利用方式（玉米地、菜园、林地及撂荒地）为研究对象,分别探讨了土地利用方式对0—15em和15～30cm两个层次土壤团聚体总磷含量及其形态的影响。结果表明,不同土地利用方式下,原状土壤及各粒级团聚体总磷含量均表现为玉米地〉菜园〉撂荒地〉林地。土壤各粒级团聚体磷形态含量以ResidualP、NaOH—P、NaHCO3-P为主,其中ResidualP在各土地利用方式中的含量均最高,变幅分别为玉米地28．3％～45．4％、林地61．1％-72．7％、菜园45．9％～53．0％、撂荒地52．1％-72．4％;玉米地和菜园土壤均表现为有机磷含量约为无机态含量的2倍;随团聚体粒径的减小,土壤对总磷含量的贡献率呈减少趋势,土壤团聚体对总磷含量贡献主要集中在5～2mm和2~0．5mm两个粒级中,贡献率均达77％以上,其中耕作土壤（玉米地、菜园）中5-2mm和2-0．5mm两个粒级团聚体中的磷是湖泊面源污染中磷素的主要贡献载体,也是造成湖泊富营养化的关键因素。     

城市污泥改良沙地土壤过程中氮磷的淋溶特征与风险分析

针对城市污泥组成成分的特点,以科尔沁沙地土壤为研究对象,分析其应用于沙地土壤改良的可行性及对地下水的潜在风险.室内土柱淋溶模拟试验研究结果表明,不同的污泥施入量可明显增加沙化土壤表层中氮磷养分含量,提高沙化土壤质量,同时污泥施用量对淋出液中氮磷养分含量存在显著影响,且氮素的淋溶风险大于磷素.当污泥施用量为30 t/hm2时,淋出液中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)含量与不施用污泥的对照处理间未存在显著差异,且随淋洗次数的增加,TN含量呈现先下降后趋于稳定的变化趋势,TP含量呈现逐渐下降,而硝态氮(NO3--N)含量较不施用污泥的对照处理增加11％～33％,但与其差异不显著(P＞0.05).当污泥施用量为60,90 t/hm2时,淋洗液中TN和TP含量显著增加(P＜0.01),随淋洗次数的增加,TN和NO3--N含量呈现先上升后趋于稳定的变化趋势,而NO3--N含量在第3次淋洗后均超出地表水环境质量标准中Ⅲ类水质标准限值(20 mg/L),对地下水体污染风险增加.合理控制污泥施用量不仅可以实现城市污泥的资源化利用,同时也可控制其对地下水的影响.     

不同土地利用方式对棕壤及其各级微团聚体中有机磷组分的影响

采用Bowman-cole有机磷分级法研究了典型棕壤及其各级微团聚体中有机磷组分在林地、柞树林地、耕地3种土地利用方式下的变化情况.结果表明,有机磷总量在3种利用方式下表现为林地＞耕地＞柞树林地,有机磷占全磷的比例却为林地＞柞树林地＞耕地.土地利用方式对棕壤活性有机磷和高稳性有机磷的含量及有效性影响甚微,开垦为耕地可保持中活性有机磷含量并提高其有效性,开垦为柞树林地则显著降低其含量,耕垦可显著降低耕地中中稳性有机磷含量及其比例.耕垦可以降低有机磷总量在各级微团聚体中的含量,且降低率随粒级的增大而增加,提高50～250 μm粒级活性有机磷的有效性,降低＜10 μm和50～250 μm粒级中的中活性有机磷含量,开垦为耕地有利于＜10 μm粒级中其有效性的保持,可显著降低10～50 μm和50～250 μm粒级中稳性有机磷含量,尤其显著降低耕地中其占有机磷的比例,开垦为柞树林有地有利于高稳性有机磷在各粒级中的分解转化,开垦为耕地的却有利于高稳性有机磷在10～50 μm和50～250 μm粒级中累集.     

肥料混施对赤红壤氮磷淋失特征的影响

采用室内模拟土柱淋洗方法研究了无机复合肥、有机复合肥、猪粪堆肥和花生麸4种肥料单施和两两混施条件下氮磷在赤红壤中的淋失特征。结果表明,各处理总氮淋失率在43.2%～74.8%之间,总磷淋失率在0.01%～0.08%之间,赤红壤中肥料氮淋失严重,肥料磷淋失有限。肥料单施处理的无机氮淋失量和有机氮基本相近,肥料混施处理的无机氮淋失量远高于有机氮;各施肥处理磷的淋失均以颗粒磷为主。肥料混施显著增加铵态氮和无机氮淋失,减少有机氮和总氮淋失。猪粪与复合肥混施减少颗粒磷和总磷淋失,花生麸与复合肥混施则促进颗粒磷和总磷淋失,所有混施处理均减少可溶性磷淋失。肥料混施对赤红壤氮磷淋失特征具有显著的混施效应。     

Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency and Growth of Bell Pepper in Relation to Time of Exposure to Fertilizer Solution

Irrigation of high‐value vegetable crops on sandy soils with poor water‐retention capacities may result in fertilizer nitrogen (N) displacement below the effective root zone prior to complete crop uptake. As a result, fertilizer N‐uptake efficiency (FUE) of vegetable crops is often relatively low, thereby increasing the potential risk of groundwater contamination. The objective of this study was to determine how time of exposure of the root zone to the N fertilizer (which is referred to as “fertilizer residence time” or t _R), as related to irrigation management, affects N uptake, FUE, growth, and yield of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Plants were grown in PVC columns with 45 kg of soil equipped with a drainage valve in the bottom of the column. Weekly irrigation with dissolved fertilizers (potassium nitrate; KNO₃) was applied 1, 3, or 7 d before weekly removal of residual soil N by leaching. Weekly N uptake rates were calculated by comparing total N recovery between unplanted (reference) and planted columns. At 77 d after planting, increasing the t _R from 1 to 3 or 7 d increased the weekly N uptake from 1.4 to 10.8 and/or 13.3 kg N ha^?1, respectively. Total calculated plant N accumulations were 19, 72, and 106 kg N ha^?1 for the 1‐, 3‐, and 7‐d t _R treatments, with overall FUE values being 8, 31, and 45%, respectively. It is concluded that during initial growth crop, uptake capacity is limiting, and more frequent (daily) fertilizer injection into the irrigation water may be required to enhance FUE. It is proposed also that via sound or innovative irrigation management practices, fertilizer retention in the root zone can be enhanced, thereby improving crop growth, yield, and FUE while reducing production cost and potential environmental impacts.     

Rhizosphere Phosphorus Solubility and Plant Uptake as Affected by Crop in a Clay Soil from the Central Plateau Region of Haiti

Phosphorus (P) is commonly a limiting nutrient affecting crop yields in tropical cultivated systems, and a high P-sorption capacity in many of these soils can decrease the effectiveness of fertilizer use. Smallholder farmers, such as those in rural Haiti who do not have sufficient access to P fertilizers, may benefit from crops that are efficient at scavenging for P. To evaluate commonly grown and potentially useful plants for this purpose, a pot study was conducted in a controlled-environment chamber set to approximate ambient May–June conditions in Haiti's Central Plateau with seven treatments (six legume and one grass species) using soil from an Ustalf taken in the region. Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens [L.] DC) produced the largest amount of biomass, though no difference in P uptake among treatments was observed. Phosphorus uptake and rhizosphere P were positively correlated, indicating plants with a larger capacity to solubilize P took up more P.     

千岛湖流域坡地利用结构对径流氮、磷流失量的影响

通过对千岛湖流域典型坡地各种坡地利用方式降雨径流中总氮 (TN)、可溶氮 (DN)、总磷 (TP)和可溶磷(DP)浓度的监测 ,发现不同坡地利用方式中总氮和总磷浓度变异较大 ,总体说来 ,甘薯地和园地等有人工耕种的坡地流失浓度最大 ,草地和林地等受人工影响干扰少的坡地流失浓度相对较少 ,陡坡林地流失浓度大于缓坡林地。平均 DN/ TN值和 DP/ TP值变化不大 :分别为 0 .4 5和 0 .2 2左右。在不同利用方式下 ,日降雨量与氮、磷浓度的相关性均达到 95 %的显著性水平     

Microbial Immobilization and Plant Uptake of Different N Forms in Three Forest Types in Shikoku District, Southern Japan

Soil microbial immobilization and plant uptake of N were evaluated for three forest types in Kochi, Shikoku district. During 196-d laboratory incubation, soil NO₃-N production in the Hinoki cypress forest was negligible for the initial 40 d and then rapidly increased, whereas NO₃-N production was rapid from the beginning in Japanese cedar and deciduous hardwood forests. Microbial immobilization of the labeled ¹⁵N decreased in the order of NH₄-N>glycine-N>NO₃-N. The ¹⁵N immobilization was higher for soil in the Hinoki cypress forest than other two soils. The delayed NO₃-N production in the Hinoki cypress forest was likely related with low availability of NH₄-N due to NH₄-N immobilization and substantial NO₃-N immobilization. In the field experiment, ¹⁵N uptake by roots decreased in the order of NH₄-N>NO₃-N>glycine-N. The absorption of the labeled ¹³C suggested direct uptake of organic N. The preference of N forms by root uptake was not different among forest types. Trees in three forest types can absorb inorganic and organic forms of N, suggesting trees absorb the N form that is the most abundant in the soil.     

模拟酸雨对施肥条件下赤红壤氮磷淋失特征的影响

通过土柱模拟淋洗试验,研究了施用等量有机复合肥条件下,不同酸度模拟酸雨对赤红壤氮磷淋失特征的影响。结果表明,铵态氮、硝态氮、无机氮和总氮淋失量均随酸雨pH值增大而下降;pH 2.0模拟酸雨和对照（pH 6.5）的无机氮和总氮淋失量差异不显著,但均显著高于pH 3.0、pH 4.0和pH 5.0酸雨;pH 5.0模拟酸雨无机氮和总氮淋失量均最低,表明强酸性酸雨和中性淋洗液均促进氮淋失,而酸度与土壤接近的酸雨减少氮淋失。与对照相比,模拟酸雨对DP淋失无显著影响,但显著降低PP和TP淋失;不同模拟酸雨各形态磷淋失量均无显著差异,表明酸雨对赤红壤磷淋失影响有限。酸雨对淋滤液氮磷浓度动态变化和氮磷累计淋失量动态变化等均无显著影响。     

模拟酸雨对施肥条件下赤红壤氮磷淋失特征的影响

通过土柱模拟淋洗试验,研究了施用等量有机复合肥条件下,不同酸度模拟酸雨对赤红壤氮磷淋失特征的影响。结果表明,铵态氮、硝态氮、无机氮和总氮淋失量均随酸雨pH值增大而下降;pH 2.0模拟酸雨和对照(pH 6.5)的无机氮和总氮淋失量差异不显著,但均显著高于pH 3.0、pH 4.0和pH 5.0酸雨;pH 5.0模拟酸雨无机氮和总氮淋失量均最低,表明强酸性酸雨和中性淋洗液均促进氮淋失,而酸度与土壤接近的酸雨减少氮淋失。与对照相比,模拟酸雨对DP淋失无显著影响,但显著降低PP和TP淋失;不同模拟酸雨各形态磷淋失量均无显著差异,表明酸雨对赤红壤磷淋失影响有限。酸雨对淋滤液氮磷浓度动态变化和氮磷累计淋失量动态变化等均无显著影响。     

崂山水库流域不同土地利用类型地表径流的氮磷流失特征

在崂山水库流域非点源污染发生区.于2009年7-8月5次天然降水条件下,选择林地、果园、耕地、村庄4种典型的土地利用类型进行降雨、径流水质同步监测,分析不同土地利用类型地衰径流中氮磷的流失情况.结果表明,村庄径流中铵态氮、溶解总磷的质量浓度高于其他地块的,最高值分别达4.51,1.337mg/L,耕地径流中硝态氦浓度最高,可达15.52 mg/L.基于SCS模型估算不同土地利用类型的氮磷年径流负荷和年径流流失量,总体来看,硝态氮的输出负荷明显高于铵态氮和溶解总磷的,耕地中硝态氮径流负荷最大,可达40.61 kg/(hm2·a),耕地中化肥的大量施用是硝态氮流失负荷高的主要原因.