离子载体药物对家鸭球虫病治疗效果比较

鸭球虫病是由多种鸭艾美耳球虫寄生于鸭肠上皮细胞引起的一种原虫病,给养禽业带来巨大的经济损失。为了解离子型抗球虫药物对鸭球虫病的防治效果,在模拟家鸭笼养的环境条件下,选用莫能霉素、盐霉素、马杜拉霉素、拉沙里菌素、那拉霉素等5种离子载体药物进行试验。试验结果表明,5种离子载体类药物对鸭球虫病均有很好的防治效果,并且马拉霉素等对家鸭的增重也有一定效果。     

几种离子载体药物和磺胺氯吡嗪钠对兔肠球虫病的疗效比较

6组试验兔于人工感染肠艾美球虫和大型艾美球虫前3d分别投服莫能霉素(Monensin)、那拉霉素(Narajin)、盐霉素(Salinomycin)、马杜拉霉素(Maduramycin)、拉沙洛菌素(Lasalocid)，另l组兔在感染后第6d饮服磺胺氯吡嗪钠(Esb3)药液。全部试验兔于感染后第20d扑杀，按常规指标评价各药的疗效。结果，莫能霉素组对兔球虫病的防治效果最佳，该组兔的死亡率为16．6％，病变记分为0．7，每只兔平均增重35g。     

三种离子载体药物对兔肝球虫病的疗效试验

殷佩云等(1998)〔1〕报道,盐霉素0.0025%～0.01%对人工感染的斯氏艾美耳球虫病(卵囊19×104个)无显著的预防效果;将剂量提高到0.008%～0.015%,人工感染斯氏艾美耳球虫卵囊数量减少到10×104个时仍无效果;剂量提高到0.015%～0.025%,斯氏艾美耳球虫卵囊感染量降至5×104个时,可免于死亡,0.025%组肝脏病变减轻,但肝组织和粪便中的卵囊仍较多。兔出现球虫病症状时,用0.015%～0.03%盐霉素进行治疗,不能控制死亡和减轻病变。蒋金书等(1991)〔2〕报道,0.005%盐霉素对人工感染的斯氏艾美耳球虫病(10×104个)有防治效果,此结果与Peeters等(1982)〔5…     

几种合剂对人工感染兔肠球虫病的疗效试验

兔的球虫病是兔的重要疾病之一。由于兔肠球虫的侵袭,兔消化道的大量上皮细胞发生崩解,继发细菌感染,使得肠道消化功能严重紊乱。现用的抗球虫药多数仅限于对球虫的作用,对继发的细菌感染和肠道功能     

鸭球虫病病例报道

１９９６年９月２２日，本市西芹镇某村陈某送检病死的半番鸭，经剖检和涂片镜检后，诊断为罕见的半番鸭柔嫩艾美耳球虫病，现报道如下：１流行情况：本市西芹镇某村陈某饲养一批群鸭，共４９０羽，其中半番鸭４２０羽、公麻鸭２０羽、母麻鸭５０羽。从９月１３日起，发现少量半番鸭（１９日龄）精神沉郁，不食或少食，拉褐黄色相间的混浊稀粪，带有气泡，２天后每天发病７～９羽，死亡３～８羽，发病率为２１％，死亡率为５６％，用灭败灵、青霉素和土霉素治疗无效，到２２日已发病１０９羽，死亡５７羽；病程不超过４天。但同一群中的公、…     

3种中药散剂对兔球虫病的疗效试验

据报道,用中药常山柴胡合剂和四黄散治疗小熊猫等孢球虫病,疗效甚佳。疗后半个月粪检,四黄散组卵囊减少,常山柴胡合剂卵囊转阴,5—9个月复查,粪便均为阴性。又据报道,白头翁、炒槐米、鸦胆子合剂对猪的球虫病也有一定的疗效。又据报     

鸭球虫病的诊治探讨

鸭球虫病的诊治探讨胡太文，苏佳惠（四川省江津市畜牧中心）前言鸭球虫病对养鸭业影响很大，尤对２～３周龄的雏鸭危害更为严重，死亡率可高达８０％以上。寄生于鸭的球虫种类很多，计有艾美耳、温扬、泰泽等４个属１６种。其中主要引起球虫病的是毁灭泰泽球虫、菲氏温扬...     

鸭球虫病防治

鸭球虫病目前还没有象鸡球虫病那样为人们所重视,其重要原因之一是养鸭的方式一般不那么密集。密集饲养是现代化饲养业的一种趋势,一旦密集,球虫病便相继发生。北京地区的北京鸭饲养场几乎每年都爆发急性球虫病,发病率约30％～90％,死亡率约20％～70％,耐过的病鸭生长受阻,增重缓慢,对养鸭业危害甚大。为了引起人们的重视,本文介绍了鸭球虫的种类、生活史,鸭球虫病的流行病学、症状,病理变化、诊断方法和综合防治措施。     

雏鸭球虫病的诊治报告

2001年5月,溧水县某养鸭专业户饲养的2100只肉鸭于24日龄时突然发病,死亡7～10只.经诊断为鸭球虫病,现报道如下.     

癸氧喹酯预防人工感染肉仔鸡球虫病的药效试验

由于免疫预防还没有完全普及 ,迄今为止 ,控制肉仔鸡球虫病的主要手段仍然是化药防治 ,而耐药性产生又缩短了许多抗球虫药的使用寿命 ,因此引进新的抗球虫药就显得重要。本试验旨在证实癸氧喹酯预混剂的抗球虫药效 ,为引进该药在我国使用提供试验数据。1　材料1 .1　药物　癸氧     

生物制剂YJ2对鸡球虫病的防治试验

鸡球虫病是生产中严重危害养禽业的一种重要的寄生虫病 ,长期以来以药物防治为主。但随着球虫耐药性的产生及消费者对禽产品药物残留的关注 ,球虫病的生物防治问题日益引起关注。利用微生态调节剂 (国外称为益生素 ) ,在调整动物肠道正常菌群与宿主之间的微生态平衡、促进动物生长发育、提高饲料报酬、增强动物免疫力以防治腹泻等方面的作用已日益广泛地用于畜牧生产。生物制剂 YJ2内含多种有益微生物 ,被鸡采食后可在肠道内形成优势种群 ,抑制有害微生物的繁衍 ,从而提高机体的抗病能力。为了探讨和研究生物饲料添加剂 JY2对鸡球虫病防治…     

Efficacy of diclazuril against turkey coccidiosis in dose-titration studies

Diclazuril, a new anticoccidial drug, was tested for its efficacy in turkeys against single Eimeria infections. Dose-titration studies indicated that diclazuril at dosages of 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 ppm was highly effective against the major pathogenic species-E. adenoeides, E. gallopavonis, and E. meleagrimitis-in terms of weight gain and suppression of lesions, abnormal droppings, and oocyst shedding.     

Efficacy of toltrazuril against intestinal and hepatic coccidiosis in rabbits

The anticoccidial effect of toltrazuril (Bay Vi 9142) against Eimeria flavescens, E. intestinalis, E. magna, E. perforans and E. stiedai was tested in experimentally-infected rabbits. Continuous administration of 10-15 p.p.m. of the drug in the drinking water was highly effective in reducing oocyst output of all five species and in preventing clinical signs and macroscopic lesions. Sporulation of excreted oocysts was not affected. After 5 weeks of medication, no negative influence was noted on zootechnic performance of growing healthy rabbits. Medication of rabbits with 25 p.p.m. only during schizogony or gamogony (2 days of treatment, repeated after 5 days) quickly reduced clinical signs and oocyst output. When administered during late schizogony or gamogony, toltrazuril allowed development of immunity against reinfection with homologous species.     

Efficacy of diclazuril against turkey coccidiosis in a floor-pen experiment

Diclazuril, a new anticoccidial drug, was tested for its efficacy in turkeys against mixed Eimeria infections. A floor-pen trial indicated that diclazuril at dosages of 0.5 ppm and 1 ppm in the feed was highly effective against the major pathogenic species E. adenoeides, E. gallopavonis, and E. meleagrimitis in suppressing intestinal and cecal lesions and oocyst shedding. Weight gain and feed conversion improved, particularly at 1 ppm.     

鸡球虫苗(LCV-2号)安全性和免疫效果研究

在实验条件下,研究了鸡球虫苗LCV-2号对笼养鸡的安全性和免疫保护效果。试验设空白对照组、攻虫对照组、免疫1组(1个免疫剂量)、免疫2组(2个免疫剂量)和免疫3组(0.5个免疫剂量),共5个试验组,每组10只鸡。试验结果表明:①空白对照组、攻虫对照组和三个免疫组的相对增重率依次为100%、84.0%、96.9%、91.0%和91.0%;②攻虫后第8 d,每组剖检2只鸡,肠道病变记分5个组依次为0、4、1、3和4分。③免疫期间,免疫1、2和3组的每克粪便卵囊数(OPG)平均值依次为4.2×10~3个、9.2×10~3个和5.4×10~3个;攻虫期间,攻虫对照组5.117×10~5个、免疫1、2和3组依次为0.797×10~5个、0.522×10~5个和1.171×10~5个。④攻虫后各组死亡率依次为0、75%、25%、25%和50%。⑤抗球虫指数(ACI),5个组依次为200.0、88.0、166.9、148.5和120.0。总的来看,免疫鸡群对大剂量卵囊攻击有较强的抵抗力,其中免疫1组结果良好,免疫2组和3组结果尚不理想,因此,LCV-2免疫1组的剂量(1头份卵囊/只)为优选剂量。     

Efficacy of arprinocid against coccidiosis of broilers in battery and floor-pen trials

Medication of broilers with arprinocid [9-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenylmethyl)-9H-purine-6-amine] gave protection against the effects of coccidiosis in both battery and floor-pen trials. In battery trials, efficacy was tested on single-species inoculations of Eimeria acervulina, E. mivati, E. necatrix, E. maxima, E. Brunetti, and E. tenella. Two strains of each species recently recovered from the field, were tested separately. In floor-pen trials, all six species, both field and laboratory strains, were used as a mixed infection. In batteries, 60 and 70 ppm essentially eliminated coccidiosis-induced mortality and weight depression. Effects of 50 ppm on weight gain were variable. The effectiveness of different medication levels varied between strains within a species. In floor-pen trials, 40, 60, or 80 ppm was effective in controlling mortality and weight depression, and increasing feel-conversion ratios. All levels were significantly as effective as monensin in protecting against coccidiosis. With severe exposure to coccidia, 60 and 80 ppm gave significantly lower lesion socres than did 40 ppm of arprinocid or 120 ppm monensin.     

Efficacy of ionophorous anticoccidial drugs against coccidia in farm-reared pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) from Illinois

Litter samples obtained from a ring-necked pheasant propagation farm in Illinois contained coccidia: 57.5% of the oocysts were Eimeria duodenalis, 24.9% were E. tetartooimia, 8.8% were E. phasiani, and 8.8% were E. pacifica. Ionophorous anticoccidial drugs were tested for efficacy against the pheasant coccidia. All three drugs reduced oocyst production and prevented mortality in young pheasants; unmedicated infected controls had a 40% mortality rate. Monensin at 120 ppm in the feed was coccidiocidal against E. duodenalis and E. tetartooimia, partly coccidiocidal against E. pacifica, and only partly coccidiostatic against E. phasiani. Salinomycin at 60 ppm in the feed was highly efficacious and coccidiocidal against all four species, but the salinomycin-medicated pheasants gained the least of all medicated birds. Lasalocid at 120 ppm in the feed was the most effective, with nearly complete coccidiocidal activity against all four coccidial species.     

复方磺胺氯吡嗪钠不同组方与剂型对鸡球虫病的疗效

通过动物体内试验,比较复方磺胺氯吡嗪钠的不同组方与剂型对鸡球虫病的疗效。第一次试验设磺胺氯吡嗪钠+三甲氧苄啶(TMP)溶液组(0.02%,5 d)、磺胺氯吡嗪钠+TMP混悬液组(0.02%,5 d)、磺胺氯吡嗪钠+二甲氧苄啶(DVD)混悬液组(0.02%,5 d)、药物对照组(磺胺氯吡嗪钠可溶性粉,0.03%,5 d)、感染不用药组和不感染不用药组。第二次试验设磺胺氯吡嗪钠+TMP混悬液组(0.02%,5 d)、磺胺氯吡嗪钠+DVD混悬液组-1(0.02%,5 d)、磺胺氯吡嗪钠+DVD混悬液组-2(0.02%,3 d)、药物对照组(磺胺氯吡嗪钠可溶性粉,0.03%,3d)、感染不用药组和不感染不用药组。每组30只鸡。以血便记分、存活率、增重及相对增重率、病变记分与病变值、卵囊产量与卵囊值、抗球虫指数(ACI)等指标综合评定抗球虫效果。结果显示:磺胺氯吡嗪钠+TMP混悬液组(0.02%,5 d)和磺胺氯吡嗪钠+DVD混悬液组(0.02%,5 d)的抗球虫指数始终大于或接近180,为抗球虫高效水平;磺胺氯吡嗪钠+TMP溶液组(0.02%,5 d)、磺胺氯吡嗪钠+DVD混悬液组(0.02%,3 d)的抗球虫指数大于160,为抗球虫中效水平。提示:磺胺氯吡嗪钠+TMP混悬液(0.02%,5 d)和磺胺氯吡嗪钠+DVD混悬液(0.02%,5 d)对鸡球虫有较好的疗效。     

Efficacy of maduramicin ammonium against coccidiosis in turkeys under laboratory and floor-pen conditions

Experimental infections with field isolates of Eimeria meleagrimitis, E. adenoeides, E. gallopavonis, and E. dispersa in turkey poults were used to test the efficacy of maduramicin ammonium at 2.5-10 ppm in laboratory experiments. Infection with single or mixed species of coccidia reduced the weight gain of unmedicated infected controls and caused 18.1-65% mortality in two experiments. Maduramicin ammonium given at 5-7 ppm prevented mortality, significantly reduced droppings scores and oocyst passage, and improved weight gain to near that of the unmedicated uninfected controls. Maduramicin ammonium was tested at 4-7 ppm in a floor-pen trial lasting 10 weeks. Mortality from coccidiosis averaged 11.9% in unmedicated controls, compared with 0.6% with 4 ppm of maduramicin or no mortality with 5-7 ppm. Average weight gain and feed conversion at 10 weeks were significantly improved over unmedicated infected controls when maduramicin ammonium was given at 5-7 ppm. These results suggest that maduramicin ammonium is highly efficacious against field isolates of Eimeria in turkeys, especially within the range of 5-7 ppm in the feed.