共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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采用定点监测、分级调查法对云南河口1.2万hm2香蕉受褐足角胸叶甲(Basilepta fulvipes Motschulsky)的危害情况进行了研究。结果表明:褐足角胸叶甲发生、危害每年有3次以上的高峰期分别为4~5、7~8月和10月、12月至翌年3月为发生、危害的最低期;东部褐足角胸叶甲发生、危害最重,其次是西部及中南部;海拔高度和气候与褐足角胸叶甲的发生危害关系密切,海拔越高,危害率、危害指数越低,雨热同季、高温高湿比较有利于种群繁殖与发生危害。防治试验初步结果表明,参试的3种杀虫剂均有较好的防治效果,其中45%的马拉硫磷(跳丙)乳油1 000倍较好,在抽蕾初期防治可取得较好的防治效果,后期则效果降低或无效。 相似文献
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应用浸叶饲喂法测定6种药剂对褐足角胸叶甲(Basilepta fulvipes Motschulsky)成虫的毒力作用。结果表明:6种杀虫剂均对褐足角胸叶甲均有效果,其中25%联苯菊酯·啶虫脒·哒螨灵乳油、25%氯虫苯甲酰胺·啶虫脒·哒螨灵乳油、25%除尽·啶虫脒·哒螨灵乳油和25%多杀菌素·啶虫脒·哒螨灵乳油对褐足角胸叶甲成虫的毒力较高,LC50分别为23.519 8、7.432 3、23.602 6和15.977 7 mg/L。45%马拉硫磷乳油和20%甲氰菊酯乳油的毒力较低。 相似文献
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采用大棚饲养及连续2年定点监测、分级调查等研究方法对云南河口香蕉褐足角胸叶甲进行动态分布规律研究。结果表明:香蕉受褐足角胸叶甲危害的高低与温度、湿度密切相关,与发生危害的田间消长规律成正比;12月至翌年3月份的温度、湿度为每年当中的最低值,其危害率、危害指数最低,仅为0~3.08%及0~0.77;5~9月份尽管温度都很高,但仅5~6及8~9月降雨量最多,出现了2次高峰值,危害率、危害指数达到28.67~57.22%、7.17~14.61及31.56~32.78%、7.58~8.22;大棚饲养年发生3代,世代重叠,5~6月、8月上旬及11月成虫出土,尤以5~6月高峰值最大,大棚饲养成虫消长与田间消长呈现正相关性;热量、降雨的高低差异使得不同地区的危害及种群动态分布差异十分明显,河口东部地区香蕉褐足角胸叶甲发生危害>河口西部地区>河口中南部地区;排除山地逆温现象最为普遍的河口中南部地区,在正常年份的降雨条件下,海拔越低温度越高,其种群繁育数量越多,危害越重。 相似文献
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黑足角胸叶甲发生与危害的初步考查 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
黑足胸叶甲Basilepta melanopus le-fenne是江西部分茶区新兴起的一种重要茶树害虫,对茶叶产量和品质影响很大。笔者于1982—1984年对该虫的发生为害情况作了初步调查观察,现将结果整理如下。 一、分布与为害 黑足角胸叶甲国内已知分布于江西、福建、湖北、湖南、广东、广西等省(区)。1981年笔者在宜春、上犹首次采到标本,后相继在分宜、万载、崇义等地发现。 黑足角胸叶甲的寄主,现有文献记载仅有茶树。我们在宜春等地发现,其寄主除茶树外,还有珍珠菜Lysimachia clethroid-es Duby。 相似文献
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The fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia acts on populations of the root-knot nematode by parasitizing their eggs before they hatch, preventing the release of juveniles. In this study, the effect of the time at which the fungus is applied to soil infested with the nematode, before transplanting tomato and lettuce seedlings, was evaluated. The reduction of symptoms and the nematode population in the host plant was also evaluated, as well as the fluctuation of the fungus population during the studied period. The seedlings were transplanted at 0, 5, 10, 15 or 20 days after incorporation of the inocula of the fungus and the nematode into the soil. The population of P. chlamydosporia, without the presence of plants, increased and reached its maximum 10 days after its incorporation into the soil. At the end of the experiments, the number of colony forming units (CFU) of the fungus in the soil remained high enough to act on the next cycle of crops. For both cultures, the greatest effect on reducing the number of galls and eggs of Meloidogyne javanica was obtained by increasing the contact time of the fungus with the nematode in the soil before transplanting seedlings. In the second run, for both cultures, there was an increase in shoot weight with increasing of incubation time before the transplantation of seedlings. 相似文献
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为了通过对花生抗线虫鉴定方法的比较,确定更加快速有效的抗性鉴定技术,作者于2002~2003年在佐治亚大学的Tifton试验站进行了温室盆栽试验.结果表明侵然期幼虫(2000~4000条/株)与虫卵(8000~16000粒/株)均可以用于花生抗线性鉴定的温室接种,但与使用虫卵接种相比,以侵染期幼虫作为接种体需要多花3~5d的时间收集幼虫;接种后14d,可以依据0~5级的虫瘿分级标准将供试的4份花生种质区分开来;接种后6~10周依据卵块数量或每克根中的虫卵数可以进一步确认花生的抗性水平.虫瘿级数、虫瘿数量、卵块数量及每克根中的卵量之间存在着极显著(P<0.01)的正相关关系.根据研究结果提出了温室中花生抗线虫鉴定的程序方法以8000粒卵/株为适宜接种量,接种后14d依据0~5级的虫瘿分级标准进行初筛,对初筛入选的材料再在接种后6周根据卵块数量或卵量验证其抗性. 相似文献
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Populations (eggs/g dried soil) of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae Woll. failed to increase at two sites on susceptible spring barley but increased slightly at another on spring oats. Nematode multiplication was not related to the numbers of females produced on roots in summer; fewer female nematodes were produced where populations increased than where they declined. The failure of the nematode to multiply was due to few (less than 40%) of the females forming cysts containing eggs, a reduction in fecundity and an increase in the number of encysted eggs containing fungi. Verticillium chlamydosporium was the main fungus causing the decline in nematode numbers. Nematophthora gynophila was present at all sites but was most active at Woburn where irrigation was used to keep soils moist. V. chlamydosporium was the main parasite of encysted eggs at all sites but soil-borne saprophytic fungi were also isolated. These fungi were not found in many eggs and were considered to be only weak parasites. Differences in resting fungal spore densities in soil were not always related to differences in rates of parasitism. The activity of N. gynophila is affected by soil moisture and density of females as well as the density of spores in soil. The production of chlamydospores by V. chlamydosporium may also depend on the isolate of fungus present: some isolates produce no such spores on artificial media or, possibly, in soil. This work has shown that V. chlamydosporium and N. gynophila can reduce cereal cyst nematode populations under susceptible cereals but it is difficult to predict at present if they will give an effective control in a given soil or season. 相似文献
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在实验室内的凹玻片测试结果表明:接种淡紫拟青霉(Paecilomyces lilacinus)后,使南方根结线虫1号生理小种卵的孵化率明显降低,接种5天后的孵化率比对照降低一半,接种11天后卵寄生率达58.20%;温室盆栽试验结果表明:每40平方米1.5公斤、3.0公斤用量下,当季对花生北方根结线虫的卵寄生率达62.09%。53.99%;相同用量的大田试验结果表明;前期卵寄生率分别为18.72%—63.08%、22.92—32.76%,后期卵寄生率分别为19.42%,21.13%,防治效果分别为5.13%—22.45%,23.04%—25.50%,说明淡紫拟青霉对南方根结线虫1号生理种、花生北方根结线虫确有一定的防治效果。 相似文献