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冈优725对四个稻瘟病菌生理小种毒素的响应 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为了明确稻瘟病菌对杂交水稻的毒害机制,采用稻瘟病菌粗毒素浇灌水稻植株,探讨4个稻瘟病菌生理小种的粗毒素对冈优725各器官物质积累、转运及产量的影响规律。结果显示:4个稻瘟病菌生理小种毒素均不同程度地抑制了冈优725干物质积累并引起大幅减产,根部干物质积累量、地上部干物质积累量、有效输出率、有效转化率平均下降34.57%、21.48%、31.34%、40.90%;穗粒数、结实率、千粒重和产量平均降低17.24%、12.84%、5.65%和10.83%;生理小种间毒力差异显著,其中ZA10毒素的毒性最强;孕穗期是冈优725对稻瘟病菌毒素最敏感的时期。 相似文献
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云南元阳哈尼梯田稻瘟病菌遗传多样性分析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
利用12对SSR引物,对来自云南元阳哈尼梯田不同海拔高度、不同水稻品种上的稻瘟病菌菌株进行遗传多样性分析,并运用日本清泽建立的鉴别品种对其中62个菌株进行生理小种鉴定。结果显示:稻瘟病菌总体遗传多样性水平较高(He=0.57±0.27,I=1.17±0.60)。聚类分析表明,在80%相似水平下菌株可划分为9个多样性群体。供试菌株划分为16个生理小种,其中002、000和006为优势小种。分离的不同海拔稻瘟病菌生理小种和遗传多样性存在差异。海拔1600~1700m生理小种最丰富,达9个生理小种;海拔1500~1600m、1400~1500m和1700~1800m,生理小种分别为6、5和4个;遗传多样性分析表明,从海拔1400~1500m分离的菌株遗传多样性水平最高(He=0.57±0.24),并划分为6个群体。综合分析表明,在元阳哈尼梯田系统中,栽培传统品种遗传多样性越丰富的区域,其稻瘟病菌群体多样性和生理小种也越丰富。 相似文献
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黑龙江省稻瘟病菌生理小种的鉴定 总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13
应用3个籼稻、4个粳稻组成的中国鉴别品种将黑龙江省110个稻瘟病菌菌株划分为4群7个生理小种。用日本清泽的12个单基因抗性鉴别品种将上述菌株划分为77个生理小种。对+、ti-a、Pi-k、Pi-z基因致病频率高(70.4%~89%)的生理小种遍布全省各稻区;对Pi-t、Pi-b、Pi-zt基因致病频率低(0~19.3%)的生理小种分布窄,这3个基因可用于抗病育种。试验表明应用日本清泽的12个粳稻单基因抗性鉴别品种更适宜黑龙江省稻瘟病菌生理小种的鉴定 相似文献
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2002年黑龙江省部分稻区稻瘟病菌生理小种鉴定 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
用中国7个统一鉴别品种对2002年在黑龙江省部分地区采集的57个单孢分离菌株进行了生理小种鉴定。共鉴定出6群10个生理小种,即ZA17、ZA49、ZB1、ZB19、ZB25、ZC9、ZD1、ZD5、ZE1和ZF1生理小种,其中ZD1为优势小种,出现频率为36.8%。生理小种的组成由1996年商世吉报导的4群7个生理小种发展到6群10个生理小种,优势小种也由ZE1转变为ZD1。其中ZA17、ZA49强致病型的生理小种开始出现。所鉴定出的10个生理小种对4个粳稻鉴别品种有较强的致病力。地域较近的地区稻瘟病菌的生理小种群体组成也有较大差异。 相似文献
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为了解华南稻区水稻白叶枯病菌的致病性分化和变异动态,采集华南地区水稻白叶枯病病叶标样分离病原菌,应用中国鉴别寄主IR26、南粳15、爪哇14、特特普、金刚30和国际水稻已知抗病基因的近等基因系IRBB5、IRBB13、IRBB3、IRBB14、IRBB2、IR24两套鉴别寄主,在水稻孕穗期采用剪叶法接种,依据寄主和菌株的互作反应检测病菌的致病性分化。结果显示,参试菌株可划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅸ六个致病型和R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R8、R10七个致病小种。Ⅴ、Ⅳ致病型和R8、R5小种出现频率分别为27.40%、19.30%和44.67%、15.34%,为华南稻区优势种群。Ⅸ、Ⅴ、Ⅳ致病型和R8、R5小种对500份华南稻区品种资源的致病率依次为96.40%、95.00%、50.40%、62.00%和42.60%;Ⅸ致病型毒性最强且发展很快;强致病菌系Ⅴ型已替代Ⅳ型发展为华南优势致病菌系。 相似文献
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J. J. MES J. VAN DOORN E. J. A. ROEBROECK E. VAN EGMOND J. VAN AARTRIJK P. M. BOONEKAMP 《Plant pathology》1994,43(2):362-370
Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli were collected from widely different geographic areas. These isolates were characterized by pathogenicity to two differential gladiolus cultivars, vegetative compatibility, and total genomic DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). RFLPs were used to estimate the genetic divergence and relationship among isolates of F. oxysporum. RFLPs were detected by Southern blot hybridization of total genomic DNA with a 3-4 kb DNA probe generated from total DNA off. oxysporum f.sp. dianthi. Cluster analysis allowed the division of pathogenic strains into three main RFLP groups, each group containing strains with similarity coefficients ranging from 78 to 100%. RFLP groups correlated with vegetative compatibility groups, not with races. Two single pathogenic isolates which could not be assigned to any of the three main vegetative compatibility groups also had distinctive RFLP patterns. Little genetic polymorphism was observed within vegetative compatibility groups, whereas the majority of RFLPs occurred between vegetative compatibility groups, suggesting a common ancestry for strains within a specific vegetative compatibility group and a polyphyletic origin for the present special form gladioli. 相似文献
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Fifteen strains, assigned to four pathogenic races of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum on the basis of host range, were characterized by means of vegetative compatibility, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and pigmentation on aesculin-containing medium. Isolates were divided into two major vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) comprising Races 1 and 2 (VI) and Race 3 (V2). The two VCGs were represented by a single RFLP pattern. An additional RFLP pattern was observed for a single Race 4 isolate. Isolates received as belonging to Races 2, 3 and 4 blackened aesculin agar, while designated and presumed Race 1 isolates gave a negative reaction. 相似文献
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我国小麦条锈菌生理小种毒性基因及致病性特点分析 总被引:10,自引:4,他引:10
本文首次研究了我国小麦条锈菌生理小种的毒性基因型,探讨了我国小种与国际命名小种的关系,证实了我国条锈菌系具有与世界其它地区菌系所不同的独特致病毒谱,指出条锈菌在中国的流行是一个相对独立的区系。讨论了我国现有小种致病性及毒性基因进化关系。 相似文献
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Koji Tanaka Sayaka Nakatsu Zen-nosuke Katsuba Hiroshi Furuya Takao Tsuchiya Takashi Oku 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(2):144-146
The pathogenic races of 450 cultures of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, isolated from eight locations in the inland mountainous area of Hiroshima Prefecture during 2000 to 2003, were determined with a set of Japanese differentials. The rice cultivars infected with the bacterium are thought to be in the Kinmaze group, which does not have any resistance genes. Five Japanese races IA, IB, II, V, and VII occurred across the area, although the composition of the races in each location altered during the surveyed 4 years. 相似文献
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Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi and other fusaria from Dianthus species 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) among 46 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from Dianthus spp., representing the known range of pathogenicity in carnation, were determined using total DNA digested with the restriction enzyme Hind III and a previously described probe, D4. Distinct multiple band RFLP patterns were found, which delineated RFLP groups as follows: (i) F. oxysporum f.sp. dianthi races I and 8; (ii) F. oxysporum f.sp. dianthi races 2, 5 and 6; (iii) F. oxysporum f.sp. dianthi race 4; (iv) a recently described race of F. oxysporum f.sp. dianthi (wilt-causing isolates from D. caryophyllus formerly classified as F. redolens); (v) wilt-causing isolates from D. barbatus formerly classified as F. redolens and (vi), (vii) and (viii), three further recently described races of F. oxysporum f.sp. dianthi. Isolate groups derived from analysis of RFLPs were consistent with existing and recently described vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) in F. oxysporum f.sp. dianthi , but not in all cases with races. Isolates of F. oxysporum and F. proliferatum not associated with wilt disease had simpler RFLP patterns (with one exception) that were not associated with VCGs. 相似文献
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安徽省水稻品种对水稻白叶枯病的抗性及白叶枯病小种鉴定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为明确安徽省白叶枯病菌小种组成及常用、备用品种对该病的抗性,用白叶枯病强毒性小种FuJ和YN24、中等致病力的安徽省优势小种AH以及弱致病小种YN7对安徽省常用及备用水稻品种进行人工接种鉴定;用鉴别品种IRBB5、IRBB13、IRBB3、IRBB14、IRBB2、R24对安徽的白叶枯病菌株进行鉴定.结果表明,有3.5%的品种抗FuJ,15.4%的品种抗YN24,29.8%的品种抗AH;安徽省白叶枯病菌小种有R2、R5和R8,其中R5为优势小种.抗AH的品种可以用于安徽的水稻生产;生产中应防止FuJ和YN24等毒性强的菌株传入. 相似文献
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Takashi OKU Kotaro SATO Masaki KURAO Shohei MATSUURA Yasufumi SAKAI Takao TSUCHIYA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2000,66(4):332-334
The pathogenic race of 59 cultures of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, a pathogen of bacterial leaf blight of rice, isolated from six locations in the inland mountainous area of Hiroshima Prefecture
in 1999, were determined by a set of traditional differentials. Four races—I, II, V and VII—were found across the area; however,
we noticed the composition of the races as well as the dominant race in each location different. All races were avirulent
on differential cultivar Te-tep. Races V and VII were new to Hiroshima. The rice cultivars infected with bacterial leaf blight
in Hiroshima are thought to be grouped into the Kinmaze group, which does not have any resistance genes. Apparently, a variety
of races occurred unexpectedly on the cultivars contrary to stabilizing selection theory.
Received 25 February 2000/ Accepted in revised form 13 July 2000 相似文献