用RT-PCR方法检测猪瘟细胞苗中污染牛病毒性腹泻病毒

参考GenBank中牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)和猪瘟兔化弱毒病毒(HCLV)序列,设计和建立了一种PCR检测方法,通过试验证明,所建方法能够对HCLV和BVDV进行鉴别诊断;用此方法对23个批次的猪瘟细胞苗进行检测,发现有5批疫苗污染BVDV,均为BVDV I型,污染率为21.74%。测定序列与BVDV Oregon C24V株(AF091605)的核苷酸相似性为83.2%~83.5%,与NADL株(M31182)的核苷酸相似性为86.4%~86.7%。     

猪瘟疫苗中牛病毒性腹泻病毒2型的检测

为对上海某猪场送检的一份猪瘟疫苗进行牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)检测,本研究将猪瘟疫苗样品接种于MDBK细胞,盲传15代后仍无致细胞病变效应,但间接免疫荧光试验表明接种该疫苗后的MDBK细胞能够被单克隆抗体BZ-53(BVDV-2)识别。采用BVDV-1和BVDV-2的5’-UTR的通用检测引物和针对BVDV E2的引物,对样品RNA进行RT-PCR检测,结果显示,样品能够扩增出约288 bp的BVDV特异性片段;此外,5’-UTR和E2基因片段的测序分析结果表明分离株属于BVDV-2,并且其E2基因与牛源XJ-04株(BVDV-2)的E2基因同源性最高(92.3%),而与猪源ZM-95株(BVDV-1)的E2基因同源性较低(64.5%)。由此证明,该猪瘟疫苗中的确污染有一株BVDV-2株。     

应用套式RT—PCR检测猪瘟制品中牛病毒性腹泻病毒污染的研究

为建立猪瘟制品中牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）污染的诊断方法,本研究根据GenBank公布的BVDV全基因组序列,选择BVDV保守性比较高的5′非编码区,利用Olig06．0软件设计了2对特异性引物,建立了检测BVDV的套式RT-PCR方法。该方法极大提高了常规RT-PCR检测方法的特异性和敏感性,重复性好、特异性强、敏感性高,可以准确快速检测出极低含量的BVDV,为动物与疫苗生物制品原辅料中BVDV的快速低含量检测提供了一种简单、特异、敏感、快速的检测方法。     

Fluorogenic RT-PCR assay (TaqMan) for detection and classification of bovine viral diarrhea virus

A single tube fluorogenic RT-PCR-based 'TaqMan' assay was developed for detection and classification of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). TaqMan-PCR was optimized to quantify BVD virus using the ABI PRISM 7700 sequence detection system and dual-labeled fluorogenic probes. Two different gene specific labeled fluorogenic probes for the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) were used to differentiate between BVD types I and II. Sensitivity of the single tube TaqMan assay was compared with two-tube TaqMan assay and standard RT-PCR using 10-fold dilutions of RNA. Single tube TaqMan assay was 10-100-fold more sensitive than the two-tube TaqMan assay and the standardized single tube RT-PCR. Specificity of the assay was evaluated by testing different BVD virus strains and other bovine viruses. A total of 106 BVD positive and negative pooled or single serum samples, field isolates and reference strains were tested. Quantitation of cRNA from types I and II BVD virus was accomplished by a standard curve plotting cycle threshold values (C(T)) versus copy number. Single tube TaqMan-PCR assay was sensitive, specific and rapid for detection, quantitation and classification of BVD virus.     

猪瘟病毒荧光RT-PCR快速检测方法的建立

以猪瘟病毒5＇端非编码区为靶核酸序列设计引物和探针，建立了一步法荧光RT-PCR检测猪瘟病毒。荧光RT-PCR仅检测出猪瘟C株、T株，未能检测出牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）、猪呼吸系统冠状病毒、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒、猪细小病毒、伪狂犬病病毒、猪生殖与呼吸综合征病毒、PK-15细胞和牛睾丸原代细胞；对猪瘟病毒T株的扩增反应产物进行了测序分析，与预期序列相符。荧光RT-PCR的检测极限可达到1 TCID50／mL，整个试验流程只需2h。采用荧光RT-PCR和抗原捕获ELISA同时检测临床病料、猪副产品共207份样本，两种方法的检出率分别为17．4％和13．5％，两者符合率为95．7％（198／207）；荧光RT-PCR的检出率高于ELISA，两者差异显著。结果表明，建立的荧光RT-PCR可用于猪产品、临床病料中猪瘟病毒的快速检测。     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒和牛轮状病毒TaqMan二重实时荧光RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）5′端非编码区和牛轮状病毒（BRV）VP6基因序列,设计特异性引物和探针。通过对引物和探针浓度、Mg2＋浓度、dNTP浓度和Taq酶用量以及反应条件等因素的优化筛选,建立了能同时鉴别BVDV和BRV的二重荧光RT-PCR方法。该方法特异性好,与其他病原如CSFV、MB和IBRV不发生交叉反应;敏感性高,能够检测100个BVDV RNA和100个BRV RNA;稳定性好,批内重复和批间重复变异系数小;干扰性试验表明该方法能同时检测2个模板的不同浓度组合。本研究建立的二重荧光RT-PCR方法可用于BVDV和BRV检测,具有特异、敏感、快速、稳定等优点,是BVDV和BRV基础研究、流行病学调查和临床检测的良好工具。     

Evaluation of a multiplex real-time RT-PCR for quantitative and differential detection of wild-type viruses and C-strain vaccine of Classical swine fever virus

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is the causative agent of classical swine fever (CSF), one of OIE listed diseases. Most of the currently available detection methods do not allow discrimination between wild-type CSF viruses and the vaccine strains. This study was designed to develop a multiplex real-time RT-PCR for the quantitative and differential detection of wild-type viruses and C-strain vaccine widely used in China. CSFV specific primers and two differently labeled TaqMan probes for the differentiation of wild-type viruses from C-strain vaccine were designed in the 5'-untranslated region of the viral genome of CSFV. The two TaqMan probes specifically hybridize wild-type viruses of different subgroups and C-strain vaccine, respectively, in the multiplex real-time RT-PCR, with no cross-reaction to a number of non-CSFV porcine viruses. The sensitivity of the assay for detecting wild-type and C-strain-type vaccine viruses was determined to be 41.8 and 81.5copies/microL viral RNA, respectively. Completely correct differentiation of wild-type viruses from C-strain vaccine was achieved when testing reference strains and characterized field isolates of CSFV in China. The multiplex real-time RT-PCR was able to detect the viral RNA in the whole blood samples of experimentally infected pigs as early as 2 days post-infection, 3 to 4 days prior to the onset of clinical signs in co-housed pigs. The agreements between the multiplex real-time RT-PCR and a multiplex RT-nested PCR for detection of wild-type and C-strain-type viruses were 96.9% and 100%, respectively, when detecting 106 different field samples. There is a positive correlation between the titers of C-strain vaccines titrated in rabbits and RNA copies quantitated by the multiplex real-time RT-PCR. The novel assay described here is rapid and sensitive, and is useful for differentiating field strains and C-strain of CSFV in China.     

检测猪瘟病毒野毒株胶体金免疫层析方法的建立

为建立快速、简便检测猪瘟病毒(CSFV)野毒的胶体金免疫层析方法(GICA),本研究采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒,标记纯化的抗CSFVE2蛋白的单克隆抗体(MAb)6E10作为捕捉抗体,将纯化的抗CSFVE2蛋白的MAbHQ06和兔抗鼠IgG抗体包被在硝酸纤维素膜上,分别作为检测线和质控线,优化反应条件,组装成胶体金免疫层析试纸条。结果表明,所制备的试纸条用于检测CSFV野毒感染的PK-15细胞培养物,在检测线和质控线处均呈现红色条带,健康PK-15细胞培养物对照仅在质控线呈现红色条带;试纸条检出病毒培养物的最低限为103.5 TCID50;用不同批次的试纸条重复检测,结果无差异;该试纸条不与猪瘟兔化弱毒(HCLV)、牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)、猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪轮状病毒(PRV)、伪狂犬病病毒(PrV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)和猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)反应。所制备的试纸条具有良好的特异性、敏感性和重复性,初步达到了区分检测CSFV野毒株和弱毒株的目的。     

用荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测猪瘟病毒

为了建立能特异检测不同基因型猪瘟病毒(Classical swine fever virus,CSFV),同时又能区分其他瘟病毒的基因检测方法,本实验针对CSFV基因组5′端非编码区设计并合成了简并引物和TaqMan探针,在优化反应条件的基础上,成功地建立了特异检测CSFV的荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法。再以已知滴度的CSFV石门株血毒总RNA反转录产物建立标准品,该标准品可以用于定量临床样品中的CSFV滴度,所建立的荧光定量PCR方法可以灵敏地检测出10~(-0.82)个TCID_(50)病毒含量。最后用建立的方法对108份临床样品进行检测并同时进行病毒分离,荧光定量PCR方法检测出73份阳性样品且与病毒分离的符合率为100%,而常规RT-PCR只检测出54份阳性样品,表明本荧光定量RT-PCR法在检测猪瘟病料上具有潜在的应用价值。     

BVDV一步法双重荧光RT-PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为实现对牛病毒性腹泻病毒(bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV)的快速检测和分型,本试验根据GenBank已发表的BVDV1和BVDV2 5′UTR基因特异性保守区域设计特异性引物和探针,以体外转录病毒RNA作为模板,建立了BVDV1和BVDV2一步法双重荧光RT-PCR方法。结果显示,双重荧光RT-PCR对BVDV1和BVDV2的检测下限均为102拷贝;具有较强的特异性,对口蹄疫病毒、猪瘟病毒、Hobi样病毒、牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒、施马伦贝格病毒等病毒核酸的扩增均为阴性;BVDV1和BVDV2的扩增均在102~107拷贝内呈现良好的线性关系,标准曲线的相关系数(R2)分别为0.999和0.998;方法重复性好,BVDV1和BVDV2的变异系数(CV值)分别在0.68%~1.87%和1.25%~1.90%。本试验对665份样品进行检测,共检出BVDV阳性样品45份,其中BVDV1阳性样品39份,BVDV2阳性样品5份,BVDV1和BVDV2均阳性样品1份。结果表明,本试验建立的BVDV一步法双重荧光RTPCR方法敏感性高、特异性强、重复性好,可广泛应用于BVDV的快速检测、分型和流行病学调查。     

RT-PCR快速检测牛病毒性腹泻病毒方法的建立与应用

根据已发表的牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）5＇-UTR序列,设计1对特异性引物,建立了快速检测BVDV的RT-PCR方法。利用该方法能从BVDV中扩增出196bp特异性目的片段。应用此方法检测了26份疑似病例临床样品,14份为阳性。试验表明,该方法特异性强、敏感性好,能检测到1pg的病毒RNA,是一种快速准确的检测方法。     

基因2型牛病毒性腹泻病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立和初步应用

根据已发表的牛病毒性腹泻病毒基因1型(BVDV-1)和2型(BVDV-2)5非编码区(5-UTR)的序列,分别设计了针对BVDV-1型、BVDV-2型以及针对BVDV-1和BVDV-2两型的特异性引物和通用引物,以标准参考株BVDV-1 NADL株和BVDV-2890 株为对照,建立了分别能检测BVDV-1、BVDV-2和BVDV-1/BVDV-2的RT-PCR 检测方法.在此基础上,进一步对疑似BVDV-2感染牛的临床病料组织(脾、淋巴结、心肌、血液等)检测结果表明,在所检测的18份样品中,BVDV-2阳性8份(44%).经RT-PCR鉴定为阳性的组织病料,进一步通过MDBK 细胞进行病毒分离,病毒分离率为100%;结合感染细胞病变观察,间接免疫荧光试验RT-PCR和序列测定鉴定,所分离的病毒均为BVDV-2.上述研究表明,该RT-PCR检测方法敏感、特异;并证实我国牛群已存在BVDV-2的污染或感染.     

猪瘟病毒和猪流行性腹泻病毒双重RT-PCR方法的建立

本研究根据GenBank中发表的猪瘟病毒(CSFV)和猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的基因组序列,设计筛选出两对用于双重RT-PCR反应的特异性引物,通过对特异性、灵敏性和稳定性等试验,建立了检测猪流行性腹泻病毒和猪瘟病毒的双重RT-PCR核酸检测技术。利用建立的CSFV-PEDV双重RT-PCR核酸检测技术,对某规模化猪场病料进行检测,结果表明,扩增出大小约311 bp和501 bp大小的特异性条带,为猪瘟与猪流行性腹泻病毒混合感染。建立的CSFVPEDV双重RT-PCR核酸检测技术具有良好的特异性、灵敏性和稳定性,该方法的建立为CSFV和PEDV的快速诊断、疫情监测及流行病学研究奠定了基础。     

猪瘟病毒野毒株RT-LAMP可视化检测方法的建立

本研究旨在建立一种可视化检测猪瘟病毒(CSFV)野毒株的反转录.环介导等温扩增方法(RT-LAMP).根据CSFV的NS5B基因序列设计一套RT-LAMP引物,以样品的cDNA为模板,利用Bsf DNA聚合酶,在62℃恒温条件下进行扩增,扩增产物中加入sYBR Green I染料直接或在紫外光下观察判定扩增结果.该方法可检测出不同基因型的CSFV厂野毒株,其检出极限为2.5 TCID_(50)的CSFV,与实时荧光定量RT.PCR方法的敏感性相当;特异性试验表明,该方法对猪瘟免化弱毒疫苗株(HCLV)、牛病毒性腹泻病毒以及其它常见猪源病毒均无扩增反应;通过对126份不同样品进行检测比较,该方法与实时荧光定量RT-LAMP检测方法的符合率达100%.与引物.探针能量转移PCR方法的符合率为98.4%.该方法无需特殊仪器,是一种适用于基层的快速、简便的CSFV野毒鉴别检测方法.     

猪捷申病毒TaqMan实时定量RT-PCR方法的建立

为建立猪捷申病毒(PTV)的早期检测及定量分析方法,本研究基于PTV 11个血清型基因组5′端非编码区保守序列,设计引物和TaqMan探针,建立了检测PTV的TaqMan实时定量RT-PCR方法.应用该方法对PTV、猪细小病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒、猪圆环病毒2型、猪伪狂犬病毒以及猪瘟病毒进行特异性试验,结果除PTV为阳性外其它均为阴性;针对PTV最低可检测到10个拷贝;批内、批间重复试验的变异系数均小于3％.应用建立的方法与病毒分离方法分别对91份临床样品进行检测,检出率分别为79.12％和57.14％,两者的符合率是78.02％.经临床应用表明,该实时定量RT-PCR方法可为PTV的早期诊断及定量分析提供技术手段.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒和牛病毒性腹泻病毒双重RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)5'端非编码区基因序列,设计合成了1对特异性引物,参考本实验室针对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)N蛋白设计的引物,经过PCR反应条件的优化,建立了BVDV和PRRSV双重RT-PCR的检测方法。对于PRRSV和BVDV的cDNA最低检测量分别为3.8×10-4 ng和7×10-4 ng,对于猪瘟病毒(CFSV)、脑心肌炎病毒(EMCV)和猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)的PCR扩增结果均为阴性;用该方法对江苏省不同地区采集的75份仔猪的肺脏、脾脏和淋巴结等病料进行了检测,结果PRRSV有55份阳性,BVDV有14份阳性,PRRSV和BVDV混合感染的有12份,与PRRSV和BVDV单一RT-PCR的检测结果符合率分别为89.3%和92%。证明建立的双重RT-PCR检测方法可用于临床样品中BVDV和PRRSV的检测。     

Evaluation of real-time RT-PCR assay for the routine intra vitam diagnosis of classical swine fever

The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic quality of the real-time RT-PCR assay described by Hoffmann et al. [Hoffmann, B., Beer, M., Schelp, C., Schirrmeier, H., Depner, K., 2005. Validation of a real-time RT-PCR assay for sensitive and specific detection of classical swine fever. J. Virol. Methods 130, 36-44] for the routine intra vitam diagnosis of classical swine fever (CSF). We compared the assay with conventional diagnostic methods by using defined diagnostic material from an animal experiment with pigs showing different clinical forms of CSF. Compared to virus isolation and antigen ELISA an enhanced sensitivity of the real-time RT-PCR could be shown. We were able to detect all infected pigs regardless of the clinical course of CSF. CSF infection was detected already during the incubation period, during the entire clinical phase as well as at the beginning of convalescence when the first antibodies were detected and no virus could be isolated any more. In most cases, positive PCR results were obtained 2 days earlier than with virus isolation and 2-4 days earlier than with the antigen ELISA.     

实时荧光RT-PCR快速检测猪源性食品中猪瘟病毒的研究

为快速检测食品中的猪瘟病毒(CSFV),本研究参照GenBank中登录的CSFV序列,设计引物及特异性TaqMan探针,利用实时荧光PCR技术,以质粒作为阳性标准品,建立特异、敏感、重复性好的CSFV快速定量检测方法.用本方法对几种不同猪源性食品(盐渍肠衣、鲜肉和腌肉)中的CSFV进行检测,结果显示该方法比普通RT-PCR具有更高的敏感性.本研究表明,该实时荧光RT-PCR能用于猪源性食品中的CSFV检测.为快速、准确检测动物源性食品中CSFV提供一条新途径.