共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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半干旱地区整地与造林的关系研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对辽西半干旱地区造林地采取雨前整地 ,改善土壤小气候 ,提高土壤水分含量和造林苗木根系生长空间以及间接影响土壤养分状况和加强造林地的空气对流等 ,进而达到提高半干旱地区针叶树的造林成活率 ,促进幼树生长 相似文献
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黄土丘陵半干旱区柠条锦鸡儿人工林对土壤水分的影响 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
为了解覆被变化对土壤水分的影响,采用中子水分仪同步定位观测多年撂荒地转变为人工柠条锦鸡儿林地前后2种覆被类型的土壤剖面水分动态变化,并对测定资料进行量化分析。结果表明:荒地造林后,除丰水年林地剖面土壤含水量和储水量增加,表现为对土壤水分的正效应外,其他年份均表现为对土壤水分的负效应。随林龄增加,柠条锦鸡儿林对土壤水分影响程度逐渐增强,林地土壤含水量和储水量下降幅度加大。由于林地土壤水分主要依靠穿过林冠的天然降水来补充,为了实现森林植被和土壤水资源的可持续发展,防止深层土壤干层形成,造林后第5年就需采取适当措施控制柠条锦鸡儿生长,以减少土壤水分消耗。 相似文献
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采用深穴整地、穴底植苗、草灌覆盖的造林新方法,可有效地保持土壤水分,土壤含水率超过了水平梯田整地常规植苗造林的林地;造林2a后落叶松保存率达95.6%,常规造林仅为52.4%,对提高干旱地区落叶松造林成活率有显著作用;落叶松幼树高度和当年生长量均比常规植苗造林的高。 相似文献
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祁连山北坡退化水源涵养林生态修复模式研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
祁连山水源涵养林对西北干旱区降水调节、涵养水源、保持水土、改善气候发挥着重要作用。通过对祁连山北坡不同类型林地进行调查研究,结果表明:毁林耕种致使中山区的90%水源涵养林林缘都受到破坏,10%的森林中有面积超过30m×30m的较大林窗。采用坡地鱼鳞坑和坡脚水平沟营造青海云杉和祁连圆柏,形成坡面流水收集,坡底沟缘"锁"边的水源涵养林恢复体系。鱼鳞坑增加表层土壤蓄水力,水平沟则增加了20~40cm土层含水量,而林窗的土壤受干扰则增加了40cm土层含水量。人工造林增加了植被盖度,提高了土壤蓄水量,减少水土流失,增加水源涵养能力。根据立地类型,将封山育林、造林和水土保持工程结合是有效的退化涵养林恢复措施。 相似文献
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依托中日合作第二期黄河中游流域防护林建设项目,以昕水河流域的典型地区吉县、大宁、蒲县、隰县4个县为试验点,运用三分式径流增肥整地技术对该地区土壤理化性质、蓄水能力展开了试验研究,结果表明:土壤孔隙状况得到明显改善,10 cm~60 cm土层总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度平均提高了6.4%~7.8%和8.8%~11.2%,特别是0 cm~30 cm土层,与对照相比,孔隙状况得到极大改善;4种三分式径流增肥整地方式0 cm~40 cm土层的有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾及水解氮、有效磷、速效钾均有较大提高,与对照相比分别提高了57.1%,21.21%,17.0%,3.2%,38.1%,51.1%和22.5%;水平沟整地秋季、春季土壤含水率分别比对照高1.1%和1.3%,相对提高了5.7%和13.7%.鱼鳞坑整地秋季、春季土壤含水率分别比对照高1.1%和2.4%,相对提高了5.5%和26.4%.在最干旱的6月份,水平沟整地和鱼鳞坑整地平均土壤含水率分别提高了2.5%和2.4%,相对提高了35.7%和37.5%. 相似文献
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为探讨西宁市南北山典型造林树种的土壤水分特征,揭示不同树种对土壤水分的影响程度,
选取西宁市南北山绿化工程区为典型造林树种为研究对象,以天然草地作为对照,通过采集土壤样
品,并测定其含水率及物理性质,分析不同造林树种下的土壤水分变化特征。结果表明,不同植被
类型条件下土壤含水率大小依次为天然草地(15.40%) >人工灌丛( 14.19%) >人工油松林
(13.01%) >人工云杉林(12.16%) >人工杨树林(11.77%),土壤物理性质表现为人工杨树林>人工
油松林>人工云杉林,且0~100 cm 土层内土壤水分随林龄、林分结构及立地条件改变而存在差异,
并出现土壤水分亏缺现象。根据西宁市南北山不同植被类型条件下土壤水分变化特征,采取合理
的乔灌草搭配模式进行人工造林是维持土壤水分平衡的关键。 相似文献
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Y. M. Bukhari 《Agroforestry Systems》1998,42(1):33-43
Acacia seyal is an important component of the agrosilvopastoral systems of the Sahelian zone of Africa. The relationships
between lateral spreading of the tree roots and the establishment of the understorey vegetation are, however, little understood.
The effect of the tree roots on soil bulk density, soil moisture content and understorey vegetation was studied in the Central
Clay Plains of the Sudan. Three study sites were included: a forest, a-two-year-old logged-over area and a-one-year-old abandoned
farm, and these sites were distributed over three different geographical locations. Roots of trees, tree seedlings and annual
herbs were concentrated in the top 70 cm of soil, possibly due to compacted soil and the confinement of rain water in this
layer. Soil bulk density at the 60 to90 cm layer was high in forest, low in logged-over and intermediate in farm. Soil moisture
content varied in the reverse order. The low soil moisture content and the high soil bulk density reduced seedling survival.
Abundant Acacia seyal seeds germinated and grew during the rainy season. During the first dry season, however, 86% of seedlings
of forest died, whereas only 11% of logged-over and 14% of farm died; canopy shading did not seem to affect seedling survival.
Tree seedlings and agricultural crops are not able to compete with the A. seyal trees for soil resources but appear to benefit
from the ameliorated soil texture, structure and fertility following tree felling.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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YuXinxiao NiuJianzhi XuJunliang 《中国林学(英文版)》2004,6(3):28-35
The paper provides a systematical analysis of ecological restoration effects of natural secondary forest of closurearea in Chao Guanxi Gou, Miyun County, Beijing. The results indicate that through more than twenty years of hillclosing afforestation since 1983, canopy closure has improved almost by 0.2; forest cover rate has raised from 7.2% to 93.8%; biodiversity, tree biomass and vegetation community have increased to a great extent. Compared with the average canopy closure before hillclosing afforestation in this area, it has improved to over 0.4 in average and increased by 0.1-0.2. The forest coverage degree has reached more than 90%. Consequently, the forest plays more important roles in intercepting precipitation, improving water storage capacity of soil, decreasing the surface runoff, and preventing soil and water loss. 相似文献
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3种整地方式下尾巨桉林分生物量动态及其与土壤水分的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对3种整地方式下的尾巨桉林分生长和林地土壤水分进行了监测,通过分析各林地的林分单株平均生物量及林地土壤水分的变化,探讨二者的相互关系,以期为合理评估整地对尾巨桉林分生长和水分利用效率的影响提供科学依据。研究结果表明:随着林龄的增长,3种整地方式下尾巨桉林分单株总生物量和各器官生物量均呈增加趋势,其树干和树根所占比例逐渐增加,而树枝和树叶所占比例呈减小趋势。在幼龄期(16个月之前),全垦条件下的尾巨桉林分生长量最大,18个月后带垦的林分生长量最大;3种整地方式下的尾巨桉林地土壤水分的季节变化格局相似,与天然降水分布基本保持一致。3种整地方式中穴垦尾巨桉林地土壤有较高含水率且显著大于全垦和带垦的(P<0.05),全垦与带垦之间差异不显著;3种整地方式下尾巨桉林分单株平均生物量与耗水量之间均呈显著正相关,利用3块林分单株平均生长量及对应时间的耗水量得到了尾巨桉林分单株生长量与林分耗水量的拟合方程。 相似文献
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采用EM 50土壤水分测定系统,对4种不同整地规格的土壤含水量进行连续监测。以整地成本、土壤平均含水量、造林成活率、林木生长量为指标,综合分析不同整地规格的效果。结果表明,4种整地规格中,2 m×1 m×0.5 m(G2)规格的土壤平均含水量最低,整地成本最高。由于太行山北段土壤干旱瘠薄,造林困难,整地时优先选取0.8 m×0.6 m×0.4 m(G0.8),0.6 m×0.5 m×0.4 m(G0.6)这两种规格。 相似文献