我国多杀性巴氏杆菌血清型综述

多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocida)又称出血性败血病巴氏杆菌。它可感染猪、马、羊、家禽、家兔及多种野生动物或野禽,发病后,在我国称为猪肺疫,牛出血性败血症及禽霍乱等,在学术上统称为多杀性巴氏杆菌病(Pasteurellosis),由于多杀性巴氏杆菌的血清型不同,其生物学特性差异很大,主要表现在毒力及流行病学方面,按流行病学特性,主要分为以下几类。     

猪源多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定及其荚膜血清型鉴定

从病死母猪肺脏中分离到一株革兰氏阴性小杆菌,用生理生化鉴定、药敏试验、致病性试验和PCR鉴定方法对分离菌株进行鉴定,并用多杀性巴氏杆菌荚膜分型引物对分离株的荚膜血清型进行鉴定。结果表明:本菌为猪多杀性巴氏杆菌,对多种抗生素高度敏感,对小白鼠有强致病性;PCR扩增16SrDNA基因获得1415bp片段,分离株的16SrDNA核苷酸序列与多杀性巴氏杆菌(AY078999)的同源性为99%,因此该分离菌株被鉴定为致病性巴氏杆菌,命名为YN20110122株;本菌分离株为荚膜A型血清型多杀性巴氏杆菌。     

天津地区禽多杀性巴氏杆菌分离株血清型鉴定

通过Ｃａｒｔｅｒ氏荚膜型鉴定方法和琼脂扩散试验,对天津地区禽多杀性巴氏杆菌血清型进行鉴定。结果１６株分离菌中１１株为Ａ：１（４）,４株为Ａ：１（３,４）,１株为－：１（４）表明引起天津地区禽霍乱的致病菌与国内报道的以Ａ：１型为主有一定的差异。     

猪多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定及毒素检测

多杀性巴氏杆菌(pasteurella multocida，Pm)在世界各地分布非常广泛，在畜禽中带菌率较高，有资料指出，猪的鼻道深处和喉头内，带菌率为30．9％。多杀性巴氏杆菌按荚膜的不同可分为A、B、C、D和E5个血清型，其中A、B和D型已在猪中发现；多杀性巴氏杆菌还有16个体细胞血清型，在猪中检测到的有血清3型与5型，     

猪多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离与鉴定

从黑龙江省某猪场发生的以呼吸道症状为特征的病死猪脏器中分离到3株细菌,通过触片镜检、细菌分离培养、常规生化试验和小鼠致病性试验等对该菌进行了初步鉴定,并进行了药敏试验检测。结果表明,分离菌为多杀性巴氏杆菌,对氟哌酸、丁胺卡那霉素、庆大霉素、红霉素、氯霉素敏感。     

猪源荚膜血清F型多杀性巴氏杆菌分离鉴定

本研究对从病死猪肺脏分离出的1株菌株,经菌落形态观察、培养特性、生化反应、药敏试验、动物致病性试验,并采用PCR对该分离菌株进行菌种及荚膜血清型鉴定。结果显示,该分离菌株为较少见的荚膜血清F型多杀性巴氏杆菌,对小鼠有较强致病性,且对不同药物的敏感性不同,为指导临床科学用药提供依据。     

猪多杀性巴氏杆菌病病原的分离与鉴定

无菌采取病死猪的心、肝、脾、肺、肾等8份病料,进行细菌的常规分离培养与鉴定。结果:分离出多杀性巴氏杆菌,结合流行病学资料分析、临床症状、病理变化和实验室诊断,确诊为猪巴氏杆菌病。     

羔羊多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定

应用实验室细菌学分离技术，从以咳嗽、呼吸等临床症状为主要特征的，死亡羔羊的肺、肝、脾、肾等组织中分离到一株病原菌。经细菌形态和培养特性观察，染色镜检，生化实验，结合临床症状及流行病学特点，确定该病原分离株为多杀性巴氏杆菌。     

三株鸭源荚膜A型多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离与鉴定

从疑似禽霍乱死亡鸭分离到3株细菌,经PCR法鉴定为荚膜A型多杀性巴氏杆菌,纸片法进行药物敏感试验,发现3株细菌同时敏感的药物有恩诺沙星、多黏菌素B、复方新诺明和头孢唑啉,3株细菌同时耐受的药物有链霉素、四环素、克林霉素和青霉素。本研究结果可为禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌的血清流行病学和禽霍乱的临床治疗提供参考。     

猪多杀性巴氏杆菌病病原的分离与鉴定

猪巴氏杆菌病也称“猪肺疫”、“锁喉风”和“肿脖子病”等，是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的猪的一种急性、散发性的热性传染病。随着我国养猪业的不断发展，多杀性巴氏杆菌感染的危害性日益表现出来，本病一年四季均可发生，尤其是在冬春寒冷、夏秋季闷热潮湿、下雨时温差大、运输产仔等应激情况下，会使抵抗力下降，病菌侵入机体而发病，它是养猪业中常见疾病之一，     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离与鉴定

从广东地区发病猪场的病料中,分离到1株致Marc-145细胞病变的病毒ShB6。扩增猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)主要结构蛋白基因ORF2-ORF7并进行序列分析,结果表明,该分离株与国内PRRSV分离株HB-1(sh)/2002的同源性为96.9%;与ATCC VR-2332株的同源性为91%;而与Lelystad株的同源性仅为59.8%;用美洲型PRRSV单抗进行免疫组化染色,结果显示在细胞病变处呈现明显的阳性着色(为棕黄色)。综合可见,所分离的病毒为美洲型PRRSV。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒变异株分离鉴定及遗传变异分析

从临床"高热综合征"病例分离到1株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syn-drome,PRRSV),经分离培养、血清学鉴定和分子病毒学鉴定,确定为美洲型猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒,并命名为DZ0908。设计了针对病毒Nsp2基因和GP5基因的引物,扩增出目的基因。通过序列比对进行遗传变异分析,该分离株Nsp2基因序列中第483位和第535~563位氨基酸存在缺失,GP5相对保守,该毒株属于PRRSV变异株,为该病毒的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

10日龄肉鸭混合感染新型鸭肝炎病毒和多杀性巴氏杆菌的病原学研究

对1例疑似鸭肝炎病毒和多杀性巴氏杆菌混合感染的10日龄肉鸭采用常规的病毒、细菌鉴定方法和RT-PCR、PCR方法分别进行病毒、细菌的分离与鉴定。病毒鉴定为新型鸭肝炎病毒,细菌鉴定为荚膜血清A型多杀性巴氏杆菌多杀亚种。细菌对SPF鸡的毒力试验结果显示,分离的巴氏杆菌与强毒标准株C48-1毒力相近,为强毒株。细菌对10日龄肉鸭的致病性回归试验结果表明,一定数量的该株巴氏杆菌可导致10日龄雏鸭的感染死亡。结果表明,该批肉鸭为新型鸭肝炎病毒和A型多杀性巴氏杆菌混合感染。这是国内首例从感染鸭肝炎病毒10日龄雏鸭肝脏中分离到多杀性巴氏杆菌。     

Antiviral effect of dietary germanium biotite supplementation in pigs experimentally infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Germanium biotite (GB) is an aluminosilicate mineral containing 36 ppm germanium. The present study was conducted to better understand the effects of GB on immune responses in a mouse model, and to demonstrate the clearance effects of this mineral against Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in experimentally infected pigs as an initial step towards the development of a feed supplement that would promote immune activity and help prevent diseases. In the mouse model, dietary supplementation with GB enhanced concanavalin A (ConA)-induced lymphocyte proliferation and increased the percentage of CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes. In pigs experimentally infected with PRRSV, viral titers in lungs and lymphoid tissues from the GB-fed group were significantly decreased compared to those of the control group 12 days post-infection. Corresponding histopathological analyses demonstrated that GB-fed pigs displayed less severe pathological changes associated with PRRSV infection compared to the control group, indicating that GB promotes PRRSV clearance. These antiviral effects in pigs may be related to the ability of GB to increase CD3+CD8+ T lymphocyte production observed in the mice. Hence, this mineral may be an effective feed supplement for increasing immune activity and preventing disease.     

Pathogenicity of emerging Japanese type 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in experimentally infected pigs

To clarify the pathogenicity of Japanese type 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolate in experimentally infected pigs, we evaluated clinical signs and monitored viremia for 21 days post-inoculation (dpi). Lungs were mottled, tanned and reddish in appearance; had lesions predominantly in the cranial, middle and accessory lobes; and failed to collapse at 10 dpi. Although microscopic lesions of lungs were reproduced using the Japanese emerging type 1 PRRSV isolate under experimental conditions, no significant differences were noted between the challenge and control groups regarding mean rectal temperature and daily weight gain. These results provide useful insights into the limited pathogenicity of single infection with the Japanese type 1 PRRSV isolate in piglets, which differ from findings in reported field cases.     

羊源D型多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定及毒力基因检测

为了确定石河子地区规模化羊场出现呼吸道症状死亡羊的细菌性病原,采用常规细菌分离鉴定方法、细菌16SrRNA序列分析以及多杀性巴氏杆菌特异性基因kmt,从病变肺组织分离鉴定细菌,利用5个荚膜血清型特异性基因确定其血清型,扩增分离株的16个毒力相关基因,分析分离菌致病性和对常用抗菌药物的耐药性。结果表明,从病羊的病变肺组织中分离鉴定到一株血清D型多杀性巴氏杆菌,具有较强的致病性;携带8个毒力相关基因,其片段序列与NCBI上己公布的多杀性巴氏杆菌参考株同源性在99%以上;分离株对青霉素、林可霉素、庆大霉素、复方新诺明耐药,对其他23种药物敏感。     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒感染仔猪外周血细胞的动态变化

目的是通过检测HP-PRRS仔猪外周血细胞数量,探讨HP-PRRSV致病机制。方法是以HuN4株感染60日龄长白仔猪,应用分子生物学技术、全自动血液分析仪,对感染PRRSV仔猪外周血病毒载量、血细胞数量进行检测。结果显示PRRSV感染仔猪外周血病毒载量超过103copies/mL,WBC显著下降(P<0.05),RBC、HGB、HCT表现出周期性减少和增多(P<0.05),PLT显著下降(P<0.05);相关性分析表明,PRRSV载量对数值与WBC、PLT呈现中度负相关(0.40相似文献   

Experimental reproduction of porcine respiratory disease complex in pigs inoculated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and followed by inoculation with porcine circovirus type 2

The aim of this study was to reproduce severe pneumonic lesions, similar to those during naturally-occurring porcine respiratory disease complex, in pigs dually inoculated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae at 6 weeks of age, followed by inoculation with porcine circovirus type 2 at two weeks after. Time and sequence of infection with three pathogens mirror Asian field conditions. Microscopically, interstitial pneumonia and peribronchiolar lymphoid hyperplasia are considered the most characteristic lung lesions in infected pigs. The results of the present study demonstrate that inoculation of pigs with these three pathogens can lead to severe interstitial pneumonia with peribronchial or peribronchiolar lymphoid hyperplasia and fibrosis.     

Respiratory function and pulmonary lesions in pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Pulmonary dysfunction was evaluated in pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV, isolate VR-2332) and compared to clinical and pathological findings. Infected pigs developed fever, reduced appetite, respiratory distress and dullness at 9 days post-inoculation (dpi). Non-invasive pulmonary function tests using impulse oscillometry and rebreathing of test gases (He, CO) revealed peripheral airway obstruction, reduced lung compliance and reduced lung CO-transfer factor. PRRSV-induced pulmonary dysfunction was most marked at 9–18 dpi and was accompanied by a significantly increased respiratory rate and decreased tidal volume. Expiration was affected more than inspiration. On histopathological examination, multifocal areas of interstitial pneumonia (more severe and extensive at 10 dpi than 21 dpi) were identified as a possible structural basis for reduced lung compliance and gas exchange disturbances.