第3讲 强化地板切削刀具

1 概述 强化木地板为俗称,其学名为浸渍纸层压木质地板.它是以浸渍热固性氨基树脂的耐磨纸和木纹纸及平衡纸分别铺装在刨花板、中密度纤维板、高密度纤维板等人造板基材表面及背面,经热压、分片和加工企口而成的地板.     

不同人造板意杨基材对薄木饰面板浸渍剥离性能的影响

以意杨中密度纤维板(MDF)和意杨刨花板(PB)为基材进行硬枫薄木饰面,研究饰面板加工工艺对2种不同基材的饰面板性能的影响.结果表明,含水率和表面胶合强度测试均能达到国家标准要求;而浸渍剥离强度受热压温度的影响最显著,热压温度越高浸渍剥离值越低,110℃时能达到国标要求.热压温度、热压时间、涂胶量和单位压力是影响2种基材饰面板浸渍剥离的先后因子,且优化工艺基本一致.说明两种不同基材进行薄木饰面的加工工艺对板材浸渍剥离性能的影响不大,在实际生产中可以不考虑意杨MDF和PB基材种类的变化.     

影响三聚氰胺浸渍纸饰面板质量的因素分析

介绍了三聚氰胺浸渍纸饰面中密度纤维板、刨花板生产工艺控制及生产中常见的产品质量缺陷,分析其产生的原因并给出解决措施.     

强化木地板选购与使用常识

强化木地板是指以一层或多层专用纸浸渍热固性氨基树脂，铺装在刨花板、中密度纤维板、高密度纤维板等人造板基材表面。背面加平衡层、正面加耐磨层、经热压而成的地板。     

欧洲人造板工业结构的变化和技术新进展

北欧人造板工业呈现出截然不同的发展趋势.芬兰的桦木胶合板工业仍处于稳定的状态.随着该地区唯一的中密度纤维板厂及若干纤维板和刨花板厂的关闭,人造板的生产能力集中到少数大厂.英国还处在发展刨花板阶段.比利时是欧洲第三大刨花板市场,正加紧发展高技术的刨花板饰面.西德以刨花板质量好、产量高而著称.自1988年它的两个中密度纤维板厂投产后就要改变它进口中密度纤维板的局面.奥地利、瑞士都仍在加强刨花板工业.意大利的刨花板工业自80年代中期以来一直处于困境,尽管如此.又有一条新的连续热压生     

影响强化木地板质量因素的分析

浸渍纸层压木质地板是以一层或多层专用纸浸渍热固性氨基树脂铺装在刨花板、中密度纤维板、高密度纤维板等人造板基材表面,背面加平衡层,正面加耐磨层,经热压而成的地板,俗称强化木地板。强化木地板克服了实木地板受环境温湿度影响易产生变形、翘曲、起拱或离缝的缺点,具有质朴     

戊唑醇处理木质材料的防腐性及抗流失性研究

对经过超临界CO2流体携带戊唑醇防腐剂处理后的杉木、马尾松、中密度纤维板和刨花板的防腐性及戊唑醇防腐剂的抗流失性进行测定。结果表明,杉木、马尾松、中密度纤维板和刨花板经戊唑醇处理后,防腐能力都得到了较大提高,在绵腐卧孔菌或彩绒革盖菌的腐蚀下,杉木、马尾松的质量损失率降到10%以下;中密度纤维板、刨花板的质量损失率降到5%以下;戊唑醇防腐剂的抗流失性较好。     

采用喷幕热压技术提高中纤板和刨花板的热压效率

蒸汽喷蒸热压是近年来研究开发的一种热压新技术,它可以提高中密度纤维板和刨花板的生产效率,保证产品质量,减少能耗,降低成本,在中密度纤维板和刨花板生产中具有广阔的应用前景.     

湿法耐磨层技术在强化木地板生产中的应用

浸渍纸层压木质地板（商品名称为强化木地板）源于欧洲，现流行于欧亚大陆，有蔓延全球之势，由于其所用原料和工艺的不同，其产品档次和性能差异较大，强化木地板是一层或多层专用浸渍纸铺装在刨花板、中密度纤维板、高密度纤维板等人造板基材表面，再在面层加上耐磨层、背面加平衡层浸渍纸，经热压而成的地板。     

人造板木质原料生产基地的探索

我国人造板工业中的刨花板及中密度纤维板起步于20世纪80年代,随着改革开放,发展生产步伐的深入和林业资源的变化情况,刨花板及中密度纤维板在     

UF/PDMI组合胶黏剂在刨花板生产中的应用

采用脲醛树脂(UF)/聚合异氰酸酯(PDMI)组合胶黏剂,以不同的组合配比在较低热压温度(160℃)条件下用高含水率(9.0%)杂木刨花制备刨花板,检测其静曲强度、内结合强度以及2h和24h吸水厚度膨胀率。结果表明:聚合异氰酸酯(PDMI)的引入,可以显著提高刨花板的物理力学性能和耐水性能;将刨花终含水率提高至9.0%可节约刨花干燥能耗达13.0%以上;与脲醛树脂胶黏剂(UF)相比,使用PDMI/UF配比为1∶9的(10.0wt%PDMI)组合胶黏剂可以提高刨花板静曲强度80%,提高内结合强度150%;在不添加防水剂的条件下,可以将板材的2h吸水厚度膨胀率由31.0%提高至21.0%。该研究可为刨花板节能环保生产提供新思路。     

Development of high-performance UF-bonded reed and wheat straw medium-density fiberboard

Urea formaldehyde resin-bonded reed and wheat straw fiberboards were produced from the fibers made under different steam cooking conditions in refining processes at densities of 500 and 700kg/m³. The effect of steam cooking conditions on the board properties was examined. The steam pressure and cooking time for reed and wheat straws were 0.4MPa/10min and 0.4MPa/5min, respectively, and 0.6MPa/3min and 0.6MPa/10min for both straws. The effect of steam cooking treatment before the fiber refining process on the wettability and weight losses of the straws was also investigated. The results indicated that the mechanical properties and linear expansion of the straw medium-density fiberboard (MDF) were improved with increasing steam cooking pressure and time during the refining process, whereas the thickness swelling (TS) did not vary much. The wettability of the straws was improved by cooking treatment. The steam cooking conditions had little effect on the wettability of the straw surfaces. For reed and wheat straws, the weight losses increased with increasing steam pressure and cooking time. In addition, it was found that the properties of MDF were significantly higher than those of particleboard, especially the internal bond (IB), where the IB values of MDF were more than 10 times higher than those of particleboard. All the properties of the straw MDF, except the TS of wheat board, can meet the requirement of JIS fiberboard standard. The high performances of MDF could be due to the improved wettability and the removal of extractives during the refining process.     

制造工艺因素对刨花板吸水厚度膨胀率的影响

结合众多实验结果，讨论了刨花板制造工艺中12个主要因素－热压温度、热压时间、热压压力、板的密度、刨花含水率、施胶量、施蜡量、胶剂种类、刨花形态、刨花原料种类、刨花预处理、成板的二次压制处理对刨花板吸水厚度膨胀率的影响。结果表明，降低刨花板的24h吸水厚度膨胀率要通过降低其不可逆厚度膨胀率获得，而降低不可逆厚度膨胀率的实质是尽量以非膨胀功耗能释放内应力，减少粘弹性变形和胶接点破坏。研究还表明，上述12个制板要素中，除施蜡量外，都对不可逆厚度膨胀率有很大的影响，因此选择合理的制板工艺因素对刨花板的尺寸稳定性很重要。     

Dimensional stability of MDF panels produced from fibres treated with maleated polypropylene wax

Medium-density fibreboard (MDF) was produced from fibres treated with maleated polypropylene wax. The objectives of this study were to improve the dimensional stability of MDF panels by this treatment; to observe the maleated polypropylene wax distribution within the MDF panels using conventional fluorescence microscopy; and to determine the effects of the treatment on the mechanical properties and vertical density profile of the panels. MDF panels were produced from two resin types (urea-formaldehyde and melamine-urea-formaldehyde) and three maleated polypropylene wax contents (0, 3 and 5%). Photomicrographs show that maleated polypropylene wax forms agglomerates within the MDF panels which is an evidence of its poor distribution in our experimental conditions. Our results show an important reduction on thickness swelling and water absorption after water soaking for panels produced from treated fibres. Linear expansion and contraction in adsorption and desorption conditions between 80 and 50% relative humidity increased following fibre treatment. However, thickness swelling and shrinkage in similar conditions showed an important reduction following fibre treatment. The fibre treatment did not have negative effects on the mechanical properties or the vertical density profile of MDF panels. The modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity in bending were increased by the treatment independently of maleated polypropylene wax content. The internal bond strength increased following the addition of 5% maleated polypropylene wax content.     

Effect of board density on bending properties and dimensional stabilities of MDF-reinforced corrugated particleboard

We investigated the bending properties of composite boards produced by reinforcing both sides of corrugated particleboard with medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Thickness swelling and linear expansion (LE) were measured to assess the dimensional stabilities of the composite board. Although the apparent density of the composite board was 0.48g/cm³, its strength was found to be equivalent to that of 18-type particleboard as described in JIS A 5908. The boards parallel/perpendicular anisotropy in strength was 0.9. The modulus of rupture (MOR) of the composite board increased with board density only up to a certain density, beyond which the MOR was constant. On the other hand, the thickness swelling of both corrugated particleboard and the composite board was smaller than that of flat-type particleboard, satisfying the JIS A 5908 standard of 12%. Linear expansion (soaking in water of ordinary temperature for 24h) of corrugated particleboard was 0.7%–0.9% in the parallel direction and 2.1%–3.1% in the perpendicular direction; hence, anisotropy in linear expansion existed in the corrugated particleboard. The linear expansion of the composite board was 0.6%–0.9% in the parallel direction and 1.8%–2.5% in the perpendicular direction. Although the LE of the composite board was lower than that of corrugated particleboard, it is necessary to improve the LE of composite board for practical use.     

Influence of Raw Material and Mat-forming on Physical-mechanical Properties of Panels

China is one of the major production countries forwood-based panel products, and its production wasranked in the second place in the world in 2003. Onthe other hand, however, China is also a country withshortage of forest resources. As the main raw material,wood supply is becoming a serious problem with thefast growing of panel production. Fortunately, thereare plenty of agricultural residues in China, and thisgives the possibility to use agri-based fibers instead ofwood. Many wood-based pane…     

Utilization of sweet sorghum bagasse and citric acid for manufacturing of particleboard II: influences of pressing temperature and time on particleboard properties

Development of environmentally friendly particleboard made from sweet sorghum bagasse and citric acid has recently attracted attention. In this study, we investigated the effects of pressing temperature and time on physical properties, such as dry bending (DB), internal bond strength (IB), and thickness swelling (TS) of particleboard. Wet bending (WB), screw-holding power (SH), biological durability, and formaldehyde emission of particleboard manufactured under effective pressing temperature and time were also evaluated. Particleboards bonded with phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin and polymeric 4,4′-methylenediphenyl isocyanate (pMDI) were manufactured as references. Effective pressing temperature and time were 200?°C and 10 min, respectively. It was clarified that DB, IB, and TS satisfied the type 18 requirements of the JIS A 5908 (2003), and were comparable to those of particleboard bonded with PF and pMDI. The WB and SH of particleboard did not satisfy type 18 of JIS. Particleboard manufactured under effective pressing conditions had good biological durability and low formaldehyde emission. Based on the results of infrared spectra measurement, the degree of ester linkages increased with increased pressing temperature and time.     

Physical and mechanical properties of particleboard from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) stalks and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) wood particles

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of particleboard manufactured from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) stalks and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) wood. The manufacturing parameters were various roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) ratios in the mixture (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) and press time (3, 5 and 7 min). Modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bonding (IB) strength values and thickness swelling (TS) after 24-hour water soaking of the panels were determined according to the procedure of European Union (EN) Standard. The results of the study demonstrate that roselle stalks can be an alternative raw material source for particleboard industry. With an increase of roselle particles from 0% to 100%, the TS was reduced, and the IB, MOR and MOE were increased. The highest MOE, MOR, IB strength and TS values of the samples were found as 2754.18, 16.81, 0.89 N/mm² and 15.26% for the panels made using 100% roselle with a 7-min press time, respectively.     

Properties of particleboard produced using a sealed press

In this study, different properties of experimental particleboard produced using a sealed press were determined and were compared with those for particleboard produced using a conventional press. Three types of binder, namely urea formaldehyde (UF), melamine formaldehyde (MUF), and polymethylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI), were used for board production. For the UF-bonded boards produced using the sealed press, the modulus of rupture and the internal bond strength (IB) decreased due to the high temperature and steam pressure used in comparison to the conditions in a conventional press. However, MUF- and PMDI-bonded boards had improved IB and thickness swelling (TS). For the PMDI-bonded boards, especially, the TS was further improved and IB was increased by using a sealed press. PMDI is known to possess superior properties and was confirmed to achieve good properties when used as a binder for particleboards produced using a sealed press.     

Preparation of board-like moldings from composites of isolated lignins and waste paper II: effect of inorganic salt addition on board performance and evaluation of practical use of MDF

Board-shaped composites with medium density (MDF) were prepared from isolated lignins and waste newspaper, in addition to preparation of the composites with high density (HB). The board properties of both composites concerning bending strength and water resistance were improved by the addition of hardwood acetic acid lignin (HAL). The internal bond strength and water resistance of MDF, in particular the degree of thickness swelling (TS), were also improved by prolonged molding time. Adding inorganic salts contributed to the improvement of TS. The effect depended on the charge of the cation. Considering practical utilization of lignin-based MDF as a structural material, its performance was evaluated by combination of the single-shear test of nailed joints and the modulus of rigidity. As a result, this MDF had sufficient strength to be utilized as an internal shear wall material. Therefore, lignin can be considered as an alternative to conventional adhesives for the production of boards such as HB and MDF.