苏北地区冬春设施大棚西瓜品种选择及高效优质栽培

通过引进西瓜品种13个,对比品种性状、品质、产量等,选择适宜苏北地区冬春设施大棚西瓜栽培的优良品种,并总结配套设施要求及栽培管理方式,以指导冬春设施大棚西瓜高产优质栽培技术在当地的推广实施。     

几个厚皮甜瓜品种在海门地区栽培表现

厚皮甜瓜营养丰富，深受广大种植户和消费者喜爱。近年来，随着高效设施农业在海门地区的大力发展，厚皮甜瓜产业也逐步扩大，对甜瓜品种的多样化以及优质化需求日益显现。我们引进了多个目前主栽厚皮甜瓜品种进行栽培示范，现将各试验品种在海门地区栽培表现情况总结如下。     

9个小西瓜品种大棚春季栽培比较试验

小西瓜是普通食用西瓜中果形较小的一类,因肉质细嫩、汁多味甜、品质佳而深受市场欢迎[1].目前小西瓜的种植面积不断扩大,仅武汉市蔡甸区就达2 000 hm2以上.为了筛选出适合武汉市春季设施栽培的小西瓜品种,我们从国内外引进优良小西瓜品种10个,利用大棚进行了小西瓜品比试验.现将试验结果报道如下.     

新疆吐鲁番地区日光温室雪峰小玉9号小果型西瓜优质高产栽培技术

吐鲁番地区位于新疆南疆盆地．温光资源丰富．早春气温回升快，适合发展保护地栽培。近年全地区已建成数万座日光温室．形成了独具特色的设施农业产业。为丰富当地设施农业的生产品种．2012年从湖南雪峰种业引进一批小果型西瓜品种进行设施栽培试验，其中雪峰小玉9号品种表现突出．现将该品种在吐鲁番地区日光温的优质高产栽培技术总结如下，供种植者参考。     

早春设施小型西瓜立架栽培技术及新优品种推荐

小型西瓜因果小、皮薄、瓤质细腻、糖分足、口感好,且与现代家庭的消费需求吻合,深受市民青睐,需求日益增长.为配合国家西甜瓜产业技术体系做好新优品种试验示范工作,推动荆门市设施西瓜栽培结构升级、新优品种储备的步伐,促进西甜瓜产业可持续健康发展.2020年从北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心、中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所、杨凌千鼎种苗有限公司等科研单位和种业公司引进19个小型西瓜新品种,在荆门市漳河新区双井村刘伟西瓜专业合作社设施栽培基地进行了早春试验与示范栽培,现将早春设施小型西瓜立架栽培技术总结和新优品种推荐如下.     

福州地区早春西瓜品种对比试验

为筛选出适合福州地区早春栽培的西瓜品种,特引进23个不同类型西瓜品种进行试种,比较各品种的适应性、抗性、产量和品质。试验结果表明,新天玲、惠玲、小玉八号、金玉玲珑、黑武士和宝凤6个品种可作为早春品种在福州地区示范推广。     

2009-2010年海南(三亚)西瓜品种比较试验

为了鉴定西瓜品种的丰产性、稳产性、适应性、抗逆性及其他重要品种特性,筛选适合不同生态区域、不同栽培方式和综合性状优良及适合设施栽培的西瓜品种,笔者引进和征集了共253个小果型和中大果型西瓜品种进行品种比较试验。根据其综合表现,从中筛选出表现较优的小果型西瓜品种16个,中大果型西瓜品种18个,推荐参加2010-2011年海南(三亚)西瓜品种生产试验,为西瓜新品种推广提供依据。     

不同叶面肥品种对基质栽培小西瓜生长和品质性状的影响(摘要)

喷施叶面肥对设施栽培小西瓜植株长势、产量和品质调控都有显著效果。当前海南市场上叶面肥种类繁多,良莠不齐。对海南销售的主要叶面肥品种在热区设施小西瓜生产中的应用效果进行了评价,以筛选适用的叶面肥品种,为生产中的叶面肥选用提供依据。研究选用了市场表现较好的4类共8种全价叶面肥和3种硼肥,分别于夏秋季(7—9月)和秋冬季(10—12月)在热区设施基质栽培小西瓜上施用。试验地点位于海南省陵水润达现代农业科技发展有限责任公司生产基地,地处热带,设施为面积3 600 m2的玻璃温室。参试西瓜品种选用中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所选育的‘美月’和农友种苗(中国)有限公司的‘惠兰’,采用椰糠基质栽培,基质容器为塑料盆,营养液选用华南农业大学西瓜配方,吊蔓,留双蔓单瓜,每hm2植株密度28 800株。分别在伸蔓期、授粉坐瓜期、膨瓜期和成熟期对植株长势、缺素症状、西瓜产量、平均单瓜质量、品质等多项指标测定分析。结果表明:参试叶面肥品种都对西瓜生长起到一定促进作用,但不同品种间差异显著;夏秋季受高温逆境影响,西瓜缺素症比较严重,其中后期缺硼症状明显,3个参试硼肥品种中,"润康液硼"表现最好;生育期施用全价叶面肥可显著提高西瓜的抗逆性。试验筛选出4种适于设施基质栽培西瓜的全价叶面肥品种,分别为:纯元素类的"翠康保力"、海藻萃取类的"速建"、"万果乐",腐殖酸类的"金盾"。后续研究将进行叶面肥搭配施用和施用时期的试验。     

华南沿海地区设施小型西瓜秋延立式栽培关键技术

根据华南沿海地区设施小型西瓜秋延立式栽培的生产实践,总结出设施小型西瓜在品种选择、培育壮苗、病虫害防治、台风防灾、大棚及田间栽培管理等具体的栽培措施,达到设施小型西瓜秋延立式栽培高产高效的目的.     

吉林地区设施西瓜规范化栽培技术

<正>设施西瓜是采用现代园艺生产技术,采用温室或塑料大棚栽培技术促进西瓜提早或延缓上市,以此提高更大经济效益。设施西瓜品种是西瓜中生育期较短、果型偏小的类型,单瓜重1.5~3千克,外形美观,早熟上市,其果实肉质细嫩、皮薄瓤脆、汁多味甜,便于包装与携带,另具有一定的营养和医疗价值,适合现代家庭、休闲和作为馈赠礼品消费。但目前设施西瓜在吉林地区发展较慢,栽培并不广泛,     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.