共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
C. B. Katongole F. B. Bareeba E. N. Sabiiti I. Ledin 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(8):1623-1631
Intake, growth and carcass yield of indigenous goats fed basal diets of market wastes of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) vines (SPV) and scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum) (SEP) were examined in two experiments. In experiment I, the effect of presentation method (chopping, hanging or adding
molasses) on the intake of SEP and SPV was evaluated. Presentation method did not influence the intake of SPV while hanging
resulted in the highest (P < 0.05) intake of SEP. In experiment II, 24 male growing goats were supplemented with a concentrate
(25% cottonseed cake +75% maize bran) in four dietary groups: SEPD, SPVD, SEP+SPV and Control where elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) was offered as the roughage. SEP were offered by hanging, while SPV were chopped. The goats were slaughtered after 12 weeks
of feeding. Goats in the SEPD group constantly lost weight, hence were not followed to the end. Average daily gain and hot
carcass weight were highest (P < 0.05) in the SPVD group (44 g/d and 8.4 kg, respectively), but similar between the SEP+SPV
(19 and 6.8) and Control (21 and 6.9) groups. In conclusion, SPV can support goat meat production where standard feed resources
are scarce when fed with an energy-protein concentrate. SEP are poorly consumed by goats, hence cannot be used as their sole
basal feed. 相似文献
2.
Motubatse MR Ng'ambi JW Norris D Malatje MM 《Tropical animal health and production》2008,40(3):229-238
In a first of two experiments, twenty yearling male Pedi goats weighing 21.3 ± 0.5 kg live weight were used in a 37-day study
in a 2 (levels of PEG 4000) × 2 (levels of Acacia) Factorial arrangement in a Completely Randomised Design to determine the
effect of the level of Acacia nilotica leaf meal supplementation plus 23 g polyethylene glycol 4000 on diet intake and digestibility, and growth rate of Pedi goats
fed ad libitum Buffalo grass hay. Acacia nilotica leaf meal contained high amounts of total phenolics (2.04 % DM) and low amounts of condensed tannins; both extracted (0.37
% DM) and unextracted (1.83 % DM). Supplementation with PEG 4000 increased (P < 0.05) crude protein intake as the level of
Acacia nilotica leaf meal increased from 80 to 120 g. Similarly, treatment with PEG 4000 improved (P < 0.05) DM, OM and CP digestibilities
when compared to 80 g Acacia nilotica leaf meal. Supplementation with PEG 4000 resulted in an increase (P < 0.05) in blood urea concentrations. Polyethylene glycol
4000 has the potential to improve the feeding value of A. nilotica leaf meal and can, therefore, be used in the feeding systems for ruminant animals. The second experiment determined the effect
of A. nilotica leaf meal supplementation on in vitro digestibility of the diets similar to the actual ratios of the first experiment. Level of A. nilotica leaf meal supplementation plus 23 g PEG 4000 supplementation improved (P < 0.05) in vitro DM, OM and CP digestibilities where 120 g A. nilotica leaf meal was supplemented. Similarly, 23 g PEG 4000 supplementation also improved (P < 0.05) in vitro CP digestibility where 80 g A. nilotica leaf meal was supplemented. In vivo DM and OM digestibilities were best predicted from in vitro DM and OM digestibilities while in vivo CP was explained by in vitro OM and CP digestibilities. It is, therefore, concluded that in vitro DM and OM digestibilities have good capacity to predict in vivo DM and OM digestibilities while OM and CP digestibilities have good capacity to predict in vivo CP digestibility. 相似文献
3.
E. S. Swai W. Moshy P. F. Mtui S. Bwanga G. Machange P. Sanka 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(6):959-967
Sera from 497 sheep and 555 goats collected in a cross sectional study from different geographical locations in north-eastern
Tanzania were examined for antibodies to Ehrlichia ruminantium using MAP 1-B ELISA technique. E. ruminantium antibodies were found in 68.6% (341/497) of sheep and 64.7% (359/555) of goats. Overall seroprevalence was 66.5% (700/1052).
Infection rates were higher in sheep than goats (P < 0.05), in pastoral than in agro-pastoral production systems (P < 0.05)
and in female sheep than males (P < 0.05). (131/143) 91.6% of the farms/flocks tested revealed sero-positive animals. E.ruminantium infections were found in all the geographical villages and districts tested. The infection rates per administrative district
varied from 36.4% (Muheza) to 90% (Mkinga) in goats and from 11.9% (Muheza) to 94.6% (Mkinga) in sheep. The results shows
E. ruminantium infection was prevalent and widely but unevenly distributed throughout the eight districts under study. These findings should
be taken into consideration when future disease control and livestock upgrading programs are implemented. 相似文献
4.
A digestibility and nitrogen (N) balance experiment was conducted using twenty yearling male Somali goats weighing 23.4 ± 2.02
(mean±SD). The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effects of supplementation with graded levels of mixture of groundnut
cake and wheat bran at a ratio of 3:1 on DM basis on feed intake, apparent digestibility and N balance in Somali goats. The
experimental design was a completely randomized design consisting of five animals in each treatment. The dietary treatments
included ad libitum feeding of hay (T1, control), and daily supplementation with 200 (T2, low) 300 (T3, medium) and 400 g DM (T4, high) of the
concentrate mix. Increased level of supplementation reduced (P < 0.001) daily hay DM intake. Digestibility of crude protein
(CP) was higher (P < 0.001) for the supplemented goats. Urinary nitrogen, total nitrogen excretion and retention increased
(P < 0.01) with the level of supplementation. It was concluded that supplementation with groundnut -wheat bran mixture promoted
feed intake and digestibility of DM, CP, and N retention in Somali goats fed hay. However, supplementation at the medium level
appeared to be more effective since it promoted similar N balance with the high level of supplementation. 相似文献
5.
L. R. García-Winder S. Goñi-Cedeño P. A. Olguín-Lara G. Díaz-Salgado C. M. Arriaga-Jordán 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(8):1615-1621
Two experiments were undertaken to evaluate the use of pods from Huizache (Acacia farnesiana), common in the arid and semiarid regions of Mexico, on the perfromance and apparent digestibility in Pelibuey Mexican hair growing ewe lambs. Twenty-four Pelibuey ewe lambs were used in the animal performance experiment, with a mean live weight of 14.91 ± 1.48 kg, randomnly allocated
to three groups which received ad libitum for 77 days (11 weeks) experimental whole rations T0 with 0%, T12 with 12% or T24 with 24% inclusión of dried and ground
Huizache pods. Dry matter intakes (g/kg 0.75 daily) were 83, 95, 90 for T0, T12, and T24 respectively (P > 0.05). Mean daily live-weight gain was 90, 75, and 63 g/day
for T0, T12, and T24 (P < 0.001). Nine Pelibuey ewe lambs were used to determine apparent digestibility in vivo of the experimental diets using a 3 × 3 latin square design repeated three times. There were differences in the digestibility
of dry matter (P < 0.001), organic matter (P < 0.001), nitrogen (P < 0.031), neutral detergent fibre (P < 0.002), and acid
detergent fibre (P < 0.001) being lower in T24. Huizache pods may be an alternative feed when included up to 12% of dry matter in the diets for sheep growing moderately. 相似文献
6.
Tadesse Megersa Mengistu Urge Ajebu Nurfeta 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(2):593-601
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of substituting sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam] vines for concentrate on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass characteristics. Thirty yearling bucks (15.3?±?1.64 kg) were assigned into six treatments in a randomized complete block design: natural grass hay alone (T1) or supplemented with 100 % sweet potato vines (SPV) (T2), 65 % SPV?+?35 % concentrate (T3), 35 % SPV?+?65 % concentrate (T4), and 100 % concentrate (T5) on dry matter (DM) basis. Supplemented goats (T2, T3, T4, and T5) consumed higher (p?<?0.001) total DM (553, 567, 505, and 515 g/day), respectively, when compared to the nonsupplemented (T1) goats (349 g/day). The crude protein (CP) intake (32.0, 48.6, 54.7, and 69.2 g/day) increased with increasing levels of the concentrate in the diet for T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively. The DM digestibility in T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively, was higher (P?<?0.01) (0.69, 0.72, 0.72, and 0.74) than in T1 (0.56). Apparent digestibility of CP was observed to be higher (P?<?0.001) in T3, T4, T5 (0.78, 0.83, and 0.88) when compared to the bucks in T2 (0.60). Higher (P?<?0.001) daily weight gain (31.2, 46.4, 48.6, and 47.6 g/day) were recorded for T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively, whereas the nonsupplemented goats lost weight (?19.5 g/day). Slaughter weight, empty body weight, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, rib-eye muscle area, and total edible offals were higher (P?<?0.05) in supplemented goats compared with nonsupplemented ones. Therefore, it could be concluded that sweet potato vine can replace the conventional concentrate and could be fed with poor quality hay to prevent body weight loss of animal in the absence of other feed supplements. 相似文献
7.
The effects of feeding graded levels of dried moringa (Moringa stenopetala) leaf on intake, body weight gain (BWG), digestibility and nitrogen utilization were studied using male sheep (BW of 13.8 ± 0.12 kg).
Six sheep were randomly allocated to each of the four treatment diets: Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay offered ad libitum (T1), hay + 150 g moringa leaf (T2), hay + 300 g moringa leaf (T3), hay + 450 g moringa leaf (T4)
were offered daily. A 7-day digestibility trial and an 84-day growth experiments were conducted. Dry matter (DM), organic
matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) intakes increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of moringa leaf in the diets. Sheep fed T2, T3 and T4 diets gained (P < 0.05) 40.2, 79.1 and 110.1 g/head/day, respectively, while the control group (T1) lost weight (−13.3 g/head/day). The apparent
digestibilities of DM, OM, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. The digestibility of dietary CP increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of moringa leaf, but there was no significant difference between T2 and T3 diets. The nitrogen
(N) intake and urinary N excretion increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of moringa leaf. The N retention was highest (P < 0.05) for 450 g moringa leaf supplementation. The control group was in a negative N balance. Supplementing a basal diet
of Rhodes grass hay with dried moringa leaves improved DM intake, BWG and N retention. It is concluded that M. stenopetala can serve as a protein supplement to low-quality grass during the dry season under smallholder sheep production system. 相似文献
8.
Mendieta-Araica B Spörndly E Reyes-Sánchez N Spörndly R 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(5):1039-1047
Moringa oleifera, either fresh or ensiled, was compared with Elephant grass as a main feedstuff for dairy cows. To test the effects feed had
on milk yield, milk composition, ration digestibility, and the organoleptic characteristics of milk, six lactating dairy cows
were used in a Changeover 3 × 3 Latin Square experiment, replicated twice. With equal intake of metabolizable energy the intake
of protein and fiber differed (p < 0.001) between all diets where fresh Moringa had the highest and the Elephant grass diet had the lowest intake. Compared
with the control diet, ensiled Moringa had higher digestibility (P < 0.05) of both protein and fiber. With the exception of DM digestibility, no digestibility differences were found between
fresh Moringa and Moringa silage treatments. Milk yield did not differ between any of the treatments and averaged 13.7 kg
cow day−1. Milk composition was similar among all treatments. Milk from the fresh Moringa treatment, however, had a grassy flavor and
aroma, significantly different from the other two treatments, even though it was normal in color and appearance. No organoleptic
differences were found between milk from the control treatment and the Moringa silage treatment. The conclusion is that Moringa
silage can be fed to dairy cows in large quantities to produce the same quantity and quality of milk as traditional diets. 相似文献
9.
Haematological and serum biochemical parameters of West African Dwarf goats fed dried cassava leaves-based concentrate diets 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Oni AO Arigbede OM Sowande OS Anele UY Oni OO Onwuka CF Onifade OS Yusuf KO Dele PA Aderinboye RY 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(3):483-490
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding different levels of dried cassava leaves at 0%, 20%, 40% and
60%, respectively, using guinea grass as basal feed, on the haematological and serum biochemical parameters of West African
Dwarf (WAD) goats. The study lasted for 116 days during which haematological and serum biochemical parameters were monitored
in 40 male goats before and after, using a completely randomized design. At the start of the experiment, packed cell volume
(PCV) ranged from 21.5% to 25.5% while haemoglobin concentration (Hb) and RBC significantly (P < 0.01) ranged from 7.3 to 8.6 g/dl and 10.4 to 13.2 × 1012/l, respectively. White blood cells reduced significantly (P < 0.05)) from 16.4 to 11.7 × 109/l) as dried cassava leaves increased in the diets. At the end of the trial, there was a slight increase in the values of
PCV and Hb in the diets (P > 0.05). Lymphocyte reduced significantly (P < 0.05) from 50.0% to 63.5% in the diets. Neutrophils, however, increased (P > 0.05) at the 0% to 40% levels and reduced at the 60% level of dried cassava leaves inclusion. At the start of the experiment,
values for glucose significantly (P < 0.05) ranged from 40.1 to 56.0 mg/dl. Total protein and albumin values ranged significantly (P < 0.05) from 56.0 to 68.5 g/dl and 30.6 to 38.4 g/dl, respectively. At the end of the experiment, serum creatinine increased
significantly (P < 0.05) as the level of dried cassava leaves increased from 0% to 60% in the diets. The study revealed that inclusion of
dried cassava leaves in the diets of West African Dwarf goats had no deleterious effects on the haematological and serum biochemical
parameters of WAD goats and could therefore be included in ruminant diets up to 60%. 相似文献
10.
In a switch-over experiment, eight male animals, four each of sheep and goats of local breeds with mean body weight of 26.
8 ± 2.0 and 30.0 ± 2.1 kg, were fed Dichanthium annulatum (DA) grass and four browse species viz. Helictris isora, Securengia virosa, Leucaena leucocephala (LL) and Hardwickia binnata (HB) in four feeding trials to assess their supplementary effect on activity of rumen enzymes. The sheep and goats were offered
DA grass with individual browse in 75:25 and 50:50 proportions, respectively, for more than 3 months during each feeding trial,
and rumen liquor samples were collected twice at 0 and 4 h post feeding after 60 and 90 days of feeding. Glutamate oxaloacetate
transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzymes were determined in the
bacteria and protozoa fractions of rumen liquor, while cellulase enzyme activity was measured in mixed rumen liquor. LL and
HB had the highest and lowest contents of CP, while fibre contents were lower in early than later browse leaves. Supplementation
of browse leaves significantly (P < 0.05) affect the specific activity of GDH enzyme in bacteria fraction of rumen liquor of animal species, while GDH activity
was similar in protozoa fraction of rumen liquor of sheep and goats on all DA grass–browse-supplemented diets except DA–HB
(42.8 units/mg protein), where activity was significantly (P < 0.05) low. Specific activities of GOT and GPT enzymes in both bacteria and protozoa fractions of rumen liquor differ significantly
(P < 0.05) due to supplementation of browse leaves to DA grass. Browse leaves significantly (P < 0.05) affect the cellulase enzyme activity in animal rumen liquor, being highest on DA–LL (193.4) and lowest on DA–HB diet
(144.8 μg sugar/mg protein). Goat exhibited higher activities of GOT and GPT than sheep in both bacteria and protozoa fraction
of rumen liquor, while cellulase activity was similar between the animal species on the grass–browse leaves diets. Results
indicate that browse leaves supplementation affect the enzyme activities of sheep and goats rumen, while the goats rumen liquor
had higher activities of GOT, GPT and GDH enzyme than sheep. 相似文献
11.
The replacement value of dried Erythrina brucei leaf for cotton seed meal (CSM) on growth performance and carcass characteristics was evaluated. Twenty-five yearling buck
goats (15.8 ± 1.4 kg) were assigned into five treatments in a randomized complete block design: natural grass hay alone (T1)
or supplemented with 100% CSM (T2), 67% CSM + 33% E. brucei (T3), 33% CSM + 67% E. brucei (T4), and 100% E. brucei (T5) on dry matter (DM) basis. Supplemented goats consumed more (P < 0.05) total DM and organic matter (OM) than the non-supplemented group, but the intakes were not influenced (P > 0.05) by the proportion of the supplements. The highest (P < 0.05) crude protein (CP) intake was observed in goats supplemented with CSM alone, whereas the lowest intake was observed
in the non-supplemented group. Total CP intake decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of E. brucei in the supplement mixture. The supplemented goats gained more (P < 0.05) weight than the control group. Apparent DM and OM digestibility was higher (P < 0.05) in supplemented goats than in the non-supplemented ones, but similar (P > 0.05) among the supplemented group. The digestibility of CP was higher (P < 0.05) for supplemented goats, except in those goats fed E. brucei alone, than the non-supplemented group. Slaughter weight, empty body weight, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, rib
eye muscle area, and total edible offals were higher (P < 0.05) for supplemented goats than for the non-supplemented ones. It could be concluded that E. brucei could be used as a substitute to CSM under smallholder production systems. 相似文献
12.
Ansari-Lari M Haghkhah M Bahramy A Novin Baheran AM 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(4):553-557
A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2006 in dairy herds in Fars province, southern Iran to determine
the herd-level risk factors for infection with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). Statistical analysis using multivariable logistic regression showed that contamination of udders of periparturient
cows with manure (OR = 6.4, P = 0.02) and history of having suspected cases of Johne's disease in the herd (OR = 6.7, P = 0.04)
were significantly associated with the herd infection status. No relationship between breed, herd size and other management
practices with the infection status of the herd were found in this study. Implementing high sanitary measures in the farm,
particularly with respect to manure handling and cleaning could be considered as one of the important aspects in controlling
disease in the region as well as in the future educational effort. 相似文献
13.
The effect of supplementation with increasing levels of dried leaves of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) on feed intake, body weight gain, and carcass yield characteristics of finisher Ross broiler chicks was studied at Haramaya
University, Ethiopia. Three hundred Ross broiler chicks aging 29 days and weighing 540 ± 5.28 g (mean ± SD) were randomly
distributed to 15 pens, each with 20 chicks, representing five treatment rations each with three replications. Dietary treatments
consisted of inclusions of dried leaves of sweet potato at levels of 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/kg DM for treatments T1, T2,
T3, T4, and T5, respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days, during which, dry matter intake (DMI), body weight gain,
and feed conversion efficiency; carcass yield characteristics; and weights and lengths of different parts of gastrointestinal
tract were measured. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using SAS (1998). Inclusion of dried leaves of sweet potato
at the level of 200 g/kg DM resulted in lower (P < 0.01) daily DMI as compared to chicks in control diet (T1). The daily body weight gain declined (P < 0.01) when the level of dried leaves of sweet potato in the diet was 150 and 200 g/kg DM. Inclusion of dried leaves of
sweet potato up to 100 g/kg DM did not affect (P > 0.05) eviscerated carcass weight, and weights of drumstick with thigh and breast meat were not affected (P > 0.05) by inclusion of dried leaves of sweet potato up to 150 g/kg DM. The results of this study revealed that inclusion
of dried leaves of sweet potato up to 100 g/kg DM in the finisher ration might be considered as the optimum level of supplementation
when chickens are sold on live weight basis, but if birds are sold on eviscerated carcass weight basis, inclusion up to 150 g/kg
DM might be economically feasible as it produced higher carcass yield components. 相似文献
14.
Shafarin MS Zamri-Saad M Khairani BS Saharee AA 《Tropical animal health and production》2008,40(5):335-340
This report describes the proliferation and transmission patterns of Pasteurella multocida B:2 among stressful goats, created through dexamethasone injections. Thirty seven clinically healthy adult goats were divided
into three groups consisted of 15 goats in group A, 11 goats in group B and the remaining 11 in group C. At the start of the
study, all goats of group A were exposed intranasally to 1.97 × 1010 CFU/ml of live P. multocida B:2. Dexamethasone was immediately administered intramuscularly for 3 consecutive days at a dosage rate of 1 mg/kg. The exposed
goats were observed for signs of HS for a period of 1 month. At the end of the 1-month period, 11 goats from group B were
introduced into and commingled with the surviving goats of group A before all goats from both groups were immediately injected
intramuscularly with dexamethasone for 3 consecutive days. The treatment with dexamethasone was then carried out at monthly
interval throughout the 3-month study period. Goats of group C were kept separately as negative control. Three surviving goats
from each group were killed at 2-week interval for a complete post-mortem examination. Two (13%) goats of group A were killed
within 24 hours after intranasal exposure to P. multocida B:2 while another two (13%) goats from the same group were killed on day 40, approximately 10 days after the second dexamethasone
injection. All four goats showed signs and lesions typical of haemorrhagic septicaemia. Bacteraemia was detected in 3 goats
of group A that were having rectal temperature higher than 41°C. The P. multocida B:2 isolation pattern was closely associated with dexamethasone injections when significantly (p < 0.05) higher rate of isolations
from both groups were observed after each dexamethasone injection. Transmission of P. multocida B:2 from goats of group A to group B was successful when P. multocida B:2 was isolated from goats of group B for a period of 28 days. There was a strong correlation between dexamethasone injections,
rate of bacterial isolation and serum cortisol level. The IgG level showed an increasing trend 2 weeks after exposure to P. multocida B:2 and remained high throughout the study period. 相似文献
15.
Effect of supplementing urea-treated barley straw with lucerne or vetch hays on feed intake,digestibility and growth of Arsi Bale Sheep 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The study was conducted at Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia to assess the supplementation of graded levels of
vetch (Vicia dasycarpa `lana’) and lucerne (Medicago sativa,’ Hunter river’) hay on feed intake, digestibility and body weight (BW) change of Arsi-Bale sheep fed urea treated barley
straw (UTBS). A 7 day- digestibility and a 90 day- feed intake trials were conducted using 28 and 35 sheep, respectively.
The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with seven dietary treatments that consisted of feeding UTBS
(T1) as the control treatment, UTBS plus 150, 250 and 350 g dry matter (DM) per day of vetch for T2, T3, T4, respectively
and UTBS plus 150, 250 and 350 g DM per day of lucerne for T5, T6 and T7, respectively. Intake of UTBS was not affected (P > 0.05)
by inclusion of lucerne hay at 25–35% of daily DM intake. The supplements increased daily intake of total DM, organic matter
(OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and metabolizable energy (ME) (P < 0.001) as well as apparent
digestibility of DM, OM (P < 0.001), NDF (P < 0.01), ADF, crude protein (CP) (P < 0.05) and daily BW gain (P < 0.001). Supplementation
with lucerne than vetch hay promoted higher (P < 0.001) CP and ME intakes and daily BW gain. Feeding with the UTBS without
supplementation was enough to meet the maintenance requirements of the sheep and allow small BW gain. The results of the study
showed that urea treatment of barley straw in conjunction with supplementation of lucerne or vetch hay could serve as a useful
strategy in improving smallholder sheep production in the tropics. 相似文献
16.
Growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle fed different levels of macadamia oil cake 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Acheampong-Boateng O Mikasi MS Benyi K Amey AK 《Tropical animal health and production》2008,40(3):175-179
Eighteen cattle (six Bonsmara males, seven Simmanteler x Beefmaster males and five Simmanteler x Beefmaster females) were
assigned to three diets containing 0% (Control), 10% and 20% Macadamia oil cake to evaluate the effects of different levels
of Macadamia oilcake (MOC) on feed intake, growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. Differences in
average feed intake were not significant (P > 0.05). Average daily gains on the 0% and 20% MOC diets were not significantly
different (P < 0.05) but were significantly higher than the average gain on 10% MOC (P < 0.05). The inclusion of 20% MOC increased
feed conversion ratio significantly (P < 0.05) compared with the other two treatments. The control group had significantly
heavier warm carcasses than the 10% and 20% MOC groups and the 20% MOC group had significantly heavier carcasses than the
10% MOC group. The inclusion of MOC did not significantly affect the dressing percentage and conformation scores of the animals
(P > 0.05). There were no condemned livers, suggesting that either there were no toxic factors in the feed or, even if present,
were probably inactive in the liver. 相似文献
17.
J. D. Keyyu N. C. Kyvsgaard J. Monrad A. A. Kassuku 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(1):25-33
A longitudinal field trial was conducted to determine the effectiveness of strategic anthelmintic treatments in the control
of gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes and Fasciola gigantica in cattle. A total of 167 cattle (6–18 months) from three large-scale dairy farms, four traditional farms and nine small-scale
dairy farms were randomly selected. The selected animals on each farm were ear tagged and allocated into three groups based
on live weight and treated as follows: Group T4 was treated with albendazole 10% drench at 10 mg/kg four times a year (mid
rainy, end of the rain, mid dry and late dry/early rainy season). Group T2 was treated with albendazole 10% drench at 10 mg/kg
two times a year (mid rainy and late dry/early rainy season). Group UT remained as untreated control. Faecal, blood and pasture
samples were taken every month for 13 months. In addition, individual body weight (BWT) was measured on every sampling date.
Results showed that two and four strategic treatments significantly reduced faecal egg counts (FEC) by 49.5% and 62.3% respectively
compared to untreated control animals (P < 0.001). Two and four strategic treatments per year significantly reduced the proportion
of animals passing Fasciola eggs in faeces by 30.6% and 51.7% (P < 0.001), respectively. Animals treated two and four times a year significantly outgained
untreated animals by 14.8 kg and 17.7 kg respectively at the end of the trial (P < 0.05). The management system had a significant
effect on packed cell volume and the proportion of animals passing Fasciola eggs in faeces (P < 0.05). The programme of two strategic treatments per year was only effective in controlling GI nematodes.
It is concluded that a programme of four strategic treatments per year was effective in controlling GI nematodes and F. gigantica and improved weight gain. 相似文献
18.
Digestibility and feeding trials for 10 and 90 days were conducted using 25 yearling Farta rams with a mean body weight (BW)
of 16.8 ± 0.17 kg (mean ± SD) to study the effects of supplementation with sole or mixtures of noug seed meal (NSM) and wheat
bran (WB) on feed intake, digestibility and BW change in Farta sheep fed hay. The experimental design was a randomized complete
block design. The sheep were arranged in five blocks based on initial BW, and the five treatments were assigned randomly to
each animal in a block. The five treatments comprised of ad libitum hay (control, T1) and ad libitum hay plus daily supplementation of 300 g dry matter (DM) sole WB (T2), 2WB:1NSM (T3), 1WB:2NSM (T4) and sole NSM (T5). Supplementation
increased total DM (P < 0.01) and crude protein (CP) (P < 0.001) intake and promoted daily BW gain (P < 0.001). Non- supplemented
sheep consumed more (P < 0.01) hay DM compared to the supplemented treatments, except T2. Among supplemented sheep, T5 had
higher (P < 0.001) CP intake than the other treatments. Supplementation improved (P < 0.001) the digestibility of CP. Lack
of statistical differences in daily BW gain between the different supplements used in this study suggests that sheep producers
can use the different feed supplements considered in this study depending on their availability in the order of T4, T5, T3
and T2, respectively. 相似文献
19.
300 goat serum samples from an export-oriented abattoir were tested for contagious caprine pleuropneumonia antibodies by the
complement fixation test. The disease prevalence was 31% with no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the regions “Borena”,
“Bale”, “Afar” and “Jinka” or the age of the goats (P > 0.05). Gross pathology and histopathology of the lung primary lesions
were indicative of pleuropneumonia caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. 相似文献
20.
Ping Li Shuren Ji Qian Wang Mengzhen Qin Chen Hou Yixin Shen 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(4):625-632
Rice straw and sweet potato vines are the main by‐products of agricultural crops, and their disposal creates problems for the environment in the south of China. In order to establish an easy method for making rice straw silage successfully, experiments were conduct to evaluate fermentation quality and nutritive value of rice straw silages ensiled with or without sweet potato vine. Paddy rice straw (PR) and upland rice straw (UP) were ensiled alone or with sweet potato vines (SP) by a ratio of 1:1 (fresh matter basis), over 3 years. Compared with rice straw silages ensiled alone, the mixed‐material silages (PR + SP, UR + SP) showed higher fermentation quality with lower propionic acid content and NH3‐N ratio of total N, and higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid, resulting in decrease (P < 0.05) of dry matter loss and higher (P < 0.05) in vitro ruminal dry matter digestion. When the fermentation quality, chemical composition and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics were considered, ensiling would be an effective way of utilization of rice straw and sweet potato vines in the regions where rice and sweet potato are harvested at same season, and the sweet potato vines have the potential to improve rice straw fermentation quality with low water soluble carbohydrate content in south of China. 相似文献