控制霉菌毒素污染的措施

霉菌毒素是某些霉菌在谷物或饲料上生长繁殖过程中产生的有毒代谢产物，毒素在谷物的生产、饲料的制造、贮存及运输过程皆可产生，诱发多种疾病，对家禽业造成很大的危害。在实际生产中应从以下几方面对霉菌素进行防控，以最大限度地减少霉菌毒索带来的损失。     

霉菌毒素对猪生产性能的影响及防控

1霉菌毒素和危害霉菌毒素是某些霉菌产生的有毒产物,普遍存在于管理不好的饲料原料中,毒素在谷物田间生长、收获、饲料加工、仓储及运输过程皆可产生。猪采食含有霉菌毒素的饲料后会造成生长缓慢、繁殖障碍和免疫力低下,诱发多种疾病,常造成大批     

霉菌毒素对水产养殖的影响

<正>霉菌毒素是谷物或饲料中霉菌生长产生的次级代谢产物,是各种植物和环境因素相关的应激反应或霉菌生长条件的改变造成的。在水产养     

简述霉菌素毒对猪、鸡的危害及现状

1霉菌毒素的状况 霉菌毒素是谷物或饲料中霉菌生长产生的二级代谢产物，霉菌毒素中毒症是由霉菌毒素引起的一种疾病。霉菌毒素造成的危害是一个全球性的问题，存在于几乎所有的饲料原料和人类食品的原料中。1960年英国一家企业发生10万只火鸡死亡事件，引发了畜牧业对霉菌毒素危害的深入研究。     

饲料霉变的危害及预防

饲料在生产及应用过程中 ,因原料采购、贮存、运输、饲料加工、成品暂存等不当可造成霉变 ,给动物生产带来很大危害。生产中须采取综合预防措施 ,才能有效控制饲料霉变 ,防止产生危害。1　饲料霉变的危害霉变饲料中含有大量霉菌。引起饲料霉变的霉菌主要有黄曲霉菌、赭曲霉菌、禾谷镰刀菌、扩展青霉菌等 ,它们在生长繁殖过程中能产生大量毒素 ,危害动物正常的生长和繁殖。1.1　降低饲料营养价值霉菌能利用饲料 (谷物 )中的营养进行生长繁殖 ,降低了饲料原有的营养价值。试验表明 ,长有霉菌的谷物能量损失5 % ,蛋白质损失 7% ,脂肪损失 6 3%…     

浅谈霉菌毒素及其控制的认识误区

霉菌毒素是谷物或饲料中霉菌生长产生的二级代谢产物,霉菌毒素中毒症是由霉菌毒素引起的一种疾病。目前国外养殖企业已将霉菌毒素和细菌、病毒、寄生虫并列为养殖四大类疾病。我国养殖企业自2003年以来逐渐认识到霉菌毒素问题。但是由于缺乏对霉菌毒素的深入研究,以及受到一些商     

饲料中霉菌毒素对动物繁殖活动的影响及其预防

虽然有诸多因素可引起种畜繁殖障碍 ,但人们一般首先考虑到的是传染性因素和授精技术问题 ,而忽视一些不明显的具有潜在性破坏的因素 ,其中之一便是饲料中的霉菌毒素。霉菌毒素是形成于谷物庄稼遭受极端高温、高湿或长期干旱而造成的应激 ,霉菌在谷物的不同应激阶段均可产生毒素。有不同的霉菌毒素 ,而且每一种均可引起特异性症状 ,可造成生长僵滞、繁殖机能下降 ,诱发致癌 ,引起免疫抑制 ,甚至发生坏死或死亡。因为毒素作用于免疫系统 ,霉菌毒素的存在可间接导致其它疾病的暴发。饲料中常见的霉菌毒素有黄曲霉毒素、脱氧瓜萎镰菌醇、赤霉菌…     

霉菌毒素对猪只的危害

<正>霉菌是丝状真菌的俗称,即发霉的真菌,是形成分枝菌丝的真菌的统称。霉菌毒素是被霉菌污染的谷物或饲料中,某些霉菌生长产生的有毒代谢产物,它们可以通过饲料进入动物体内,引起动物产生急性或慢性毒性,损害机体的肝脏、肾脏、神经组织、造血组织、皮肤组织、繁殖系统、免疫系统等。霉菌普遍存在于谷物等饲料原料中,霉菌毒素在谷物田间生长、收获、饲料加工、仓储及运输过程中皆可产生。猪是对霉菌毒素最敏感的畜禽之一。猪群     

猪饲料中霉菌毒素、危害及防控措施

<正>霉菌毒素是谷物或饲料中霉菌生长的次级代谢物。大多数的猪霉菌毒素问题涉及思维谷类饲料,例如,高粱、大麦、玉米、小麦等其他谷类。霉菌生长需要的条件包括:由谷物提供的碳水化合物,充足的水分,氧气和12~25℃的温度。当环境温度过高、收割或运输时的机械损伤都可以使植物产生霉菌毒素。1霉菌毒素来源及中毒症状农作物在收割前霉菌毒素来自于田间和仓库,尤其是仓库是黄曲霉素主要来源。主要霉菌毒素形成条件和易感谷     

菌糠饲料的利用

一、饲料霉变的危害 引起饲料霉变的霉菌主要有黄曲霉菌、赭曲霉菌、禾谷镰刀菌、扩展青霉菌等,它们在生长繁殖过程中能产生大量毒素,危害动物正常的生长繁殖。 1.降低饲料营养价值。霉菌能利用饲料(谷物)中的营养进行生长繁殖,降低了饲料原有的营养价值。试验表明,长有霉菌的谷物能量损失5％、蛋白质损失7％、脂肪损失3％。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。