油菜秸秆灰分混凝土与钢筋之间粘结性能研究

为了探究油菜秸秆灰分的掺入对钢筋-混凝土之间粘结性能的影响。对3种不同油菜秸秆灰分掺量的钢筋-油菜秸秆灰分混凝土试件进行中心拉拔试验,并与钢筋-普通混凝土粘结性能作对比试验。结果表明:钢筋-油菜秸秆灰分混凝土粘结强度与混凝土抗压强度呈正相关。当水胶比一定时,随着油菜秸秆灰分掺量的增加,钢筋-油菜秸秆灰分混凝土的粘结强度降低。水胶比为0.47时的钢筋-油菜秸秆灰分粘结性能与普通混凝土最为接近,为最优配合比。由试验结果可知,在承重要求较低的普通钢筋混凝土结构中,采用适量油菜秸秆灰分等量替代水泥,对于节省水泥生产能源和科学合理利用农业废弃物两方面均具有重要意义。     

Concrete with a Crack Treated by Silane Soakage

If a crack appears in marine or concrete structures due to chloride corrosion, it will be a convenient channel for the chloride to penetrate into the concrete and easily corrode the steel bars and damage the concrete. A concrete specimen with a 0.2mm wide crack was prepared. After the specimen was soaked in a silane solution, emulsion and gel, a chloride ion corrosion test was carried out. The analysis of two dimensional chloride content shows that the silane soakage treatment of cracked concrete seals the crack and prevents further corrosion.     

Comprehensive Effects of Temperature and Relative Humidity on Rebar Corrosion in Concrete

The corrosion rate of steel in concrete is highly dependent on the heterogeneous structure of the concrete and the environmental exposure conditions. Temperature and relative humidity are two important environmental factors that simultaneously influence the corrosion process and cannot be separated or isolated from each other. The interaction of temperature and relative humidity for characterizing the corrosion rate has been sufficiently studied. The resules show that the higher the temperature is, the greater the relative humidity is when rebar corrosion rate reaches the max, and as to different relative humidity, the increasing extent of rebar corrosion rate with rise in temperature is different.     

氯氧镁水泥混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀与防护试验研究

结合氯氧镁水泥混凝土耐水性,研究氯氧镁水泥混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀与防护,试验变量包括钢筋种类、混凝土保护层厚度和腐蚀龄期等。钢筋种类包括裸露钢筋和美加力涂层钢筋;混凝土保护层厚度包括25、50 mm;腐蚀龄期包括60、120、180、240、300、360 d。试验采用自来水长期浸泡至试块2/3处,并采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能谱仪（EDS）对腐蚀后的钢筋微观结构和化学元素组成进行分析,研究钢筋的腐蚀机理。结果表明,通过软化系数分析,氯氧镁水泥混凝土的软化系数处于0.78～0.87,说明试验设计的氯氧镁水泥混凝土可用于干燥地区、受潮较轻地区或次要建筑结构。通过极化曲线及其电化学参数分析,裸露钢筋腐蚀速率为美加力涂层钢筋腐蚀速率的40～80倍,说明涂层防腐效果明显。     

再生混凝土与锈蚀钢筋间的粘结性能试验研究

为了探究再生混凝土结构的耐久性能,对5组不同钢筋锈蚀率(0~9%)的再生混凝土梁式试件进行加载试验。分析不同钢筋锈蚀率对再生混凝土梁式试件的钢筋应变、局部粘结应力、粘结滑移和极限粘结应力的影响。结果表明：钢筋锈蚀率大于3%时试件底部开始有细微锈胀裂缝出现;锈蚀率越大,荷载作用下钢筋应变沿锚固位置的变化曲线越平缓;局部粘结应力沿锚固段呈现出双峰分布,峰值主要集中在加载端和自由端附近;加载端附近位置滑移现象最先发生,远离加载端滑移现象延后;随着钢筋锈蚀率的增大,极限粘结强度先增加后降低,极限荷载下的滑移值增大。     

Meso-scale numerical investigation on the crack process of concrete cover induced by rebar non-uniform corrosion

Concrete cover cracking induced by corrosion of steel reinforcement is a major influencing factor for durability and serviceability of reinforced concrete structures. In order to investigate the cracking process of concrete cover induced by rebar corrosion, the heterogeneity of concrete meso-structure and non-uniformity of rebar corrosion are accounted for. The undamaged concrete is assumed to be a three-phase composite material composed of aggregate, mortar matrix and the interfacial transition zone (ITZ). And a concrete random aggregate structure is established for the study on the mechanical behavior of the non-uniform radial corrosion expansion. In the present simulations, non-uniform radial displacement is adopted to simulate the non-uniform corrosion of the rebar; the plasticity damaged model is used to describe the mechanical behavior of the mortar matrix and the ITZ, and the aggregate is assumed to be elastic. The cracking of concrete cover due to the non-uniform corrosion of the middle located rebar is numerically simulated. The comparison of the analysis and the test result on failure pattern of cover concrete shows fairly good agreement. And then the failure patterns under uniform corrosion and non-uniform corrosion obtained from the macro-scale homogeneous model and the meso-scale heterogeneous model are compared. Furthermore, the influences of concrete cover thickness and rebar diameter on the failure pattern of concrete cover, the expansive pressure and the corrosion rate of the rebar when cover concrete cracks are investigated.     

Review of Research on Damage of Corrod Reinforced Concrete

The research result shows that the corrosion of reinforcement is one of the dominating factor for decreasing the durability of reinforced concrete structures. In this paper, the significance of the research of corroded reinforced concrete is presented, and an attempt is made to integrate the latest development with regard to the mechanical behaviors of reinforcement corrosion, the damage of concrete due to corroded bars, bond relationship between corroded bars and concrete, as well as the load capacity of corroded reinforced concrete flexural member and compressive member and the seismic behavior of corroded reinforced concrete element. And the trend of its development in future is discussed as well.     

Experimental Analysis of Cracking Behavior of ConcreteBeams Reinforced with High Strength Bars

Eight concrete beams reinforced with 500MPa steel bars and four reinforced with 400MPa ultra fine grain steel bars were tested under two point symmetrical concentrated static loading to observe the details of crack pattern development on these beams and investigate their cracking characteristics. It was shown that the cracking behavior of the beams with high strength bars was essentially similar to that of common RC flexural members, whereas the computed crack widths using the formula adopted in the Code for Design of Concrete Structures GB 50010 2002 exceeded that of the experiment under the normal service. Furthermore, the formulas for crack spacing and crack width specified in GB 50010 2002 were evaluated through the experimental results and previous studies of sixty seven concrete beams reinforced with high strength bars. On the basis of the calculation model in GB 50010 2002, revised formulas for crack spacing and crack width were proposed. The values calculated by revised formulas were in good agreement with the test results.     

CFRP筋钢筋混凝土剪力墙自复位性能试验研究

通过对1片钢筋混凝土剪力墙和4片配有碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)筋的剪力墙的低周反复荷载试验,在分析试验中测得的裂缝宽度、裂缝的发展和分布形态、侧向变形的基础上,研究了在钢筋混凝土剪力墙的适当位置部分或全部配置CFRP筋对剪力墙的残余裂缝和残余变形等自复位性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:与普通钢筋混凝土剪力墙相比,配有CFRP筋的剪力墙的开裂荷载较低,裂缝较多,裂缝分布分布范围较广,墙体的最大裂缝宽度、残余裂缝宽度和侧向残余变形分别降低了60%、70%和90%,说明在剪力墙中合理配置CFRP筋能使剪力墙具有优异的自复位性能。     

冻融环境下钢筋与粉煤灰混凝土的粘结性能

通过对内贴应变片钢筋的直接拔出试验,分析冻融作用下粉煤灰掺量对钢筋与粉煤灰混凝土间粘结性能的影响,得出冻融循环作用对钢筋与粉煤灰混凝土之间粘结性能的影响规律。试验结果表明：钢筋与粉煤灰混凝土的粘结强度随粉煤灰掺量的增加而降低;当粉煤灰掺量一定时,随着冻融循环次数的增加,混凝土强度有所下降,钢筋与粉煤灰混凝土间极限粘结强度降低;当粉煤灰掺量较大,达到40%时,随冻融次数的增加,钢筋粉煤灰混凝土试件极限粘结强度的下降幅度明显减缓,极限粘结强度对应的滑移量增大。表明掺入较多粉煤灰可使试件的冻融损伤现象得到缓解,冻融环境下钢筋混凝土的粘结性能得到提高。     

Study on the Effects of Air Pollution on Corrosion of Carbon Steel

This paper summarizes the results obtained from the first year atmospheric corrosion test of carbon steel specimens exposed in 12 sites in Asia. As shown by the results, the corrosion rates of carbon steel vary with the atmospheric environment and the difference can reach a factor of 16. Among the environmental pollution factors, the most detrimental factor is atmospheric sulfur deposition for atmospheric corrosion of carbon steel. Especially, in Chongqing, the high SO_2 levels plus humid and warm climate lead to the most serious atmospheric corrosion of carbon steel.     

Experimental Analysis on Axial Compressive Behavior of R- CFTStub Columns with Prestressed Binding Bars

In order to investigate the effect of prestressed binding bars on axial compressive behavior of rectangular concrete-filled tubular (CFT) short columns, five rectangular CFT short columns, three with prestressed binding bars, one with ordinary binding bars, the other with no binding bars, were constructed and tested under axial compressive loads. The binding bars were made up with high-strength bolts. As used for ordinary binding bars, the high-strength bolts were welded to the steel tube before the column was loaded to axial compressive force. As used for prestressed binding bars, the high-strength bolts were first tensed by screwed screw cap down to bring force to prestress the steel tube and its core concrete, then welded to the steel tube before the column was loaded to axial compressive force. Test results indicate that the bearing capacity and ductility of rectangular CFT short columns are increased by setting binding bars. Compared to ordinary binding bars, the prestressed binding bars can decrease the longitudinal displacements corresponding to ultimate strength, but have little effect on the ultimate strength and displacement capacity after ultimate strength of the columns. The longitudinal displacements corresponding to ultimate strength of the columns decrease with the decreasing of space between binding bars. With the same section width and amount of binding bars, the bearing capacity of the columns improves with the increase of section long-broad-ratio, while displacement capacity after ultimate strength decreases with the increase of section long-broad-ratio.     

Theoretical Contour Line of Reinforcement Bar of Non uniform Corrosion

Most of the previous studies on corrosion of the steel bar in reinforced concrete structures is based on the assumption that the bar is uniformly corroded. The actual measurement in projects proved that most of the reinforcement bar is in non uniform corrosion state. Based on electrochemical principles of metal corrosion and combined with the real corrosion course of the bar in concrete structures, a theoretical model of the contour line of reinforcement bar due to non uniform corrosion is established, through deducing the speed of corrosion and theoretical corrosion penetration and volume changes due to corrosion of reinforcement in general air at different position and different time. At the same time, the model is verified with the results from relative references and measured data.     

Experimental analysis of strengthening effect of corroded reinforced concrete beams strengthened with bolted steel plates

In order to study the mechanical behavior of corroded reinforced concrete beams strengthened with bolted steel plates, this paper designed 12 reinforced concrete beams. These beams were corroded by using accelerated electrochemical corrosion method with a designed corrosion ratio of 10%. The pre-compression experiments were performed for all RC beams before strengthening and the maximum crack width was controlled as 0.2 mm. According to the thickness of concrete cover, the beams were divided into 3 groups. Each group was composed of one comparative beam and three tested beams strengthened by steel plates bolted with study according to the thickness of steel plates which were 3 mm, 4 mm and 5 mm, respectively. It was shown that the strain distributions along the height of the strengthened beams at middle-span were in good agreement with the plain section assumption basically. The serviceability performances of corroded RC beams were significantly improved and these ultimate bearing capacities increased obviously. The steel plate bolted with stud effectively reduced the crack width and the extension height of reinforced concrete beams. It was indicated that an increase of steel plates with 35 mm resulted in a decrease of deflection by 13%51% when beams had the same thickness of concrete cover and corrosion ratio. Influence of the thickness of concrete cover on the ultimate bearing capacity was not obvious.     

Experimental Analysis on Bending Capacity of Unbonded Prestressed Concrete Beams with HRBF500 Steel Bars

The bending capacity tests on ten simple supported beams were conducted to investigate the damage characteristics, prestress increment, beading capacity and displacement ductility of unbounded prestressed concrete beams with HRBF500 steel bars. The results show that the HRBF500 steel bars has yielded before the limit state. The concrete in compression zone crushes upon the broken of the beams, which shows a sudden damage mode. The measured ultimate stress increments of unbounded tendons are in linear relationship with the comprehensive reinforcement ratio index, while the values of the ultimate stress increments are obviously higher than those values specified in the code GB50010-2010, and the average ratio of predicted values to testing values is about 0.35. The mid span deflection upon yielding of the beams is large, while the displacement ductility is bad and the average value of the displacement ductility ratio is 1.67. The displacement ductility ratio decreases with the increases of the comprehensive reinforcement ratio index. Based on the experimental results, the proposed calculation formula of ultimate stress increments of unbounded tendons was established, and it is in good agreement with the experimental results when the testing value is less than 450 MPa.     

Impact of Temperature in Air-conditioned Room on Blood Rheological Characteristics

Based on the reversed cyclic loading tests of 21 nearly full-size interior joints in completed reinforced concrete frames,the law of bond deterioration of beam bars crossing the joint is tested and analyzed,which is influenced by the axial load ratio,shear-compression ratio,reinforced bar strength,concrete strength and the relative length of beam bars crossing the joint. By the nonlinear fitting method, the formula of the bond stress r between steel crossing interior joints and concrete under different loading step is obtained. According to the loading approach, the propositional formula of the relative length of beam bars crossing the joint hc/d is presented, which is influenced by axial load ratio, shear-compression ratio ,reinforced bar strength and concrete strength.     

基于内聚力模型的锈蚀砼梁抗弯刚度

粘结性能退化是导致锈蚀钢筋混凝土构件力学性能下降的主要因素之一,基于锈蚀构件粘结性能实验研究成果与内聚力模型,建立了有厚度的双线性内聚力单元与分离式钢筋混凝土梁分析模型,引入粘结界面层,研究了粘结性能退化对锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁抗弯刚度的影响。结果表明,双线性内聚力单元可以有效模拟钢筋与混凝土之间的粘结机制,而根据锈蚀深度确定的有厚度的粘结单元能合理描述锈蚀程度对粘结性能的影响。数值分析结果与实验及经验公式对比,表明了文中方法的有效性和合理性。     

Boundary Element Method for Time-dependent Chloride Diffusion and the Chloride Distribution in Concrete

The process of chloride diffusion in concrete is time-dependent.The boundary element method (BEM) with a time-dependent diffusion coefficient is presented for chloride diffusion in concrete based on the suitable transformation of variables.The fundamental solution of the partial differential equation for time-dependent chloride diffusion in concrete is developed,and the compensation length of the diffusion field is defined as well as the compensation coefficient.The scheme of BEM with a time-dependent diffusion coefficient is developed.Two examples are given to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the presented method and the rationality and the importance of the compensation length for the method.     

Experimental Analysis on the Frost Resistance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

The frost resistance of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) was studied based on the fast freeze thaw tests in water and in a 3.5% sodium chloride solution, with different mass fraction of steel fiber in concrete at 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%, respectively. The effects of the number of freeze thaw cycles and the volume fraction of steel fiber on the mass lose rate, the splitting strength loss rate and the dynamic modulus of elasticity of SFRC were analyzed. The reinforcement mechanism of the steel fiber under the action of freeze and thaw was also discussed. Moreover, mercury intrusion method and SEM analysis were carried out to study the pore size distribution features and the performance of microstructure on the impact of frost resistance of SFRC. The results show that adding an appropriate amount of steel fiber into concrete can reduce the pore porosity and improve the compactness of concrete. Furthermore, the presence of steel fiber proves to shrink the porosity and improve evidently the frost resistance of concrete. It is also shown that the steel fiber content has a great influence on the frost resisting property of SFRC. The best performance of SFRC can be achieved when the volume fraction of steel fiber is 1.5%.     

Fabrication and Formation Mechanism of FoamedIron Slag-Steel Slag Concrete

In order to achieve the comprehensive utilization of iron slag and steel slag, foamed concrete were prepared by adding small amount of gypsum, lime and clinker in steel slag-iron slag system and using aluminum powder as foaming agent,. The three-day, seven-day and twenty-eight-day bulk density and compressive strength of foamed concrete with the different ratio of the main raw materials were researched. Furthermore, in order to research the hydration mechanism and microstructure of foamed concrete, the XRD and SEM images of the three productions of foamed concrete were analyzed. The results showed that the coordination of the dosage of steel slag and iron slag was better when the former was 30% and the latter was 45%, Meanwhile, the compressive strength was 5.1 MPa, the bulk density was 625 kg/m 3; Ettringite and C-S-H gel synergies generated in steel slag-iron slag system. Besides, hydration activity of steel slag was obviously lower than that of iron slag.