台儿庄区落实科学发展观 扎实做好春季重大动物疫病防控工作

台儿庄区以学习实践科学发展观活动为契机,多措并举,全面贯彻落实省、市重大动物疫病防控工作会议的各项部署,扎实做好春季重大动物疫病防控工作. 自从深入学习实践科学发展观活动以来,区畜牧水产局始终做到"两不误",不但注重学习实践活动的理论学习,而且以主抓实践工作为重点.在2009年春季重大动物疫病防控工作中,体现在早安排、早部署上,并且提高了领导重视程度,加大了督导检查力度,全区的春防工作得到有序开展.     

探索重大动物疫病防控长效机制建设

随着畜牧业的快速发展,一些重大动物疫病和人畜共患病不断出现,防控难度不断增加,动物疫病成为影响和制约畜牧业生产的最大障碍.针对目前梨树县动物疫病防控工作的现状、存在问题,就构建重大动物疫病防控长效机制进行探讨. 梨树县是畜牧业大县,2011年全市年出栏生猪435万头、家禽4088.3万羽,养殖业产值达100亿元,是农村经济的支柱产业和农民增收的重要途径,因此,做好动物疫病的防控工作,对于加快全县畜牧养殖业发展显得尤为重要.但是,从当前的情况来看,防控重大动物疫病的形势依然严峻,为切实加强重大动物疫病防控工作,促进畜牧业的持续健康稳定发展,确保人民身体健康,必须构建重大动物疫病防控工作长效机制.现就梨树县建立长效的重大动物疫病防控工作机制提几点建议,供参考.     

解放思想 创新机制 推进重大动物疫病防控工作走向深入

中共十七大报告提出"加强动植物疫病防控,提高农产品质量安全水平"和"提高重大疾病防控和突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力",对翔安区重大动物疫病防控工作提出了更高的要求。2008年中共中央一号文件提出强化农业科技和生产性服务体系的建     

浅谈基层重大动物疫病防控工作做法与经验

近年来,国内外重大动物疫情不断发生,动物疫病防控形势极其严峻,重大动物疫病防控工作关系到国家食品安全和公共卫生,2012年5月,国务院审议通过了《国家中长期动物疫病防治规划（2012-2020）》,这是新中国成立以来第一个指导全国动物疫病防治工作的综合性规划,标志着动物疫病防治工作进入了新的科学发展阶段.现笔者结合山东省新泰市动物疫病防控工作实际,就新形势下基层如何做好重大动物疫病防控工作谈点粗浅的认识.     

动物疫病传播途径及防控措施

近年来,我国在重大动物疫病防控上积极贯彻"预防为主"和"加强领导、密切配合、依靠科学、依法防治、群防群控、果断处置"的动物防疫工作方针,实施了免疫与扑杀相结合的综合防控措施,使重大动物疫情得到有效控制,为确保畜牧业健康发展和畜产品有效供给做出了重要贡献.但由于在防控任务上主要集中在重大动物疫病防控,主要财力物力主要集中于强制免疫和疫情的处置,在动物疫病的传播途径防控上研究不够,缺乏有效的防控措施,使动物疫病的防控尚未形成消灭传染源,切断传播途径与保护易感动物协同推进的有效机制.因此急需加强动物疫病传播途径的预防控制.     

动物产地检疫监督方式面临的变革

2007年,我国正式启动发展现代农业的"十大行动",其中健康养殖业推进行动、农产品质量安全监管加强行动、禽流感等重大动物疫病防控行动等"三大行动"与畜牧兽医和动物卫生密切相关.推进和落实发展现代农业"十大行动"中的相关项目,是动物卫生行业扩大公益性服务的历史性使命,动物卫生监督机构应当承担起维护公共卫生安全的重要职责.     

探索重大动物疫病防控一二三工作机制

"防重于治",做好动物疫病防控工作,是保障畜牧业健康、可持续性发展,维护畜产品的质量安全的重要前提。在从事动物疫病防控工作多年的基础上,笔者分析探索出"一二三工作机制",即一个目标,二个保障,三个机制。1一个目标:确保不发生重大动物疫情不管是工作在动物防疫第一线的村级动物防疫员,还是畜牧兽医部门的主要领导,他们的工作宗旨     

衡阳市基层动物防疫体系存在的问题和建议

文章调查分析了湖南省衡阳市基层动物防疫体系中存在专业人员缺乏、基础设施简陋等问题,结合衡阳市当前动物疫病防控形势及现状,提出了提高政治站位、加强队伍建设、完善设施设备、加大财政投入等建议,补齐基层动物防疫体系中的"短板",以适应重大动物疫病防控新形势.     

对当前动物疫情防控措施的思考

随着现代畜牧业的快速发展,动物疫病是畜牧业发展的最大障碍.特别是近年来,高致病性禽流感、高致病性猪蓝耳病、口蹄疫等重大动物疫病频频暴发,给畜牧业发展带来巨大的经济损失.因此,各级兽医行政管理部门应制订科学有效的动物疫病防控对策,从多方面严加防范.本文就动物疫病防控策略进行探讨,敬请广大同行给予指导. 1 加强领导,落实动物疫病防控责任 抓好重大动物疫病防控工作,关键在领导.国务院明确规定,动物防疫是政府行为,各级人民政府对动物防疫工作负总责,地方行政主要领导是第一责任人,分管领导是直接责任人.各地要严格执行"政府负总责,主要负责人是第一责任人"和"属地管理、分级负责"的工作责任制和失职追究制.     

于康震：扎实推进秋冬季重大动物疫病防控

9月14日,农业部召开全国秋季重大动物疫病防控工作视频会议,深入分析当前重大动物疫病防控形势,对秋冬季防控工作进行了全面部署。国家首席兽医师于康震强调,要全力推进《国家中长期动物疫病防治规划(2012—2020年)》的实施,切实抓好秋冬季动物疫病防控工作,努力确保不发生区域性重大动物疫情。于康震指出,今年以来,农业部按照党中央、国务院的决策部署,把握"稳中求进"的总基调,继续将"两     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …