褐壳蛋鸡饥饿法强制换羽的研究

４８００余只５０７日龄海兰褐商品蛋鸡实施饥饿法强制换羽,结果：试验鸡群６０日龄内死淘率为３．４６％,换羽后产蛋高峰８７％８０％以上产蛋率维持了８９ｄ,平均蛋重６６．１ｇ／个,高峰期只鸡日产蛋５７ｇ,换羽后蛋壳质量有了明显好转。褐壳蛋鸡饥饿法强制换羽的...     

利用ZnO对蛋鸡进行强制换羽的技术概要

我们于1991年8月1日开始,对9080只57周龄的星杂“579”商品代蛋鸡进行了利用2.5％ZnO加入日粮中进行强制换羽。1.强换后的死淘和产蛋恢复情况死淘情况:从强换的第一天到恢复产蛋达5％(30天),共死淘180只,死淘率为1.98％,以后平均月死淘率为0.97％。产蛋恢复情况:见表1。     

降低蛋鸡生产成本的措施

在蚕鸡生产主要成本中，饲料费用约占70％。从蛋鸡生产指标看：国内平均每只鸡年产蛋约14-15千克，料蛋比2．7～2．8：1，死淘率超过20％；发这国家每只鸡年产蛋20千克，料蛋比为2．1-2．2：1，死淘率不足5％。因此，降低饲养成本关键在饲料，其次是降低死淘率。     

雏鸡肾型传支对后期生产性能的影响

雏鸡肾型传支对后期生产性能的影响吴忠旭，魏建平（辽宁大连韩伟养鸡场，旅顺１１６０４３）一、发病情况１９９３年３月，我场编号为１～６１２～６两批雏鸡相继发病。１～６批鸡从２８日龄开始发病，病程１５天，共死淘１３７４只，死淘率为９．６％；２～６批鸡从２７...     

不同饲养方式对绿头野鸭生产性能的影响试验

选用1日龄美国绿头野鸭苗5000羽，随机分为2组，每组2500羽（公母比1：18），Ⅰ组采用传统的筑塘养殖模式（对照组），Ⅱ组采用无水面舍内旱地圈养（试验组），用以测定各组产蛋期生产性能。结果表明，Ⅰ组360日龄入舍母鸭平均产蛋数为142．3枚，平均总蛋重9．00kg；Ⅱ组360日龄人舍母鸭平均产蛋数为154．3枚，平均总蛋重9．75kg。2组相比，差异极显著（P〈0．01）；Ⅰ组产蛋期死淘率为14．25％，Ⅱ组为4．11％；全期料蛋比Ⅰ组为3．73：1，Ⅱ组为2．69：1，种蛋受精率，Ⅰ组为83％，Ⅱ组为85％。     

蛋鸡产蛋性能下降的原因及其对策

所谓蛋鸡的产蛋性能，是指蛋鸡的开产日龄、产蛋高峰期及其维持时间、产蛋期死淘率等。养鸡生产实践中，常见鸡开产日龄提前或推迟、不出现产蛋高峰期或产蛋率攀升慢、产蛋高峰期维持时间短、产蛋期死淘率高以及提前休产等产蛋性能下降的现象。一、产蛋性能下降的原因１．育成鸡合格率低。合格率是在成活率基础上的体重和均匀度的统一，有些鸡场直接用育成合格率反映育成情况。育成合格率低说明育雏育成期死亡多，育成鸡体重低，均匀度差。体重偏轻或偏重都将导致产蛋推迟或提前、产蛋高峰期不稳、产蛋性能低，而均匀度则是直接关系到产蛋高…     

雏鸡肾型传染性支气管炎对后期生产性能的影响

一、发病情况 1993年3月,我场编号为1-6批雏鸡从28日龄时开始发病,病程15天,共死淘1374只,死淘率为9.6％;2-6批鸡从27日龄开始发病,病程12天,共死淘920只,死淘率为5.5％。     

养殖业的持续发展之路—健康养殖

我国的养殖业在近二十年中，发生了巨大的变化。据统计，１９９７年，我国猪的存栏量４.６亿头，生产猪肉４千万吨，占全世界猪肉生产量的 ４９．２％；禽的存栏量为３０亿只，产蛋 １．７千万吨，产肉 １． ２千万吨，分别占世界禽蛋产量的４０％和禽肉产量的３０％，已经成为养殖大国。这些成绩为改变我国人民的膳食结构，提高营养水平做出了突出的贡献。但是在成绩面前，我们应清醒地看到不足之处，比如生猪的死淘率在１０％以上，发达国家的仅为３％－５％；我国蛋鸡的死淘率为２５％－３０％，而发达国家的在８０％左右。过多的病害造…     

矮脚黄鸡、新兴黄鸡、广西三黄鸡产蛋性能比较研究

本试验对广东地区矮脚黄鸡、新兴黄鸡、广西三黄鸡等品种种鸡产蛋性能进行了比较研究。结果表明，矮脚黄鸡的适应性、抗病性较强，死淘率低（6．31％），料蛋比低（5．05），产蛋整齐性好，从开产到产蛋率达80％的天数短（25天）；新兴黄鸡产蛋期产蛋教高达182．44枚，破蛋率低，为1．55％；广西三黄土鸡开产日龄早（148日龄），日采食量低（164．83g），产蛋期只总耗料量为41．37kg。矮脚黄鸡对广东地区高温、多湿的环境适应性较强，适合在广东地区饲养。     

花卉地里饲养蛋鸡效果好

鄢陵县花卉种植达１０万多亩，为综合利用土地资源，提高农民收入，我们自１９９８年起，利用三年时间，分别在我县的马坊乡１３个花卉种植村、柏良镇１７个花木种植村、彭店乡２７个花木种植村进行了试验，探索出了一种“花牧结合型高效养鸡模式”。 实践证明，我们在不同条件、不同地方散养罗曼商品褐壳蛋鸡５批６４２０只，４２日龄平均成活率９６，３３％，达性成熟标准体重（１５００ｇ）时平均日龄 １１９天，产蛋平均日龄１２０天，达９０％产蛋率平均日龄１６７天，１～３５０日龄平均死淘率７．７７％。１～１２０日龄平均每百只鸡…     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.