草原红牛m-calpain基因的多态性及其与肉质性状的关系

对草原红牛m-calpain的30 ku调节亚基的DNA序列通过PCR扩增得到1 830 bp大小的产物,这个产物序列包括从外显子4到外显子7的全部序列(包括它们之间的内含子序列).利用限制性内切酶 HhaⅠ对PCR产物进行酶切,并利用最小二乘线性模型初步探索了不同基因型与肉质性状间的关系.结果表明:在31头草原红牛群体中检测到2个等位基因A和B,2个等位基因的频率分别为0.355和0.645;检测到3种基因型AA、BB和AB,3种基因型的频率分别为0.161,0.452和0.387.草原红牛m-calpain基因中BB基因型对牛肉嫩度剪切力值有较大的影响(P<0.05); AA基因型对大理石花纹评分值有较大的影响(P<0.05).     

中国草原红牛MED4基因第7外显子多态性与肉质性状的相关性研究

为探究中国草原红牛介体复合物亚基4(MED4)基因多态性及其对草原红牛肉质性状的影响,实验以118头20月龄的草原红牛为研究对象,采用PCR测序的方法对草原红牛MED4基因第7外显子的多态性进行研究,利用SPASS 20.0软件分析MED4基因SNP位点与肉质性状的相关性.结果表明:草原红牛MED4基因第7外显子存在A...     

草原红牛改良群体H-FABP基因SNP及其与肉质性状的相关分析

试验采用PCR-SSCP的方法对含1/2利木赞血缘的改良草原红牛的H-FABP基因5’-调控区进行SNP分析,并分析其多态性与改良草原红牛肉质性状的相关性。结果表明:改良草原红牛H-FABP基因5’-调控区存在多态位点,在136位点发生1个T碱基的插入突变,在142位点,发生了G→A转换。相关分析结果显示剪切力在AA和AB、BB基因型间差异极显著(P<0.01),AB与BB基因型间差异不显著(P>0.05),A基因对剪切力有负效应,其余肉质性状在不同基因型间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。表明H-FABP基因对改良草原红牛肉质嫩度有显著影响。     

中国草原红牛FBXO32基因内含子4多态性对肉质性状的影响

为了研究中国草原红牛F-框蛋白32(FBXO32)基因多态性与肉质性状之间的相关性,试验选取120头中国草原红牛为研究对象,采用PCR产物直接测序法检测FBXO32基因内含子4的多态性,利用SPSS 19.0软件对多态性位点与离心失水率、滴水损失率、压榨水分、肌肉嫩度、肌内脂肪含量、初水分含量、蛋白质含量、大理石花纹评分、熟肉率、眼肌面积、pH₂₄值指标进行相关性分析。结果表明：在FBXO32基因第4内含子g.16336603处检测到一个C/T突变位点,TT型为优势基因型,等位基因T为优势基因,该位点在所测群体中处于哈迪-温伯格平衡状态(P>0.05);CC基因型离心失水率显著低于TT和TC基因型(P<0.05),肌内脂肪含量和大理石花纹评分显著高于TT和TC基因型(P<0.05),pH₂₄值高于TT和TC基因型,其中与TC基因型差异显著(P<0.05);但3个基因型的滴水损失率、压榨水分、肌肉嫩度、初水分含量、蛋白质含量、眼肌面积及熟肉率均差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明FBXO32基因可作为中国草原红牛品种选...     

草原红牛CAPN1基因第5外显子多态性与肉质性状的相关研究

本研究以草原红牛为研究对象，对CAPN1基因的第5外显子进行SNP分析，发现第5外显子存在A3717G突变，同时与肉质性状进行相关分析发现其与pH及嫩度相关。这将为系统的研究草原红牛以及其他肉牛品种的肉质特性提供分子生物学依据。     

草原红牛改良群体H FABP基因SNP及其与肉质性状的相关分析

试验采用PCR-SSCP的方法对含1/2利木赞血缘的改良草原红牛的H-FABP基因5’-调控区进行SNP分析,并分析其多态性与改良草原红牛肉质性状的相关性。结果表明：改良草原红牛H-FABP基因5’-调控区存在多态位点,在136位点发生1个T碱基的插入突变,在142位点,发生了G→A转换。相关分析结果显示剪切力在AA和AB、BB基因型间差异极显著（P<0.01）,AB与BB基因型间差异不显著（P>0.05）,A基因对剪切力有负效应,其余肉质性状在不同基因型间差异均不显著（P>0.05）。表明H FABP基因对改良草原红牛肉质嫩度有显著影响。     

草原红牛与中国荷斯坦牛GHR基因多态性及与产奶性状相关性分析

研究旨在分析生长激素受体(GHR)基因外显子10的多态性及其与奶牛产奶性状的相关性。选用30头草原红牛与145头中国荷斯坦牛为材料,采用PCR-RFLP的方法对该基因外显子多态性进行分析,并对突变位点用SPSS软件分析其与产奶性状的相关性。结果表明:GHR基因外显子10的扩增产物被限制性酶BsaH I酶切消化后表现出多态性,经电泳检测显现AA、AB、BB 3种不同的基因型。使用SPSS软件对所得基因型与产奶性状进行相关性分析发现,在中国荷斯坦牛群体中,AA型个体乳脂率显著高于BB型(P<0.05),AA型个体的体细胞数显著低于AB型个体(P<0.05),AA型为优势基因型,等位基因A可显著提高个体的乳脂率,降低个体体细胞数,为中国荷斯坦牛的早期选种选育、改善乳品质提供依据。     

猪IGFBP2基因多态性及其与胴体、肉质性状的关联分析

本研究旨在调查猪胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白2基因(IGFBP2)潜在的变异与胴体性状和肉质性状之间的关系。IGFBP2是IGFBPs家族的一员,定位在猪15号染色体上。本研究利用PCR-MspⅠ-RFLP方法对该基因第二内含子g.171CT(Gen Bank Accession No.BV727778)进行了单核苷酸多态性(SNP)检测,在382头大白×梅山猪F2代猪群体中关联分析。结果发现该位点与背膘厚、眼肌高、眼肌宽、骨率等性状呈极显著相关(P0.01),与眼肌面积、肥肉率、瘦肥比、花油、色值(LD)和色值(BF)等性状呈显著相关(P0.05)。结果表明IGFBP2基因型与胴体和肉质性能存在一定程度的显著关联,是潜在的影响猪胴体和肉质性状的候选基因。     

草原红牛OLR1基因多态性及其不同基因型对肉用性状影响的研究

为了研究氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体1(oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor,OLR1)基因的多态性及其不同基因型对肉用性状的影响,试验以58头草原红牛为研究对象,采用PCR扩增和San-ger测序方法检测草原红牛OLR1基因第4外显子的遗传多态性,利用"牛等家养动物群体遗传分析...     

Polymorphism of PLIN Gene and Its Associaton with Carcass and Meat Quality Traits in Yanbian Yellow Cattle

This experiment was conducted to explore the association between perilipin (PLIN) gene and carcass and meat quality traits in Yanbian Yellow cattle.In this study,70 30-month-old healthy Yanbian Yellow cattle were used as experimental materials,the blood of jugular vein and its 12-13 intercostal longissimus muscle dorsi were collected to extract DNA samples of Yanbian Yellow cattle,and determine the carcass and meat quality characteristics.The SNP of PLIN gene was detected by direct sequencing,and the correlation analysis was conducted based on the carcass and meat quality data of Yanbian Yellow cattle and the genetic polymorphism of PLIN gene.The results showed that there were 2 SNPs of PLIN gene exon 3 in Yanbian Yellow cattle:g.103 C→T and g.156 T→C,both of them were missense mutations.g.103 C→T contained two genotypes:CC and CT,CC genotype was the dominant genotype,the genotype frequency was 0.81,C was the dominant allele,the gene frequency was 0.90.The intramuscular fat,pre slaughter weight,carcass weight and back fat thickness of CT genotype was significantly higher than those of CC genotype(P<0.05).g.156 T→C contained two genotypes:TT and TC,TT genotype was the dominant genotype,the genotype frequency was 0.83,T was the dominant allele,the gene frequency was 0.92.The pre slaughter weight,carcass weight and back fat thickness of TC genotype were significantly higher than those of TT genotype (P<0.05).Chi square test showed that the two SNPs of PLIN gene in Yanbian Yellow cattle reached Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05),and belonged to low polymorphism (PIC<0.25).In conclusion,g.103 C→T and g.156 T→C of PLIN gene had potential effect on carcass and meat quality traits in Yanbian Yellow cattle,and could be used as a candidate gene and potential molecular marker of Yanbian Yellow cattle.     

延边黄牛PLIN基因多态性及其与胴体和肉质性状的相关性分析

为探究延边黄牛脂滴包被蛋白（perilipin,PLIN）基因遗传多态性及其对胴体和肉质性状的影响,试验选取70头30月龄健康延边黄牛公牛,采集颈静脉血液及其12~13肋间背最长肌以提取延边黄牛DNA样本,并测定胴体与肉质性状,采用直接测序方法检测PLIN基因SNP位点,结合延边黄牛胴体、肉质数据与PLIN基因遗传多态性进行关联分析。结果显示,在延边黄牛PLIN基因外显子3 103与156 bp处存在2个突变位点：g.103 C→T和g.156 T→C,均为错义突变。g.103 C→T位点存在CC、CT两种基因型,CC基因型为优势基因型（0.81）,C基因为优势等位基因（0.90）,表现为CT基因型个体脂肪含量、宰前重、胴体重、背膘厚均显著高于CC基因型个体（P<0.05）;g.156 T→C位点存在TC、TT两种基因型,TT基因型为优势基因型（0.83）,T基因为优势等位基因（0.92）,表现为TC基因型个体的宰前重、胴体重及背膘厚均显著高于TT基因型个体（P<0.05）。卡方检验结果表明,延边黄牛在PLIN基因外显子3的2个SNPs位点均达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P>0.05）,杂合度较低,属于低度多态（PIC<0.25）。综上,PLIN基因g.103 C→T和g.156 T→C位点对延边黄牛部分胴体与肉质性状存在一定影响,该位点可作为延边黄牛胴体、肉质性状的潜在标记,PLIN基因可以作为延边黄牛品种选育的候选基因和潜在分子标记。     

Polymorphism of MyoG Gene Exon 1 and Its Association Analysis with Meat Quality Traits in Sheep

Myogenin (MyoG) gene plays a central regulatory role in the process of muscle cell differentiation, which directly affects meat production capacity of animal. In this study, 6 sheep varieties including Large-tail Han sheep, Small-tail Han sheep, Yuxizhiwei sheep, Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep, Mongolia sheep and Tong sheep were selected as experimental materials to detect the polymorphism of MyoG gene exon 1 by non denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and analyze the association analysis between the polymorphism of MyoG gene exon 1 and meat quality traits in sheep. The results showed that 2 alleles (A, B) and 3 genotypes (AA, BB, AB) were detected in MyoG gene exon 1 of six sheep populations. The A allele frequency in Small-tail Han sheep, Large-tail Han sheep, Yuxizhiwei sheep, Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep, Mongolia sheep and Tong sheep were 0.5167, 0.2500, 0.4375, 0.6500, 0.5750 and 0.7125, respectively, the B allele frequency of six sheep populations were 0.4833, 0.7500, 0.5625, 0.3500, 0.4250 and 0.2875, respectively. MyoG gene exon 1 mainly affected the moisture and color of mutton, the moisture content of BB genotype was significantly higher than that of AB genotype (P< 0.01) and AA genotype (P< 0.05). The color of AB genotype was significantly higher than that of BB genotype (P< 0.01) and AA genotype (P< 0.05).     

绵羊MyoG基因外显子1的多态性及其与肉质性状的关联分析

肌细胞生成素（myogenin,MyoG）基因在肌细胞分化过程中起着中心调节作用,直接影响着动物的产肉能力。本研究以大尾寒羊、小尾寒羊、豫西脂尾羊、兰州大尾羊、蒙古羊、同羊6个绵羊品种为试验材料,利用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测MyoG基因外显子1的多态性,并与绵羊的肉质性状进行关联分析,探讨MyoG基因外显子1对绵羊肉质性状的影响。结果表明,MyoG基因外显子1在6个绵羊群体中均检测到3种基因型（AA、BB、AB）和2个等位基因（A、B）,在小尾寒羊、大尾寒羊、豫西脂尾羊、兰州大尾羊、蒙古羊、同羊群体中检测到MyoG基因外显子1的A等位基因频率分别为：0.5167、0.2500、0.4375、0.6500、0.5750和0.7125,MyoG基因外显子1的B等位基因频率分别为：0.4833、0.7500、0.5625、0.3500、0.4250和0.2875。MyoG基因外显子1主要对羊肉的水分和色泽有影响,主要表现为BB基因型水分极显著高于AB基因型（P< 0.01）,显著高于AA基因型（P< 0.05）;AB基因型的色泽极显著高于BB基因型（P< 0.01）,显著高于AA基因型（P< 0.05）。     

中国西门塔尔牛血管生成素样蛋白3基因多态性及其与肉质性状的关联性分析

本研究旨在分析血管生成素样蛋白3(angiopoietin-like protein 3,ANGPTL3)基因的单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)及其与中国西门塔尔牛肉质性状的关联性,寻找可用于辅助选择的分子标记。随机选取饲养条件相同的98头中国西门塔尔牛为研究对象,采用PCR-SSCP技术结合DNA测序技术检测ANGPTL3基因的SNP。运用SPSS 19.0软件对ANGPTL3基因的不同基因型与肉质性状进行关联性分析。经测序发现,ANGPTL3基因外显子4中存在1个突变位点G7358C,存在2种基因型:CD、DD。关联性分析结果表明,G7358C突变位点的不同基因型与胴体脂肪覆盖率、眼肌面积、肌内脂肪和大理石花纹差异显著相关(P0.05),CC基因型个体胴体脂肪覆盖率、眼肌面积、肌内脂肪和大理石花纹显著高于CD基因型个体(P0.05)。试验结果表明,G7358C位点的CC基因型为优势基因型,与胴体脂肪覆盖率、眼肌面积、肌内脂肪和大理石花纹等肉用性状有相关性,ANGPTL3基因有望作为分子标记辅助选择的候选基因。     

Polymorphism of ACTA1 Gene and Its Association with Meat Quality Traits in Yanbian Yellow Cattle

This study was aimed to research the gentic variations of ACTA1 gene in Yanbian Yellow cattle, and analyze the influence of genetic polymorphisms on meat quality traits. PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSCP technique were used to analyze the association between the polymorphisms of ACTA1 gene and meat quality traits. The results showed that there were two SNPs, A193G which with replacement of Arg by Gly amino acid, A298G which with replacement of Lys by Arg amino acid. χ² test showed A193G and A298G were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). The association analysis indicated that the genotypes of different mutations in ACTA1 gene were found to be significantly related to myristic acid, oleic acid, loin muscle area, marbling score (P<0.05). ACTA1 gene had potential effects on meat quality traits of Yanbian Yellow cattle, and could be used for candidate gene in early selection of new varieties of Yanbian Yellow cattle.     

延黄牛ALDH1A1基因内含子4多态性及其与肉用性状的相关性分析

试验旨在研究乙醛脱氢酶1A1（acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1,ALDH1A1）基因内含子4多态性及其对延黄牛肉用性状的影响。选取99头18月龄延黄牛母牛,采用PCR扩增产物Sanger直接测序法测定99头延黄牛ALDH1A1基因内含子4的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）,运用SPSS 19.0软件分析ALDH1A1基因内含子4 SNP与延黄牛肉用性状（体高、体斜长、十字部高、胸围、腹围、管围、体重、背膘厚、眼肌面积和肌内脂肪）的关联性。结果显示,延黄牛ALDH1A1基因内含子4存在C/T突变位点,共发现3种基因型：TT、TC和CC,2种等位基因：T和C,其中TC为优势等位基因型,C为优势等位基因。卡方适合性检验结果发现,该SNP在延黄牛群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态（P>0.05）。群体遗传参数分析发现,该突变位点的杂合度（He）相对较低,表明其在延黄牛群体中的变异较小,该位点属于中度多态（0.250.05）。结果表明,ALDH1A1基因内含子4在延黄牛中存在突变,能否作为延黄牛肉用性状的遗传标记有待于扩大样本数量进一步研究。