苹果 山楂 胡萝卜复合果酱的研制

以新鲜的苹果、山楂、胡萝卜为原材料,采用单因素试验和正交试验,再以复合果酱的感官评分作为基准,研究苹果、山楂、胡萝卜复合果酱的最佳原料配比、熬制时间、添加剂添加量、白砂糖添加量。结果表明,最优工艺参数为苹果、山楂、胡萝卜配比5∶2∶3,白砂糖添加量10%,柠檬酸添加量0.3%,低甲氧基果胶添加量0.65%,氯化钙添加量0.2%,浓缩时间30 min;用此参数制作的果酱味道酸甜可口、酱体晶莹剔透、风味纯正。     

樱花雪梨低糖复合果酱的研制

以樱花和雪梨为原料制作低糖复合果酱,通过单因素试验和正交试验确定最佳复合果酱配方为梨肉添加量62.5%,白砂糖添加量16%,蛋白糖添加量0.3%,柠檬酸添加量0.375%,黄原胶添加量1.5%,CaCl_2添加量0.4%。在此条件下制作的复合果酱色泽均匀、组织细腻、酸甜可口。     

复合果渣果酱加工工艺研究

以蓝莓、桑果、杨梅皮渣为主要原料,辅以白砂糖、增稠剂,在不添加任何防腐剂、色素的情况下,通过单因素试验、正交试验和感官评价,研究了低糖复合果渣果酱的最佳工艺和配方。结果表明,在复合果渣添加量20%,魔芋胶添加量0.4%,CMC-Na添加量0.3%,果胶添加量0.4%,糖酸比35∶1,白砂糖添加量35%,最佳杀菌公式为85-90℃/15 min条件下,可生产出富含粗纤维、营养丰富、酸甜适口、色泽艳丽、风味独特、涂抹性佳、稳定性好的低糖果酱。产品固形物含量40%～45%,酸度0.6%～1.0%,保质期可达12个月以上。     

无籽刺梨果酱的工艺研究

无籽刺梨果实富含多种维生素、氨基酸、微量元素及超氧化物歧化酶,具有较高的营养价值和药用价值。通过对无籽刺梨果酱加工工艺的研究,筛选出最佳工艺配比。结果表明,料液比1∶0.7,白砂糖添加量50%,柠檬酸添加量0.2%,果胶、黄原胶及魔芋胶按3∶2∶1复配,复合增稠剂添加量0.4%,可溶性固形物60%,pH值3.3,在此条件下所制取的无籽刺梨果酱柔软度227.56 g,密度827.73 g·sec,色泽金黄,均匀细腻,酸甜适宜,香甜可口,具有刺梨果的特殊芳香。     

雪梨西瓜复合果酱的研制

以雪梨和西瓜为原料,添加白砂糖、柠檬酸和黄原胶研制复合果酱。通过单因素试验和正交试验对雪梨西瓜复合果酱的配方进行优化。结果表明,在雪梨∶西瓜质量比为40∶60,白砂糖添加量为45%,柠檬酸添加量为0.20%,黄原胶添加量为0.40%条件下,制作的复合果酱感官品质最佳,符合GB/T 22474-2008相关要求。     

南瓜绿豆复合饮料的研制

以南瓜和绿豆为主要原料,通过单因素试验和正交试验对复合饮料制作工艺进行研究。结果表明,最佳配方为柠檬酸添加量0.08%,白砂糖添加量10%,奶粉添加量0.5%,南瓜汁与绿豆汁的体积比2∶3,添加0.1%黄原胶和0.2% CMC-Na的复合稳定剂。     

南瓜绿豆复合饮料的研制

以南瓜和绿豆为主要原料,通过单因素试验和正交试验对复合饮料制作工艺进行研究。结果表明,最佳配方为柠檬酸添加量0.08%,白砂糖添加量10%,奶粉添加量0.5%,南瓜汁与绿豆汁的体积比2∶3,添加0.1%黄原胶和0.2%CMC-Na的复合稳定剂。     

番木瓜芒果低糖复合果酱的研制

为研制出低糖、新型的番木瓜芒果复合果酱,以番木瓜、芒果为原料,以木糖醇、黄原胶、柠檬酸为辅料,通过单因素试验及正交试验进行了产品工艺配方的探索,并对产品进行感官、理化、微生物指标的检测。结果表明,番木瓜芒果低糖复合果酱的最佳工艺配方为木瓜与芒果的配比3∶2,木糖醇添加量30%,黄原胶添加量0.6%,柠檬酸添加量0.3%。根据上述方法研制出的番木瓜芒果低糖复合果酱酱体良好、质地细腻,呈金黄色,具有芒果和木瓜特有的香味,酸甜可口、营养丰富、卫生安全性高,可溶性固形物含量只有35%。     

蓝莓花青素保健饮品加工工艺研究

以蓝莓浓缩浆和蓝莓花青素为主要原料研制一款保健饮品,通过工艺参数对饮品感官品质和花青素稳定性进行研究,确定最佳工艺条件。结果表明,蓝莓花青素保健饮品最佳工艺配方为:蓝莓浓缩浆28%,罗汉果甜苷0.005%,甜菊糖苷0.005%,柠檬酸0.15%,增稠剂为果胶0.005%、黄原胶0.035%、羧甲基纤维素钠0.005%、海藻酸钠0.030%,灭菌后添加花青素10 mg/mL。该工艺配方调配出的饮品色泽诱人,呈现紫红色、均匀,酸甜爽口,具蓝莓特有的气味与滋味,口感醇厚,且其花青素含量较稳定。     

拐枣雪莲果低糖果酱的研制

以新鲜拐枣与新鲜雪莲果为原料研制一种低糖果酱。通过单因素试验对拐枣雪莲果添加比例,木糖醇、柠檬酸添加量,以及单一增稠剂的种类和添加量进行筛选。通过感官评分和正交试验,得到低糖果酱的最佳配方为拐枣与雪莲果配比1∶4,木糖醇添加量7%,柠檬酸添加量0.9%,增稠剂低甲氧基果胶添加量0.5%。     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

香蕉遗传转化方法研究进展

香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。     

新疆布尔津县土地利用格局特征研究

基于RS与GIS技术,利用景观生态学理论及景观格局指数对布尔津县土地利用现状进行定量分析。结果显示为：（1）布尔津县以草地、林地为主要景观类型,镶嵌着耕地、水域等景观类型。（2）四个分区（即高山区、丘陵区、平原区、荒漠区）的林地资源组成差异明显,耕地、居民、交通及工矿用地集中分布在丘陵区和平原区（3）从各项指数来看,高山区的多样性指数较低;平原区是受人文因素最多的区域,景观优势度低,各种土地利用类型比例差异不大,有利于生态可持续发展,但要合理的开发利用;荒漠区生态环境相对脆弱,要加强生态环境的保护与改善。通过该研究对布尔津县的土地利用现状作一个了解,为该县乃至整个地区的景观规划和可持续发展战略提供科学依据。     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6～9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5～6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法.结果表明,在含1％果胶酶+4％纤维素酶R-10+3％纤维素...     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.     

Laboratorial Method of Determining Limit of Yielding of Material

Based on the relation between the incipient yield pressure and the limit of yielding in cylinder according to the elastic disabled rule, a laboratorial method of determining limit of yielding of material is designed and a set of experimental data were gained by the method. The incipient yield pressure of the cylinder is gained by analyzing the experimental data, and then the limit of yielding is gained. The laboratorial method has a good reliability as the experimental value has a little error to the theory value. It has a definite engineering signification and theory value to research the mechanical capability of material and the disabled rule of high pressure vessel.